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| ordo = [[Siluriformes]]
| familia = [[Loricariidae]]
| subfamilia = [[
| genus = '''''Hemiancistrus'''''
| genus_authority = [[Pieter Bleeker|Bleeker]], 1862
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| subdivision = See text.
|synonyms=
''Ancistomus'' <small>Isbrücker & Seidel
}}
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==Taxonomy==
''Hemiancistrus'' is a genus within the [[tribe (biology)|tribe]] [[Ancistrini]] of the [[scientific classification|subfamily]] [[Hypostominae]].<ref name=sabaji/> This genus has long been used as a sort of dump for Loricariid species; fish with unclear relationships have been classified to this genus. As such, this taxon is not [[monophyly|monophyletic]].<ref name=hemian/> At this point, many [[undescribed taxon|undescribed]] species remain.<ref name=hemian
This genus and the closely related ''[[Peckoltia]]'' may be [[synonym (taxonomy)|synonymous]], as neither genus is supported by [[synapomorphy|synapomorphies]].<ref name=sabaji>{{cite journal|url=http://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/2003f/zt00344.pdf|title=''Peckoltia sabaji'', a new species from the Guyana Shield (Siluriformes: Loricariidae)|last=Armbruster|first=Jonathan A.|journal=[[Zootaxa]]|volume=344|pages=1–12|year=2003|format=[[PDF]]}}</ref> ''Hemiancistrus'' species differ from other members of the ''[[Panaque]]'' [[cladistics|clade]] lacking the synapomorphies of the other genera and having the [[dentary|dentaries]] meeting at an angle greater than 120°; in ''Peckoltia'' species, the dentaries meet at less than 90°<ref name="Souza"/> Generally, ''Peckoltia'' are considered to be those that have dorsal saddles and bands in the fins, while ''Heminancistrus'' have spots and uniform coloration.<ref name=cavatica>{{cite journal|url=http://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/2005f/zt00882.pdf|title=''Peckoltia cavatica'', a new loricariid catfish from Guyana and a redescription of ''P. braueri'' (Eigenmann 1912) (Siluriformes)|last=Armbruster|first=Jonathan A.|coauthors=Werneke; David C.|journal=[[Zootaxa]]|volume=882|pages=1–14|year=2005|format=[[PDF]]}}</ref> Many species of ''Peckoltia'' may actually belong to ''Hemiancistrus''.<ref name=hemian/>
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===Species===
* ''[[Hemiancistrus aspidolepis]]'' <small>([[Albert Günther|Günther]], 1867)</small>▼
▲* ''[[Hemiancistrus cerrado]]'' <small>[[Lesley Sales de Souza|L. S. de Souza]], [[Marcelo Roberto Souto de Melo|M. R. S. de Melo]], [[Carine Cavalcante Chamon|Chamon]] & [[Jonathan W. Armbruster|Armbruster]], 2008</small><ref name="Souza">{{cite journal|first=Lesley S. de|last=Souza|coauthors=Melo, Marcelo R. S.; Chamon, Carine C.; Armbruster, Jonathan W.|journal=Neotropical Ichthyology|volume=6|issue=3|pages=419–424|year=2008|unused_data=A new species of ''Hemiancistrus'' from the rio Araguaia basin, Goiás state, Brazil (Siluriformes: Loricariidae)}}</ref>
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* ''[[Hemiancistrus fugleri]]'' <small>([[Michael M. Ovchynnyk|Ovchynnyk]], 1971)</small>▼
▲* ''[[Hemiancistrus guahiborum]]'' <small>[[David C. Werneke|Werneke]], [[Jonathan W. Armbruster|Armbruster]], [[Nathan Keller Lujan|Lujan]] & [[Donald Charles Taphorn Baechle|Taphorn]], 2005</small><ref name=guahi>{{cite journal|url=http://www.ufrgs.br/ni/vol3num4%5CNI_v3n4p543-548lowr.pdf|title=''Hemiancistrus guahiborum'', a new suckermouth armored catfish from Southern Venezuela (Siluriformes: Loricariidae)|last=Werneke|first=David C.|coauthors=Armbruster, Jonathan W.; Lujan, Nathan K.; Taphorn, Donald C.|journal=Neotropical Ichthyology|volume=3|issue=4|pages=543–548|year=2005|publisher=Sociedade Brasileira de Ictiologia|format=[[PDF]]|doi=10.1590/S1679-62252005000400012}}</ref>
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* ''[[Hemiancistrus holostictus]]'' <small>[[Charles Tate Regan|Regan]], 1913</small>▼
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▲* ''[[Hemiancistrus megalopteryx]]'' <small>[[Alexandre Rodrigues Cardoso|Cardoso]], 2004</small><ref name=megalop>{{cite journal|title=''Hemiancistrus megalopteryx'', a new species of loricariid catfish from the rio Tubarão drainage, Santa Catarina State, Brazil (Teleostei: Siluriformes: Loricariidae)|first=Alexandre R.|last=Cardoso|journal=Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwaters|volume=15|issue=2|pages=173–178}}</ref>
*
▲* ''[[Hemiancistrus meizospilos]]'' <small>[[Alexandre Rodrigues Cardoso|Cardoso]] & [[José Francisco Pezzi da Silva|J. F. P. da Silva]], 2004</small><ref name=twonew>{{cite journal|url=http://www.ufrgs.br/ni/vol2num1%5Cvol2_1_01a08_hemiancistrusLR.pdf|title=Two new species of the genus ''Hemiancistrus'' Bleeker (Teleostei: Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the upper rio Uruguai basin|first=Alexandre Rodrigues|last=Cardoso|coauthors=da Silva, José Francisco Pezzi|journal=Neotropical Ichthyology|volume=2|issue=1|pages=1–8|year=2004|format=[[PDF]]|doi=10.1590/S1679-62252004000100001}}</ref>
*
* ''[[Hemiancistrus panamensis]]'' <small>([[Carl H. Eigenmann|C. H. Eigenmann]], 1922)</small>▼
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▲* ''[[Hemiancistrus spinosissimus]]'' <small>[[Alexandre Rodrigues Cardoso|Cardoso]] & [[Paulo Henrique Franco Lucinda|Lucinda]], 2003</small>
▲* ''[[Hemiancistrus subviridis]]'' <small>[[David C. Werneke|Werneke]], [[Jonathan W. Armbruster|Armbruster]], [[Nathan Keller Lujan|Lujan]] & [[Donald Charles Taphorn Baechle|Taphorn]], 2005</small><ref name=subviridis>{{cite journal|url=http://silurus.acnatsci.org/ACSI/participants/profiles/Sabaj/pdfs/Werneke_etal2005.pdf|title=''Baryancistrus demantoides'' and ''Hemiancistrus subviridis'', two new uniquely colored species of catfishes from Venezuela (Siluriformes: Loricariidae)|first=David C.|last=Werneke|coauthors=Sabaj, Mark H.; Lujan, Nathan K.; Armbruster, Jonathan W.|journal=Neotropical Ichthyology|volume=3|issue=4|pages=533–542|year=2005|publisher=Sociedade Brasileira de Ictiologia|format=[[PDF]]|doi=10.1590/S1679-62252005000400011}}</ref>
▲* ''[[Hemiancistrus votouro]]'' <small>[[Alexandre Rodrigues Cardoso|Cardoso]] & [[José Francisco Pezzi da Silva|J. F. P. da Silva]], 2004</small><ref name=twonew/>
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==Distribution and habitat==
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