dmidecode

Dmidecode reports information about your system's hardware as described in your system BIOS according to the SMBIOS/DMI standard (see a sample output). This information typically includes system manufacturer, model name, serial number, BIOS version, asset tag as well as a lot of other details of varying level of interest and reliability depending on the manufacturer. This will often include usage status for the CPU sockets, expansion slots (e.g. AGP, PCI, ISA) and memory module slots, and the list of I/O ports (e.g. serial, parallel, USB).

DMI data can be used to enable or disable specific portions of kernel code depending on the specific hardware. Thus, one use of dmidecode is for kernel developers to detect system "signatures" and add them to the kernel source code when needed.

Beware that DMI data have proven to be too unreliable to be blindly trusted. Dmidecode does not scan your hardware, it only reports what the BIOS told it to.

Dmidecode was first written by Alan Cox, then was further developed and is currently maintained again by Jean Delvare, after a 5-year interim by Anton Arapov. It is released under the General Public License (GPL). For more details, you should have a look at the AUTHORS and LICENSE files that come with the source code.

Three additional tools come with dmidecode:

• biosdecode prints all BIOS related information it can find (see a sample output);
• ownership retrieves the "ownership tag" that can be set on Compaq computers;
• vpddecode prints the "vital product data" information that can be found in almost all IBM computers (see a sample output).

Some documentation files are distributed with the source code:

• NEWS, a list of the changes made to dmidecode
• README, which contains general information
• Manual pages.

Dmidecode is featured in the following articles:

• Differentiating between Similar Machines for Imaging
  Article by Luc Van de Velde, published on Novell Cool Solutions website.
• dmidecode: What's it good for?
  Article by Joe Barr, published on Linux.com.
• Scripting with dmidecode
  Article by Philip J. Hollenback, published on Linux.com.
• Linux tools: examining hardware in the terminal with dmidecode
  Article by Tyler Carrigan, published on Red Hat website.
• 12 Useful 'dmidecode' Command Examples for Linux Admin
  Article by Pradeep Kumar, published on Linux Techi website.
• dmidecode: Get System Hardware Information On Linux
  Article by Bobby Borisov, published on Linuxiac website.

Dmidecode is known to work on the following systems:

• Linux i386, x86-64, ia64, armv7, arm64
• FreeBSD i386, amd64
• NetBSD i386, amd64
• OpenBSD i386, amd64
• BeOS i386
• Solaris x86
• Haiku i586

Source code is available for download. You can also get the latest sources using git.

Recommended patches for version 3.5: 80de3762, c76ddda0, de392ff0.

Recommended patches for version 3.4: c3357b53, de392ff0.

Recommended patches for version 3.3: 1117390c, 11e134e5, de392ff0.

Recommended patches for version 3.2: fde47bb2, 74dfb854, e12ec26e, 1d0db859, fd084796, 65438a7e, 5bb7eb17, 557c3c37, de392ff0.

Recommended patches for version 3.1: ee07a1b4, 17438740, 2ba4fab2, 8ff32018, 4cbba9a8, 1d0db859.

Recommended patches for version 2.12: dmidecode.c 1.173, 1.175, 1.176, 1.177, 1.180, 1.181, 1.182, 1.195, 23aa5056.

No binaries are available here, but dmidecode is packaged for several Linux and BSD distributions (Debian, Gentoo, openSUSE and FreeBSD among others), either as an individual package or included in a more generic tool set. BeOS and DOS packages are also known to exist.

• Project page (on Savannah)
• Mailing list archives
• SMBIOS specification
• Intel CPUID specification
• IPMI specification

Dmidecode is used by the following programs:

• Prtdiag, a bash script by Tom Callaway that generates a report describing the state of the hardware on the machine.
  Beware, it looks like prtdiag will only work with dmidecode 1.8 and former.
• Prtdiag (same name, but different script, how confusing), a ksh script by Jens Elkner that displays system configuration and diagnostic information on Linux systems.
• Parse::DMIDecode, a perl module by Nicola Worthington offering an interface to DMI data in perl scripts.

The dmidecode code was copied and integrated into the following programs:

• Powertweak Linux, a hardware information gathering and Linux system tweaking tool.
• Lshw, a Linux hardware listing tool.
• hpmodel, part of the HP Management Base collection.
• The DMIDecode python module, by Nima Talebi.

Alternative implementations of a DMI table decoder:

• libsmbios
• PC Pitstop BIOS information utility (for DOS)
• SMBIOS Support for Solaris x86
• smbios-lib, an SMBIOS library for Rust programs, by Jeff Gerber
• dmidecode-rs, a reimplementation of dmidecode in Rust, using the library above, by Jeff Gerber