View source for HNLMS Krakatau

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{|{{Infobox ship begin}}
{{Infobox ship image
|Ship image=File:Hr._Ms._Krakatau.jpg
|Ship image size=
|Ship caption= ''Krakatau'' capsized in 1932
}}
{{Infobox ship career
|Hide header=
|Ship country=Netherlands
|Ship flag={{shipboxflag|Netherlands|naval}}
|Ship name=''Krakatau''
|Ship namesake=[[Krakatoa|Krakatau]]
|Ship operator={{navy|Netherlands}}
|Ship ordered=
|Ship builder=Marine Etablissement te Soerabaja
|Ship laid down=3 February 1923
|Ship launched=2 February 1924
|Ship acquired= 
|Ship commissioned= 11 December 1924
|Ship decommissioned= 
|Ship in service=
|Ship out of service=
|Ship struck=
|Ship reinstated=
|Ship identification=
|Ship fate= Scuttled on 8 March 1942
|Ship honours=
|Ship notes=
|Ship badge=
}}
{{Infobox ship characteristics
|Hide header=
|Header caption=<ref name="Mark98">Mark (1997), p. 98.</ref>
|Ship type=[[Minelayer]]
|Ship displacement={{cvt|982|t|LT}}
|Ship length={{cvt|65|m|ftin}}
|Ship beam={{convert|10.5|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
|Ship draught={{convert|3.2|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
|Ship draft=
|Ship propulsion= *1 Propeller
*{{cvt|2500|hp}}
*1 x Triple expansion engine
|Ship speed={{convert|15.5|kn}}
|Ship range=
|Ship endurance=
|Ship complement=
|Ship sensors=
|Ship EW=
|Ship armament= *2 x 7.5 cm [[cannon]]s
*4 x 12.7 mm [[machine gun]]s
*150 [[Naval mine|mines]]
|Ship armor=
|Ship crew =91 
|Ship aircraft=
|Ship aircraft facilities=
|Ship boats=
|Ship notes=
}}
|}

'''HNLMS ''Krakatau''''' was a [[minelayer]] of the [[Royal Netherlands Navy]] (RNN).<ref name="Münching68">von Münching (1978), p. 68.</ref> She was built in the [[Dutch East Indies]] and served between 1924 and 1942 in the RNN.<ref>Raven (1988), p. 181.</ref>

== Design and construction ==
''Krakatau'' was laid down on 3 February 1923 and launched on 2 February 1924 at the Marine Etablissement te Soerabaja (MES).<ref name="Mark98" /><ref>{{cite news |author=<!--not stated--> |date=4 February 1924|title= Terwaterlating van een Mijnenlegger. |url=https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010277211:mpeg21:a0130 |work= De Indische Courant | language=Dutch|location= |access-date=}}</ref> The ship was designed by the Dutch engineer R. O. Leegstra.<ref>{{cite news |author=<!--not stated--> |date=13 October 1942|title= De "Krakatau" |url=https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010220120:mpeg21:a0012 |work= Het nieuws van den dag voor Nederlandsch-Indië | language=Dutch|location= |access-date=}}</ref> After passing its [[sea trial]]s in October 1924 ''Krakatau'' was commissioned on 11 December 1924.<ref name="Mark98" /><ref>{{cite news |author=<!--not stated--> |date=22 October 1924|title= De mijnenlegger "Krakatau" |url=https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:110562831:mpeg21:a0071 |work= [[De Telegraaf]] | language=Dutch|location= |access-date=}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |author=<!--not stated--> |date=20 October 1924|title= De Nieuwe mijnenlegger |url=https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=MMKB19:000428046:mpeg21:a00052 |work= Algemeen handelsblad voor Nederlandsch-Indië | language=Dutch|location= |access-date=}}</ref> While the ship passed its sea trials, it did share a common flaw with other ships built at the MES at the time, namely stability problems.<ref name="Roetering22">Roetering (1997), p. 22.</ref> To counter this problem permanent [[ballast]] was added to the ''Krakatau'', however, it did not manage to completely fix the stability problem of the ship.<ref name="Bataviaasch14101932">{{cite news |author=<!--not stated--> |date=14 October 1932|title= De "Krakatau": De vermoedelijke oorzaak.|url=https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:011073200:mpeg21:a0074 |work= Bataviaasch Nieuwsblad | language=Dutch|location= |access-date=}}</ref>

== Service history ==
On 11 October 1932 ''Krakatau'' [[capsized]] in the Oostervaarwater near [[Soerabaja]].<ref name="Münching68" /><ref>{{cite news |author=<!--not stated--> |date=12 October 1932|title= De mijnenlegger "Krakatau" omgeslagen.|url=https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010735610:mpeg21:a0057 |work= Nieuwsblad van Friesland | language=Dutch|location= |access-date=}}</ref> At the time the ship was doing a speed related exercise when it began taking water.<ref name="AHNI13101932">{{cite news |author=<!--not stated--> |date=13 October 1932|title= De mijnenlegger "Krakatau" omgeslagen: Een bijzonder gelukkige afloop zonder slachtoffers.|url=https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=MMKB19:000453093:mpeg21:p00002 |work= Algemeen handelsblad voor Nederlandsch-Indië | language=Dutch|location= |access-date=}}</ref> It was theorized that this was the result of leaving the mine doors at the rear of the ship open.<ref name="Roetering22" /><ref name="Bataviaasch14101932" /> The increasing speed during the exercise would have led to high waves that would land on the rear of the ship, which could pour inside through the open doors.<ref name="Bataviaasch14101932" /><ref name="AHNI13101932" /> Eventually the water inside the ship gathered at one side of the ship and it slowly capsized.<ref name="Roetering22" /> On 4 December 1932 ''Krakatau'' was re-floated and towed to the MES.<ref>{{cite news |author=<!--not stated--> |date=6 December 1932|title= De "Krakatau": Naar Soerabaja gesleept |url=https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=MMNHA03:179122005:mpeg21:a00037 |work= Nieuwe Haarlemsche Courant | language=Dutch|location= |access-date=}}</ref> There it was determined that the ship had taken minimal damage and would be fully repaired.<ref>{{cite news |author=<!--not stated--> |date=27 December 1932|title= De "Krakatau": Wordt volledig hersteld |url=https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010663910:mpeg21:a0355 |work= [[Algemeen Handelsblad]] | language=Dutch|location= |access-date=}}</ref> The next year, on 4 September 1933, ''Krakatau'' was taken back into service.<ref name="Mark99">Mark (1997), p. 99.</ref>

=== Second World War ===
Between 19 and 20 February 1942 ''Krakatau'' acted as a [[motor torpedo boat tender]] for a division of [[motor torpedo boat]]s and took part in the [[Battle of Badung Strait]].<ref name="Münching68" /> Shortly after the battle the ship provided [[gasoline]] to motor torpedo boats in the Pangpang Baai.<ref name="Bosscher268">Bosscher (1986), p. 268.</ref> During this time it managed to stay hidden and unharmed, even when Japanese scouts and bombers flew over, as a result of its carefully applied [[camouflage]].<ref name="Bosscher268" />

On 8 March 1942 ''Krakatau'' was [[Scuttling|scuttled]] by its crew 500 meters from the [[dock]]{{efn|name=Steiger}} of the Pyrotechnische Werkplaatsen in the Westervaarwater near Batoe Porron in [[Madoera]].<ref name="Münching68" /><ref name="Mark99" /> The ship was scuttled because there was not enough oil to make the journey to an Allied port and it was determined that it had not much fighting value as a warship.<ref name="Bosscher335">Bosscher (1986), p. 335.</ref> Afterwards the crew of the ship left for Kamal to continue the battle on land against the Japanese.<ref name="Roetering22" />

==Notes==
{{notes
| notes =
{{efn
| name = Steiger
| In Dutch it is described as [[:nl:Steiger (haven)|steiger]].<ref name="Bosscher335" />
}}
}}

===Citations===
{{reflist}}

==References==
*{{cite book |last=Mark |first=Chris |date=1997 |title=Schepen van de Koninklijke Marine in W.O. II |language=Dutch|edition= |url= |location=Alkmaar |publisher=De Alk |page= |isbn=90-6013-522-9}}
*{{cite book |last=von Münching |first=L.L. |date=1978 |title=Schepen van de Koninklijke Marine in de Tweede Wereldoorlog |language=Dutch|edition= |url= |location=Alkmaar |publisher=Alk |page= |isbn=90-6013-903-8}}
*{{cite book |last=Bosscher |first=Ph.M. |date=1986 |title=De Koninklijke Marine in de Tweede Wereldoorlog|language=Dutch|volume=2: Indië tot en met 8 maart 1942.|edition= |url= |location=Franeker |publisher=Wever |page= |isbn=90-6135-372-6}}
*{{cite book |editor-last=Roetering |editor-first=B. |date=1997 |title=Mijnendienst 1907-1997 90 jaar: feiten, verhalen en anekdotes uit het negentigjarig bestaan van de Mijnendienst van de Koninklijke Marine |language=Dutch|edition= |url= |location= |publisher=|page= |isbn=90-90-10528-X}}
*{{cite book |editor-last=Raven |editor-first=G.J.A. |date=1988 |title=De kroon op het anker: 175 jaar Koninklijke Marine |language=Dutch|edition= |url= |location=Amsterdam |publisher=De Bataafsche Leeuw |page= |isbn=90-6707-200-1}}

{{WWII Dutch ships}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Krakatau}}
[[Category:Minelayers of the Royal Netherlands Navy]]
[[Category:Ships built in the Dutch East Indies]]
[[Category:1924 ships]]

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