Prandial: Difference between revisions
Content deleted Content added
Citation bot (talk | contribs) Add: s2cid, pmid, authors 1-1. Removed parameters. Some additions/deletions were parameter name changes. | Use this bot. Report bugs. | Suggested by Smasongarrison | Linked from User:Smasongarrison/Sandbox/5 | #UCB_webform_linked 2587/3700 |
|||
| (67 intermediate revisions by 52 users not shown) | |||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{Short description|Of or relating to a meal}} |
|||
'''Postprandial''' means after eating/ after a meal.<sup>[1]</sup> This term is often used in the context of blood sugar (or blood [[glucose]]) levels, which are normally measured 2 hours after eating. However this is not the only context on which this term is used. |
|||
'''Prandial''' relates to a meal. '''Postprandial''' (from '''post prandium''') means after eating a meal,<ref>MedlinePlus: Medical Dictionary. [http://www2.merriam-webster.com/cgi-bin/mwmednlm?book=Medical&va=postprandial "Postprandial."] Last accessed July 13, 2007.</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Hanefeld|first1=M.|last2=Temelkova-Kurktschiev|first2=T.|date=1997|title=The Postprandial State and the Risk of Atherosclerosis|url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/%28SICI%291096-9136%28199708%2914%3A3%20%3CS6%3A%3AAID-DIA438%3E3.0.CO%3B2-H|journal=Diabetic Medicine|language=en|volume=14|issue=S3|pages=S6–S11|doi=10.1002/(SICI)1096-9136(199708)14:3+<S6::AID-DIA438>3.0.CO;2-H|pmid=9272607 |issn=1096-9136}}</ref> while '''preprandial''' is before a meal.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Aschwald|first1=Camille L.|last2=Catanzaro|first2=Rosemary B.|last3=Weiss|first3=Edward P.|last4=Gavard|first4=Jeffrey A.|last5=Steitz|first5=Karen A.|last6=Mostello|first6=Dorothea J.|date=1 January 2009|title=Large-for-gestational-age infants of type 1 diabetic mothers: An effect of preprandial hyperglycemia?|url=https://doi.org/10.1080/09513590903015445|journal=[[Gynecological Endocrinology]]|volume=25|issue=10|pages=653–660|doi=10.1080/09513590903015445|pmid=19544119 |s2cid=5344558 |issn=0951-3590}}</ref> |
|||
<p> |
|||
<ul> |
|||
<li> Postprandial hyperglycemia = high blood sugar which happens after eating |
|||
| ⚫ | |||
<li> Postprandial hypotension: a drastic decline in blood pressure which happens after eating <sup>[2]</sup> |
|||
</ul> |
|||
<p> |
|||
==Usages of postprandial== |
|||
| ⚫ | |||
[[File:Postprandial thermogenesis.png|thumb|''Postprandial [[thermogenesis]]'' increases [[metabolic rate]] to different degree depending on food constituents.]] |
|||
The term ''postprandial'' is used in many contexts. |
|||
===Gastronomic or social=== |
|||
---- |
|||
Refers to activities performed after a meal, such as drinking cocktails or smoking. |
|||
===Medical=== |
|||
<p> |
|||
A common use is in relation to blood sugar (or blood [[glucose]]) levels, which are normally measured 2 hours after and before eating in a [[postprandial glucose test]]. This is because blood glucose levels usually rise after a meal. The [[American Diabetes Association]] recommends a postprandial glucose level under 180 mg/dl and a preprandial plasma glucose between 70 and 130 mg/dl.<ref>American Diabetes Association. January 2006 Diabetes Care. "Standards of Medical Care – Table 6 and Table 7, Correlation between A1C level and Mean Plasma Glucose Levels on Multiple Testing over 2–3 months." Vol. 29, Supplement 1, pp. 51–58.</ref> |
|||
1. MedlinePlus: Medical Dictionary, [http://www2.merriam-webster.com/cgi-bin/mwmednlm?book=Medical&va=postprandial http://www2.merriam-webster.com/cgi-bin/mwmednlm?book=Medical&va=postprandial]<br> |
|||
2. Postprandial Hypotension: Low Blood Pressure: Merck Manual Home Edition, [http://www.merck.com/mmhe/sec03/ch023/ch023d.html http://www.merck.com/mmhe/sec03/ch023/ch023d.html] |
|||
Other uses of ''postprandial'' include: |
|||
| ⚫ | |||
* Postprandial [[hyperglycemia]] (PPHG) is high blood sugar following a meal. It can be evaluated in a [[postprandial glucose test]]. |
|||
* Postprandial [[hypotension]] is a drastic decline in blood pressure which happens after eating a meal.<ref>Merck Manual Home Health Handbook. [http://www.merckmanuals.com/home/heart_and_blood_vessel_disorders/low_blood_pressure/postprandial_hypotension.html "Postprandial Hypotension."] Last revised February 2003. Last accessed July 13, 2007.</ref> |
|||
* Postprandial [[Regurgitation (digestion)|regurgitation]] is a unique symptom of [[rumination syndrome]]. |
|||
* Postprandial [[thermogenesis]] is heat production due to metabolism after a meal, temporarily increasing the [[metabolic rate]]. |
|||
* Postprandial abdominal distension usually refers to bloating of the abdomen following a meal, especially a large one. It is generally harmless, but tends to be uncomfortable. Instances of its sudden onset or prolonged duration can, however, be symptoms of certain severe adverse gastro-intestinal conditions such as irritable bowel disease.{{Which|date=August 2010}}<br/>Postprandial abdominal distension is also a documented side effect of some medications.{{Which|date=August 2010}}{{Citation needed|date=August 2010}} |
|||
====Processes==== |
|||
In the postprandium, there is [[digestion]] of food in the [[gastrointestinal tract]], followed by uptake and various [[metabolic]] processes, mainly [[anabolic]] ones (building organic molecules from smaller units). The postprandium is characterized by an increased activity of the [[parasympathetic nervous system]], putting the body in a state of "rest and digest". |
|||
| ⚫ | |||
{{wiktionary}} |
|||
{{reflist}} |
|||
[[Category:Medical terminology]] |
|||
Latest revision as of 14:43, 17 September 2022
Prandial relates to a meal. Postprandial (from post prandium) means after eating a meal,[1][2] while preprandial is before a meal.[3]
Usages of postprandial
[edit]
The term postprandial is used in many contexts.
Gastronomic or social
[edit]Refers to activities performed after a meal, such as drinking cocktails or smoking.
Medical
[edit]A common use is in relation to blood sugar (or blood glucose) levels, which are normally measured 2 hours after and before eating in a postprandial glucose test. This is because blood glucose levels usually rise after a meal. The American Diabetes Association recommends a postprandial glucose level under 180 mg/dl and a preprandial plasma glucose between 70 and 130 mg/dl.[4]
Other uses of postprandial include:
- Postprandial dip is a mild decrease in blood sugar after eating a big meal.
- Postprandial hyperglycemia (PPHG) is high blood sugar following a meal. It can be evaluated in a postprandial glucose test.
- Postprandial hypotension is a drastic decline in blood pressure which happens after eating a meal.[5]
- Postprandial regurgitation is a unique symptom of rumination syndrome.
- Postprandial thermogenesis is heat production due to metabolism after a meal, temporarily increasing the metabolic rate.
- Postprandial abdominal distension usually refers to bloating of the abdomen following a meal, especially a large one. It is generally harmless, but tends to be uncomfortable. Instances of its sudden onset or prolonged duration can, however, be symptoms of certain severe adverse gastro-intestinal conditions such as irritable bowel disease.[which?]
Postprandial abdominal distension is also a documented side effect of some medications.[which?][citation needed]
Processes
[edit]In the postprandium, there is digestion of food in the gastrointestinal tract, followed by uptake and various metabolic processes, mainly anabolic ones (building organic molecules from smaller units). The postprandium is characterized by an increased activity of the parasympathetic nervous system, putting the body in a state of "rest and digest".
References
[edit]
Look up prandial in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
- ^ MedlinePlus: Medical Dictionary. "Postprandial." Last accessed July 13, 2007.
- ^ Hanefeld, M.; Temelkova-Kurktschiev, T. (1997). "The Postprandial State and the Risk of Atherosclerosis". Diabetic Medicine. 14 (S3): S6–S11. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1096-9136(199708)14:3+<S6::AID-DIA438>3.0.CO;2-H. ISSN 1096-9136. PMID 9272607.
- ^ Aschwald, Camille L.; Catanzaro, Rosemary B.; Weiss, Edward P.; Gavard, Jeffrey A.; Steitz, Karen A.; Mostello, Dorothea J. (1 January 2009). "Large-for-gestational-age infants of type 1 diabetic mothers: An effect of preprandial hyperglycemia?". Gynecological Endocrinology. 25 (10): 653–660. doi:10.1080/09513590903015445. ISSN 0951-3590. PMID 19544119. S2CID 5344558.
- ^ American Diabetes Association. January 2006 Diabetes Care. "Standards of Medical Care – Table 6 and Table 7, Correlation between A1C level and Mean Plasma Glucose Levels on Multiple Testing over 2–3 months." Vol. 29, Supplement 1, pp. 51–58.
- ^ Merck Manual Home Health Handbook. "Postprandial Hypotension." Last revised February 2003. Last accessed July 13, 2007.