Tia: Waligimsim din be labiteei balibu ni.

Tia

organisms known by a particular common name, first-order class

Yaɣ sheli	woody plant, phanerophyte
Pahi la	phanerophyte, forest
This taxon is source of	wood
Ŋun bɔhim ŋa nyɛ	forestry science, dendrology

D-Class

Tia (tree)^[1] Tihi baŋsim bɔhimbu puuni, tia nyɛla perenial plane din mali wulli waɣila bee tiyɔɣu, din too zooi ka di nyɛla di sɔŋdi la wula mini vari. Bukaata shɛŋa ni, tii buɣisbu ni tooi bɛ yelimma, din nyɛ kpandili mɔɣu ka mali buyi zoobu, ti' shɛŋa be ni zaŋdi leeri taabo dari malila di dintooi buɣisbu. Buɣisiri shɛŋa din yɛlimmi ni, abe ti'shɛŋa din waɣ'pam, tree ferns, kɔdu tihi mini bamboos gba nyɛla tihi. Tihi pala monophyletic taxonomic group amaa di mali plants balibu balibu din yina di dintoli zuɣu trunk mini wula din kuli yɛn niŋ ka di du n gari plants shɛŋa din kpalim, n kpaɣri wuntaŋ zuɣu. Tihi balibu pam nyɛla angiosperms bee hardwoods; din kam kpalim maa mii puuni,di pam nyɛla gymnosperms bee softwoods. Tihi tooi yuuri pam biɛhigu puuni, shɛŋa tooi paari yuun' kɔbiga. Tihi yina mi kamani 370 milliion years ha, ka di kuli lahi buɣisi ni ti'shɛŋa din bi' ni tooi paai trillion diba ata duniya yaaŋa zuɣu ti ni ʒi saha shɛli ŋɔ. Tii malila secondary wul'bɔbigu, din nyɛ trunk ni sɔŋdi n wuɣiri ka chɛri tingbani, din mali woody tissues yaa zuɣu, ni vascular tissues din yɛn ʒiri materials tii maa yaɣ' shɛli n zaŋdi chani yaɣ'shɛli tii maa zuɣu. Tihi pam trunk malila pɔɣiri din nyɛ binshɛli din sɔŋdi guri trunk maa. Tingbani puuni, wula nyɛla din yɛrigira pam; dini n nyɛ din gbibi tii maa viɛnyɛla ka yihiri kɔm mini nutrients tankpaɣu puuni. Tingbani zuɣu, wula maa pirigila wul'bihi ni shoots. Shoots maa n nyɛ din yiri vari, din deeri light energy ka lebigiri shikuru ni so' shɛli din nyɛ photosynthesis, din nyɛ din leeri tihi maa bindirigu, din yɛn tahi zoosim na. Tihi malila seeds n reprodusira. Ti' shɛŋa din niŋdi flawaasi malila seeds din be bin wala ni, ka conifers mee seeds be cones puuni ka tii ferns mii produsiri spores. Tihi mali bukaata pam zaŋ kpa erosion mini climate baligibu. Di yihiri la carborndioxide atmosphere puuni ka gbubri carborn pam di tissues puuni. Tihi mini mɔɣini leeri biɛhigu shee n zaŋ ti binkɔb' shɛŋa n ti pahi plant shɛŋa. Tropical forest nyɛla din be biodiverse biɛhigu shɛhi duniya puuni. Tihi tiri mahim, ti bee be ni mali shɛli n mɛra, dari din yɛn zaŋ duɣi, ni binwɔla din nyɛ bindirigu, ka lahi mali bukaata shɛŋa dabam. Duniya yaɣa pam, mɔɣu boorimi , ka tihi gba ŋmara din yɛn yɛligu polo pukparilim tuma zuɣu.

Tihi din be anduniya, ka mani yuuni 2015 laasabu ni wuhi shɛm, paai tihi tiriliyɔŋ ata ni chɛnji, ka di puuni tihi paai tiriliyɔŋ yini ni chɛnji (kobigi puuni vaabu pihinahi ni ayobu) be tulim shɛhi, ka di tiriliyɔŋ 0.61 (kobigi puuni vaabu pishi) be mahim shee, ka di tiriliyɔŋ 0.76 (kobigi puuni vaabu pishi ni anahi) yɔɣu ni. Laasabu ŋɔ galisim gari laasubu din pun niŋ gari ʒii bunii zuɣu, ka di dumi tam tihi galisim zahimbu zaŋ yi polo tuhi kobisinahi zuɣu.Di ni tooi niŋ ka chirimbu bela be di ni, dama laasabu niŋbu jandi la Europe mini North America. Laasabu ŋɔ wuhiya, ni tihi ka mani biliyɔŋ pia ni anu n-nye bɛ ni ŋmari yuuni kulo kam ka sari tihi ka mani biliyɔŋ diba abu. Yuma tuhi pia ni ayi zuɣu, tum daadam kparilim biligu, anduniya zaa tihi booi ka mani vaabu pihinahi ni ayobu kobigi puuni (46%).^[2][3][4][5] Tihi balibu ka mani tuhi pihiyobu ni anahi ni kobigi n-nye din be anduniya zaa. Ka tihi ŋɔ pihinahi ni ata vaabu kobigi puuni, South America n-ye din mali ti’ bali bɔbigu, ka Eurasia paya ni (22%), Africa (16%), North America (15%), ni Oceania (11%).^[6]

Luɣi shɛŋa ŋan be viɛnyɛla, ka mani Daintree yɔɣu din be Queensland, bee podocarp mini mɔ' vari yɔɣu din be Ulva Island, New Zealand, tihi nyɛla din tooi beni, ka yaɣa shɛŋa ŋan yooi bahi ka mani mɔri tiŋgbani nyɛ mɔ’ waɣala ni deera, din gba tiri tihi soli ka di zoori hali ti namdi pata.^[7][8]

Maasim ni be yaɣa shɛŋa, mɔ’ koba n-zooi; tiŋ' shɛli di ni zooi northern hemisphere toondini polo, nyɛla din maha “taiga” bee northern mɔ’ koba yɔɣu (boreal yɔɣu).^[9][10] Taiga n-nye anduniya zaa tiŋgbani din galisi biome, ka di gbaai tihi polo ka mani vaabu pihita yin'ka kobigi puuni.^[11] Maasim saha din be toondini polo pala din mali bukaata ti tihi bee mɔri zoobu ka tihi mi simsi ni di zooi yom tulim saha di yi ti ka dabisili pa waɣa. Wuntaŋ niɛlinsi bi yaɣi laa di lɔŋ ni, di zuɣu di ni tooi niŋ ka mɔri bili tihi ŋɔ gbuna ni.^[12] Lala tatabo tihi nyɛla din be zoya zuɣu, luɣishɛŋa pɔhim ni che ka maasim beni ka di bi che ka lala saha maa yuura.^[13]

Luɣishɛli a ni nya ka saa mibu nyi yim saha kam, (tihi din mali vɔ' kara mini din gabi) nyɛla din mali tihi balibu ka mani oak, beech, birch ni maple.^[14] Yɔɣu sin be gum lahi nyɛla ŋan be southern hemisphere, kotomsi ka mani din be Eastern Australia temperate forest, ka di nahingbaŋ nye Eucalyptus tihi mini gɔhi tihi ni.^[15]

Tulim yaɣa shɛŋa ŋan mali mansoon nahingbana bee m-be, ka yuuni puli ni tulim saha taɣiri ni mahili saha ka mani Amazon yɔɣu ni, tihi balibu din mali vɔ'kara n-deeri di ni, ka di shɛŋa nye din vɔri zuuri ka labidi puhira.^[16] Yaɣa shɛŋa din tula ka ka saa bi miri pam tabiri sɔŋdi tihi ŋɔ, di bi zoori limdi taba, ka wuntaŋ nye din paari tiŋgbani ni, din nye mɔri ni chuchuri. Go’ tia mini chua nyɛla din pa bindi di ni viɛnyɛla.^[17]

Tihi wul' shɛŋa din be tingbani nyɛla din gbibi tii maa ʒaya ka lahi nyɛ di labisiri kɔm mini nutrients tingbani ni n zaŋ di tahiri tii maa luɣuli kam. Di lahi nyela tii yaɣ' shɛli din tahiri nama na, gubu, biɛhigu, energy gbubibu ni bukaata shɛŋa din pahi. Radicle bee embryonic wula n nyɛ tuuli seedling yaɣ' shɛli din yiri seeds ni na germination yi ti nyɛ din niŋda. Di nyɛla din lebigiri taproot, din nyɛ din chɛni tingbani ni. Bakɔi dibaashɛm sunsuuni, lateral robots gba yiri na di lɔɣa ni ka zooi n kpe tankpaɣu zuɣusaa. Tihi pam ni, taproots ŋɔ nyɛla din yiri ka chɛ wide spreading laterals. Zaŋ miri wula ŋɔ nangban kpaŋa, bɛ ni mi binshɛli single cell root hairs n nyɛ din biɛni. Din n nyɛ din kuli biɛ ni tankpaɣu puuni binyɛra ka ni tooi nyu kɔm mini nutrients kamani potassium solution puuni. Wula ŋɔ nyɛla din bɔri oxygen ni di vuhi amaa ti' balibu balibu biɛla n-ŋɔ kamani mangrove mini pond cypress( Taxodium ascendens) n ni tooi kuli bɛ yaɣ' shɛŋa din tankpaɣu nyɛ din kuli kpe kɔm pam.

• Russell, Tony; Cutler, Catherine (2003). The World Encyclopedia of Trees. Lorenz Books. ISBN 978-0-7548-1292-0.