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Stephanie McMahon

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Stephanie McMahon Levesque[3][4] (born Stephanie Marie McMahon; September 24, 1976)[1] is an American corporate executive who is a minority owner and Chief Brand Officer of WWE.[4][5][6] She is also a professional wrestling valet and occasional wrestler. She is the daughter of WWE Chairman and CEO Vince McMahon and CEO and United States Senate candidate Linda McMahon, the younger sister of Shane McMahon, and wife of WWE wrestler and executive vice president Triple H. Stephanie is also the only 4th generation superstar/diva in the WWE.

Stephanie McMahon
Born
Stephanie Marie McMahon

(1976-09-24) September 24, 1976 (age 48)
Hartford, Connecticut
Occupation(s)Chief brand officer of WWE
Professional wrestler
Years active1999–present
SpouseTriple H m. (2003–present)
Children3
Ring name(s)Stephanie McMahon[1]
Stephanie McMahon-Helmsley[1]
Billed height5 ft 9 in (1.75 m) [1]
Billed weight135 lb (61 kg) [1]
Billed fromGreenwich, Connecticut
DebutSeptember 20, 1999

McMahon began appearing regularly on WWE in 1999 as a part of a storyline with The Undertaker. After a brief on-screen relationship with Test, she was engaged to Triple H—whom she married both on-screen and later in real life—which resulted in the McMahon-Helmsley Faction storyline. She has held the WWF Women's Championship once. In 2001, she was the on-screen owner of Extreme Championship Wrestling during The Invasion. The following year, she was the SmackDown General Manager, but stopped appearing regularly on television after an "I Quit" match with her father Vince.

After only making sporadic appearances for several years, McMahon began appearing regularly on Raw in 2008 as the Raw brand general manager before disappearing once again. By mid-2013, McMahon returned to regular on-air appearances in the WWE, this time under the gimmick of an unctuous, judgmental owner along with on-screen COO husband Triple H. Together as a power couple known as "The Authority," they make what are often shady decrees while claiming only to be concerned for "what's best for business," all the while romanticizing each other in the process with public displays of affection.

Early life

Born on September 24, 1976 in Hartford, Connecticut to Linda and Vince McMahon,[7] Stephanie Marie McMahon appeared at the age of 13 in World Wrestling Federation (WWF) merchandise catalogs, modeling T-shirts and hats.[8] Later, McMahon attended Boston University, where she earned a degree in Communications.[9] After graduating in 1998, she began working for the WWF full-time.[10]

World Wrestling Federation/Entertainment

Relationship with Test (1999)

In early 1999, at the suggestion of WWF writer Vince Russo,[11] McMahon debuted as the sweet and innocent daughter of Vince McMahon during an on-screen storyline involving Vince and The Undertaker.[12] The Undertaker stalked and abducted McMahon, culminating in almost marrying her in the middle of the ring before being rescued by Stone Cold Steve Austin.[13]

McMahon then began an on-screen relationship with wrestler Test, which led to a rivalry between him and her older brother Shane.[14] After Test defeated Shane at SummerSlam in a "Love Her Or Leave Her Match",[15] McMahon and Test went on to team together in a match on September 20, 1999, with the couple defeating Jeff Jarrett and Debra.[16] The couple were eventually engaged, but during the in-ring ceremony, Triple H showed a video which revealed that he had drugged McMahon and taken her to Las Vegas, Nevada where they were married in a drive-through ceremony.[17][18] McMahon seemed to abhor Triple H at first, but eventually revealed that she had sided with him and that the wedding was real—a revenge plot against her father for the aforementioned kidnappings, thus turning her into a villain.[18][19]

McMahon-Helmsley era (2000–2001)

Main article: McMahon-Helmsley Faction
 
McMahon as WWF Women's Champion at King of the Ring in 2000.

In 2000, with Vince McMahon absent as a result of injuries inflicted upon him by Triple H at the Armageddon event in 1999, Triple H and McMahon became the on-screen owners of the WWF, a period known as the "McMahon-Helmsley Era" and dominated by the McMahon-Helmsley Faction.[20] Triple H held the WWF Championship and McMahon held the WWF Women's Championship after defeating champion Jacqueline with the help of Tori and D-Generation X on the March 28 edition of SmackDown![21] On the June 6 edition of SmackDown, McMahon successfully defended her title against Lita and on the 16 edition of SmackDown.[22] Stephanie reconciled with her father and brother at WrestleMania 2000 when they helped Triple H defend his title against The Rock, leaving Linda McMahon as the only fan-favorite in the McMahon family.[23]

In late 2000, a love triangle storyline began featuring McMahon, Triple H and Kurt Angle.[24] The storyline continued at Unforgiven when Triple H defeated Angle with a Pedigree following a low blow from McMahon, proving her loyalty to him.[25] McMahon later became Angle's manager and was in his corner when he defeated The Rock for the WWF Championship at No Mercy.[26] The alliance was short lived, however, as after The Rock performed his Rock Bottom maneuver on McMahon at No Mercy, Triple H attacked Angle, considering it his fault that McMahon was hurt due to her managing Angle at the time.[27] On the August 21, 2000 episode of Raw, McMahon lost the WWF's Women's Championship to Lita despite the interferences from Angle and Triple H after the special referee performed a spinebuster on McMahon.[28]

The internal disputes between the McMahons led to Linda McMahon being in a comatose and wheel-chair bound state due to the stress of being asked for a divorce by Vince, who took the opportunity to have a public affair with Trish Stratus.[29][30] McMahon briefly feuded with Stratus, defeating her at No Way Out.[31] Over the next few weeks, Vince made it clear that he favored McMahon over Stratus, allowing McMahon to bully and verbally abuse Stratus.[30] At WrestleMania X-Seven, Shane McMahon defeated Vince in a street fight.[30] During the match, Stratus slapped Vince and chased Stephanie from ringside, apparently upset with Vince's constant misogynistic treatment of her.[29][30]

The Invasion and divorce (2001–2002)

Main articles: The Invasion and The Alliance

McMahon later revealed that she had purchased Extreme Championship Wrestling and intended to bankrupt the WWF (in reality, the ownership of ECW assets at this time was highly disputed), along with her brother Shane, who had become the on-screen owner of World Championship Wrestling (WCW), and the two rosters merged to form a "supergroup" known as The Alliance.[14][32]

Her team "the Alliance" consisting of her brother Shane, former WCW Champion Booker T., Rob Van Dam, Kurt Angle and Steve Austin was defeated by "Team WWF" consisting of The Undertaker, Kane, Big Show, Chris Jericho & The Rock at the Survivor Series in a five-on-five, Winner Takes All elimination match.[33] The night after The Alliance was defeated, Shane and McMahon were banished from WWF television.[34] McMahon returned in January 2002 when Triple H made a comeback as a fan-favorite, but the good couple began having problems, as McMahon began acting like a nagging and clingy wife.[18] As part of the storyline, the couple "divorced" after McMahon claimed to be pregnant in order to trick Triple H into renewing their marital vows.[35] Triple H later discovered that she was lying through a phone call from Linda McMahon and left her at the altar during the renewal ceremony.[36] As a result, after Triple H won the Royal Rumble, McMahon appointed herself special guest referee in a match between Kurt Angle and Triple H at No Way Out with Triple H's WrestleMania WWF Undisputed Champion shot on the line.[36] Though Angle won thanks to McMahon's biased officiating,[37] Triple H defeated him the next night to regain his title shot.[38] McMahon then aligned herself with former enemy, Chris Jericho.[14][38] Despite interference by McMahon, Jericho lost to Triple H at WrestleMania X8 on March 17.[39] On the March 25 episode of Raw, Jericho and McMahon lost to Triple H in a Triple Threat match for the Undisputed Championship, with the stipulation that, if McMahon was pinned, she would be forced to leave the WWF; In the match, Triple H pinned McMahon.[40]

General manager of SmackDown (2002–2003)

 
McMahon in 2003.

On July 18, 2002, McMahon returned to the WWF (renamed WWE following a lawsuit from the World Wildlife Fund) as the General Manager of SmackDown!.[41] In contrast to her McMahon-Helmsley era villain character, Stephanie became a fan favorite, as she began to favor fan favorite wrestlers at that time. She feuded with Raw General Manager Eric Bischoff throughout 2002, though the enemies inexplicably shared a kiss at a Halloween party in which McMahon was dressed as a witch and Bischoff was disguised as her father underneath a mask.[42] McMahon was given credit for the return of the WWE United States Championship and for the creation of the WWE Tag Team Championship.[43] She was also credited with signing Hulk Hogan back to SmackDown!, which caused friction between herself and her father.[44]

Meanwhile, Vince McMahon began to resent Stephanie's attempts to stop him from pursuing an affair with Sable.[45] The feud culminated in the first ever "Father–Daughter 'I Quit' match" at No Mercy.[46][47] McMahon was accompanied by her mother, the CEO of WWE Linda McMahon, and Sable accompanied Vince McMahon in their match.[46] McMahon lost when Linda, at ringside threw in a towel on her behalf because Vince would not release a choke he had on her with a lead pipe.[46] As a result of losing the match, McMahon disappeared from WWE television for two years. The match was made to write Stephanie out of storylines as she was marrying Paul "Triple H" Levesque that week.[48]

Sporadic appearances (2005–2007)

McMahon returned as a villain once again in October 2005, she, along with her father and, in a surprise twist, her mother fired Raw announcer Jim Ross.[49] A visibly pregnant McMahon also returned on the March 6, 2006 episode of Raw, approaching Shawn Michaels backstage and claiming to have abdominal pains.[50] When Michaels left to get her some water, McMahon pulled out an unmarked substance out of her brassiere and poured it into his bottle of water.[50] This substance caused him to become groggy during his match against Shane later in the night, which he lost as a result.[50] McMahon also appeared at the WWE Hall of Fame induction ceremony on April 1, 2006 and in a backstage vignette with her immediate family at WrestleMania 22.[51]

McMahon returned during a backstage segment in April 2007 at WrestleMania 23, visiting her father before his "Battle of the Billionaires" match.[52] After her father returned to Raw after faking his own death,[53] McMahon publicly revealed that her father had an illegitimate child, who was among the WWE roster.[54] On the taped edition of Raw that aired September 3, 2007, McMahon, along with her mother Linda and her brother Shane, made several appearances to confront Mr. McMahon about the child, who was later revealed to be Hornswoggle, turning into a fan favourite.[55] On Raw's 15 Year Anniversary episode, she appeared along with Shane in a segment—also involving her father Vince and Hornswoggle—which ended with her kissing her real life husband Triple H, to humiliate her father on Raw.[56]

General manager of Raw (2008–2009)

See also: The Legacy versus the McMahons

After the severe injuries sustained by Vince on the June 23 3-hour edition of Raw, Shane appeared requesting for the Raw Superstars to stand together during what was a 'turbulent time'.[57][58] Shane's plea was ignored, and subsequently, for the next two weeks, McMahon and Shane urged the superstars to show solidarity.[59][60] The following week, Shane announced Mike Adamle as their choice to be the new Raw General Manager.[61]

After Adamle stepped down as General Manager, Stephanie soon became in charge of the brand and (reignited her feud) and had altercations with Chris Jericho in the following weeks, which involved her firing him (although he was later reinstated).[62] After her father Vince returned, the family began a feud with Randy Orton, who began the storyline by punting Vince in the head.[63] After a few weeks of feuding, Orton and his alliance, The Legacy, punted Shane in the head and performed an RKO on McMahon.[64] Following the attack, he was chased out of the ring by Triple H, who is her real-life husband.[64] The rivalry between Orton and The Legacy against Triple H and the McMahons continued at WrestleMania XXV, where Triple H defended the WWE Championship against Orton.[65] The following month, Orton won the championship at Backlash.[66] After Backlash McMahon left Raw and took a hiatus from WWE television.

Sporadic appearances (2010–2013)

McMahon appeared on the November 1 episode of Monday Night Raw in a pre-taped segment, where she dreams that Vince McMahon awoke from a coma after his doctor, played by actor and one-time WWE employee Freddie Prinze Jr., informed him that his wife Linda had invested millions in her campaign as she runs for senate.[1] Vince's heart rate elevated more and more as Prinze informed him on what was "wrong" with WWE since he went into a coma.[1] After beginning to feel better, Vince realizes that he has a serious case of "the runs", in which he gets out of bed and walks to the bathroom, in which he is covered in campaign signs, that block his backside.[1] McMahon suddenly wakes up from her dream and asks her husband, Triple H (off-screen and voice work only), if Vince was still in a coma, in which Triple H replies that Vince and the doctors believed that he was brain dead; McMahon responds by saying "thank God," and then lays back down.

McMahon made an appearance as a guest speaker at the WrestleMania XXVII Press Conference.[1] Several months later, she appeared in a backstage segment at SummerSlam to wish CM Punk luck in his match.[1] Upon offering to shake his hand, Punk declined and insulted her: "I would, but... I know where that hand's been."[1] The following night on Raw, McMahon appeared backstage with CM Punk and threatened him: "...in the end, people always get what they deserve."[1]

On July 23, 2012, McMahon made an appearance on the 1000th episode of Monday Night Raw where she confronted and then slapped Paul Heyman to convince him to accept a match between Brock Lesnar and Triple H at SummerSlam.[1] On April 6, 2013, McMahon inducted former on-screen rival Trish Stratus into the WWE Hall of Fame.[67]

The Authority; feud with Daniel Bryan and Brie Bella (2013–present)

Main article: The Authority (professional wrestling)
 
Stephanie McMahon, Triple H, Kane and Randy Orton form "The Authority".

On the June 3 Raw, McMahon made an appearance as to reveal her decision not to allow Triple H to compete that night.[68] On the June 17 Raw, McMahon confronted new Divas Champion AJ Lee.[69] On the July 8 Raw, McMahon fired Vickie Guerrero from the position of Raw Managing Supervisor when the WWE Universe voted "Failed" during Guerrero's Job evaluation.[70]

On the August 19 edition of Raw, Stephanie turned heel when she interrupted Daniel Bryan and supported the actions of her husband at SummerSlam the previous night, telling Bryan that he wasn't suitable to be the face of the company. Later in the night Stephanie stood beside Triple H and her father as they celebrated Randy Orton's WWE Championship Coronation, during which Daniel Bryan was attacked by The Shield and subsequently by Randy Orton. At the slammy awards Randy Orton and John Cena brawled in the ring and everyone pulled them apart. Randy pushed CM Punk away, which caused Punk to attack Randy. Triple H threw Punk to the ground, which then caused Punk to attack Triple H, knocking him down. Shawn Michaels proceeded to Superkick CM Punk, which caused Daniel Bryan to kick Shawn Michaels in the head. Randy Orton tried RKOing Daniel Bryan, but Daniel Bryan pushed him away and Orton barged into Stephanie, inadvertently knocking her down. Triple H saw and thought he had RKO'ed her again and Pedigreed him. Stephanie was at ringside when Triple H lost to Daniel Bryan at WrestleMania XXX.

When The Shield attacked WWE COO Triple H in his WWE World Heavyweight Championship match against Daniel Bryan. Stephanie suggested that Triple H, Batista and Randy Orton should band together and reform Evolution to take out The Shield. On the 28 April edition of Raw, Stephanie apologized to Daniel Bryan and Brie Bella for an attack from Kane the previous week. To show she was sorry she granted Brie a Divas Championship match against Paige. The match would end in no contest when Kane came out and attempted to kidnap Brie, provoking a feud between Stephanie and Brie in the process.[71]

Business career

Early Career

McMahon entered WWE as a model, for WWE Sales and merchandise, but started her WWE career as an Account Executive for the WWE sales office in New York.[4][5] In her early years with the company, she did reception work, creative design, television production, and acted as a ring performer.[72] After spending time as the director of creative writing, a job she had by 2002,[72] she was promoted to Senior Vice President of Creative Writing in 2006. Dean Moloney send message to WWE!

Executive Vice-president

McMahon was promoted to executive vice president of Creative in 2007. She was responsible for overseeing the creative process (Storylines) for all television and pay-per-view programming. She oversaw all aspects of talent management and branding as well as live event booking and marketing, as well as all social and digital media properties.[73] Stephanie was named a member of the Board of Directors for the social media company Tout and became a board member of the USO Metropolitan Washington in 2011. [1]

Accomplishments as EVP

As Executive vice-president, Creative she was able to spearhead the upbringing of the WWE app, which has been downloaded over 11million ttimes. She was also able to launch a huge partnership with the USO metropolitan Washington, the social media company Tout, and was able to partner with Yahoo to bring WWE content.[74] Stephanie also lead WWE's Creative coalition for their Anti Bullying Campaigns. In addition to her duties, she was responsible for the day-to-day operations for WWE.com.

Chief Brand Officer

On December 4, 2013 WWE announced the promotion of Stephanie to Chief Brand Officer, where she will now lead efforts to further enhance WWE's brand reputation among key constituents including advertisers, media, business partners, and investors. McMahon will also serve as the lead ambassador of WWE and work with business units to support key growth initiatives. Stephanie will also lead WWE's targeted youth and moms marketing programs.

Accomplishments as CBO

So far under Stephanie's new position she was able to spearhead the continued partnership with General Mills Totino's brand. [2] On February 5, 2014, Stephanie McMahon along with CMO and CRO Michelle Wilson announced a partnership between WWE and KaBOOM! to build a playground for WWE's annual Wrestlemania week in Louisiana. Stephanie is also known as "the boss" of all current WWE ambassadors which includes Shawn Michaels and Hulk Hogan.

Personal life

 
Stephanie with her husband Paul "Triple H" Levesque.

McMahon got breast implants in July 2001.[75] In an October 2001 interview, her mother Linda commented on her daughter's enhancement, saying, "My first concerns are always with health issues. Stephanie had thoroughly investigated the procedure, and she had answers to all the questions that I asked, and so I felt comfortable that if that was something that she wanted to do, then she should proceed, and she had my full support."[76] During her October 2002 appearance on The Howard Stern Show, McMahon stated that she was contemplating getting an even larger set of implants because she had recently lost weight at the time, thereby making them smaller.[77]

She has also been accused of having initiated the firing of Joanie "Chyna" Laurer, who left the WWE in 2001.[78] Laurer, who was romantically involved with Paul "Triple H" Levesque for several years, claimed her departure was not due to pay, but because McMahon wanted her out of the company.[78] Laurer claimed that during her relationship with Triple H, McMahon had an affair with him and stole him away from her.[78] McMahon and Levesque were dating in 2000 during their scripted romance, and they were engaged on Valentine's Day in 2003.[79] In a radio interview with Opie and Anthony in 2004, Triple H claimed that he began dating McMahon after being apart from Chyna for some time.[80] The couple were married on October 25, 2003.[81] After their marriage, Stephanie took her husband's surname and legally changed her middle name to 'McMahon'.[3][82]

She and Levesque have three daughters together.[83] On January 8, 2006, WWE announced that McMahon and Levesque were expecting their first child, due on July 27, 2006.[84] McMahon continued to work and travel with WWE throughout her pregnancy, giving birth to an 8 lb, 7 oz (3.8 kg) girl, Aurora Rose Levesque, on July 24, 2006.[85] The couple had their second child, a daughter named Murphy Claire Levesque, on July 28, 2008,[86] and welcomed their third daughter, Vaughn Evelyn Levesque, on August 24, 2010.[87]

According to McMahon's official Twitter account, she is a Pittsburgh Steelers fan.[88]

McMahon earned a combined salary of over $775,000 between her corporate role and as an on-screen talent in 2013. She also owns over $77 million in WWE stock.[6]

Other media

McMahon has appeared on The Howard Stern Show, Jimmy Kimmel Live!, and Opie and Anthony. In May 2000, Stephanie appeared at the WBCN River Rave on-stage with friend, Cali, to introduce Godsmack and sign autographs in the festival area. In November 2001, McMahon appeared on a special episode of NBC's The Weakest Link where WWF personalities competed against each other for their respective charities. She made it to the final two but lost to Triple H.[89] On August 14, 2005, McMahon along with Stacy Keibler, appeared on the season five finale of MTV's Punk'd, where she assisted with the prank played on Triple H.[90]

On March 28, 2009, McMahon appeared alongside her mother on BNN's The Market Morning Show. McMahon as well has made several appearances on various ESPN shows. On November 11, 2009, McMahon appeared on an episode of Food Network's Dinner: Impossible alongside the WWE wrestler Big Show. In October 2013, Stephanie became the honorary chairperson for the special Olympics of Connecticut. Stephanie has also been in some WWE Games, mainly the SmackDown! vs. RAW series, and currently 2K's newest and first wrestling game, WWE 2K14. McMahon has made infrequent appearances in the first season of the E! television series Total Divas. On April, 23rd Linda McMahon did a special interviewing series with her daughter Stephanie, the interview was based on the topic "Women can have it all".

In wrestling

Championships and accomplishments

Job titles

Responsible for leading WWE's effort's and brand reputation among key constituencies including investors, media, business partners, and advertisers. As well as marketing mom and kids initiatives.[96]
Responsible for the creative development for all of WWE television including live and televised events and pay per views, as well as event bookings, Stephanie also served as a backstage producer/director.
Responsible for overseeing the creative writing process, development, and management of WWE creative team.
  • Director, Creative Television - 2002-2006
Responsible for the creative design, plans, and initiatives for WWE television.

References

Notes

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  68. ^ "Raw results: The McMahons unite against Triple H, Daniel Bryan runs rampant and Curtis Axel strikes again". WWE.com. June 3, 2013. Retrieved July 10, 2013.
  69. ^ "Raw results: Bryan goes ballistic backstage, Henry "retires" and Brock brings the pain to Punk". WWE.com. June 17, 2013. Retrieved July 10, 2013.
  70. ^ "Raw results: The Wyatt Family arrives and a new GM is crowned publisher=WWE.com". July 8, 2013. Retrieved July 10, 2013. {{cite web}}: Missing pipe in: |title= (help)
  71. ^ http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/general/wwe-mma-wrestling/wwe-raw-results-nature-boy-stirs-the-pot-ahead-of-colossal-clash-at-extreme-rules-between-evolution-and-the-shield-9299968.html
  72. ^ a b c Lefko, Perry (March 15, 2002). "King of the Ring". SLAM! Wrestling. Retrieved November 23, 2008.
  73. ^ WWE Corporate - Executive Team Bios - Stephanie McMahon
  74. ^ http://www.wwe.com/videos/stephanie-mcmahon-and-big-show-announce-the-partnership-between-wwe-and-yahoo-26112015
  75. ^ Oppliger, Patrice A. Wrestling and Hypermasculinity, 23.
  76. ^ Mates, Seth (October 2001). "Interview with Linda McMahon". World Wrestling Entertainment. Archived from the original on November 3, 2001. Retrieved March 13, 2007.
  77. ^ "Stephanie recap on Howard Stern". Lords of Pain. October 17, 2002. Archived from the original on September 8, 2005. Retrieved March 13, 2007.
  78. ^ a b c Lilsboy (May 2005). "The truth about Chyna". The Sun. London. Retrieved May 1, 2012.
  79. ^ Madigan, TJ (March 6, 2003). "Dreams of a rejuvenated Raw". SLAM! Wrestling. Retrieved November 23, 2008.
  80. ^ "Triple H talks about Chyna".
  81. ^ Miscellaneous Wrestler Profiles—Online World Of Wrestling
  82. ^ "Stephanie says Vince taught her to 'eat sh**', singer discusses his son signing with WWE, Hall of Famer relaunches website and more". PWInsider. Retrieved April 15, 2014.
  83. ^ "Daughter who hit Linda Mcmahon in WWE ring now in a tv spot". US News and World Report. Retrieved October 28, 2010.
  84. ^ "Expecting Parents". World Wrestling Entertainment. Retrieved January 8, 2006.
  85. ^ "It's a girl". World Wrestling Entertainment. Retrieved July 26, 2006.
  86. ^ "Stephanie Gives Birth". OWOW.com. August 1, 2008. Retrieved August 1, 2009.
  87. ^ "Heavy Muscle Radio/Access Bodybuilding: (1-3-11):TRIPLE H! Plus, Dr. Scott Connelly!". http://rxmuscle.com. Retrieved January 3, 2011. {{cite web}}: External link in |publisher= (help)
  88. ^ https://twitter.com/StephMcMahon
  89. ^ Benner, Eric (November 16, 2001). "WWF shows strength on The Weakest Link". SLAM! Wrestling. Retrieved November 23, 2008.
  90. ^ "Avril Lavigne, Shaq, and Triple H". Punk'd. Season 5. Episode 8. August 14, 2005. MTV. {{cite episode}}: Unknown parameter |serieslink= ignored (|series-link= suggested) (help)
  91. ^ "Stephanie McMahon's WWE alumni profile". WWE. Retrieved May 17, 2012.
  92. ^ "Wrestling Information Archive - Pro Wrestling Illustrated Award Winners - Woman of the Year". Pro Wrestling Illustrated. Archived from the original on January 3, 2011. Retrieved July 18, 2007.
  93. ^ "Wrestling Information Archive - Pro Wrestling Illustrated Award Winners - Feud of the Year". Pro Wrestling Illustrated. Archived from the original on July 7, 2011. Retrieved July 19, 2007.
  94. ^ Pro Wrestling Illustrated. 34 (2): 34–35. 2014. {{cite journal}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  95. ^ Pro Wrestling Illustrated. 34 (2): 38–39. 2014. {{cite journal}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  96. ^ http://corporate.wwe.com/company/bios/s_mcmahon_levesque.jsp

Citations

  • Guttman, James (2006). World Wrestling Insanity: The Decline and Fall of a Family Empire. ECW Press. ISBN 1-55022-728-9.
  • Keith, Scott (2006). Wrestling's Made Men: Breaking the WWE's Glass Ceiling. Citadel Press. ISBN 0-8065-2771-4.
  • Keith, Scott (2004). Wrestling's One Ring Circus: The Death of the World Wrestling Federation. Citadel Press. ISBN 0-8065-2619-X.
  • Oppliger, Patrice A. (2004). Wrestling and Hypermasculinity. McFarland. ISBN 0-7864-1692-0.
  • Peterson Kaelberer, Angie (2003). The McMahons: Vince McMahon and Family. Capstone Press. ISBN 0-7368-2143-0.
 
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