View source for USS Mayrant (DD-402)

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{{Short description|Benham-class destroyer}}
{{Other ships|USS Mayrant}}
{{Use American English|date=October 2024}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2024}}
{|{{Infobox ship begin}}
{{Infobox ship image
|Ship image=[[File:USS Mayrant (DD-402).jpg|300px|USS ''Mayrant'' (DD-402)]]
|Ship caption=
}}
{{Infobox ship career
|Hide header=
|Ship country=United States
|Ship flag={{USN flag|1946}}
|Ship name=USS ''Mayrant''
|Ship namesake= [[John Mayrant]]
|Ship ordered=
|Ship builder=[[Boston Navy Yard]]
|Ship laid down=15 April 1937
|Ship launched=14 May 1938
|Ship sponsor=Mrs. E. Sheely
|Ship acquired=
|Ship commissioned=13 September 1939
|Ship decommissioned=28 August 1946
|Ship in service=
|Ship out of service=
|Ship struck=30 April 1948
|Ship reinstated=
|Ship honours=
|Ship fate=Scuttled off [[Kwajalein]] 4 April 1948
|Ship notes=
}}
{{Infobox ship characteristics
|Hide header=
|Header caption=
|Ship class={{sclass|Benham|destroyer}}
|Ship displacement={{convert|1725|LT|t|abbr=on}}
|Ship length={{convert|331|ft|1|in|m|abbr=on}}
|Ship beam={{convert|35|ft|5|in|m|abbr=on}}
|Ship draught=
|Ship draft={{convert|14|ft|4|in|m|abbr=on}}
|Ship propulsion=
|Ship speed={{convert|38.5|kn|abbr=on}}
|Ship range=
|Ship complement=184 officers and enlisted
|Ship sensors=
|Ship EW=
|Ship armament=*4 × {{convert|5|in|mm|abbr=on}} Naval Gun
*16 × {{convert|21|mm|abbr=on}} Torpedo Launcher
|Ship armour=
|Ship armor=
|Ship aircraft=
|Ship aircraft facilities=
|Ship notes=
}}
|}

The second '''USS ''Mayrant'' (DD-402)''' was a {{sclass|Benham|destroyer}} in the [[United States Navy]], the second ship named for [[John Mayrant]]. Commissioned shortly before [[World War II]], she was primarily active in the [[Battle of the Atlantic|Atlantic theater]] of the war, and was decommissioned after being used as a target in the [[Operation Crossroads]] [[atomic weapons]] tests.

==History==
''Mayrant'' was laid down 15 April 1937 at the [[Boston Navy Yard]], [[Boston, Massachusetts]]; launched 14 May 1938; sponsored by Mrs. E. Sheely, a descendant of Capt. John Mayrant; and commissioned 19 September 1939.

During the summer of 1940, after shakedown and an extended training period, ''Mayrant'' escorted her Commander in Chief, [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]], on a tour of east coast defenses. Later on in the year, again escorting the President, she visited island bases newly acquired from [[Great Britain]] under the "destroyers for bases" agreement.

===1941–1942===
The following spring, 1941, as U.S. involvement in European hostilities increased, the Navy expanded its efforts to keep the sealanes open. In May, the limits of the neutrality patrol were extended and the Navy gradually expanded its responsibilities for transatlantic convoys. By September, it was officially responsible for protecting them as far as [[Iceland]], lengthening the patrols of the Support Force, [[U.S. Atlantic Fleet|Atlantic Fleet]], which had been assigned the task.

''Mayrant'', on duty with that force, operated off [[Dominion of Newfoundland|Newfoundland]] during the spring and summer. In August she stood-by during the [[Atlantic Charter|Atlantic Charter Conferences]] and, at their conclusion, escorted {{HMS|Prince of Wales|53|6}}, carrying [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|Prime Minister]] [[Winston Churchill]], to Great Britain.

In late October, ''Mayrant'' joined a convoy from [[City of Halifax|Halifax]] to [[Cape Town]]. Two days out of the latter port, on 7 December 1941, she received news of the U.S. entry into the war. She then joined [[Royal Navy]] ships protecting convoys transporting British and [[Canada|Canadian]] troops to [[South Africa]]. She returned to the United States in January 1942, and for the next 5 months engaged in North Atlantic convoy duty. In April, she sailed to [[Scapa Flow]] where she joined the [[British Home Fleet]]. As a unit of that fleet she participated in operations in the [[Denmark Strait]] in search of the [[Germany|German]] [[battleship]] [[German battleship Tirpitz|''Tirpitz'']] in addition to escorting several convoys on the "suicide run" to [[Murmansk]].

''Mayrant'' returned to the east coast in July and immediately put her experience to work conducting [[antisubmarine warfare]] training exercises in the [[Caribbean]]. Relieved of that duty in October, she resumed convoy work. She escorted troops to north Africa for the November invasions and screened the covering force for the [[Naval Battle of Casablanca]] off [[Casablanca]] 8 and 9 November. Continuing her support activities, she helped to insure the safe passage of supplies to the area into the new year, 1943.

===Damaged off Palermo===
Following the success of the north African invasion, ''Mayrant'' spent several months on convoy duty off the east coast, returning to north African waters in May. Passing through the [[Straits of Gibraltar]], she arrived [[Mers-el Kebir]], 23 May. Throughout June she cruised the north African coast from [[Oran]] to [[Bizerte]], escorting convoys and conducting antisubmarine patrols. On 14 July, she shifted her base of operations north toward [[Sicily]]. While on anti-air patrol off [[Palermo]], 26 July, she was attacked by [[Luftwaffe]] dive bombers.

A near miss, only a yard or two off her port bow, during this encounter caused extensive damage. Her side ruptured and her engineering space flooded, she was towed into Palermo with five dead and 18 wounded. When the engineering space of a ship is flooded, the ship usually sinks. However, heroic action of her crew, and able assistance of several other ships who pumped water and provided electric power, kept the ''Mayrant'' floating as she crawled back to harbor. Her executive officer, [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Jr.]], was later awarded the [[Silver Star]] for his action in saving the ship. In port, mattresses were stuffed into the holes in the ship's sides. In spite of her damage, the destroyer's secondary guns helped repel several Luftwaffe raids on Palermo during the next week. On 9 August, she was towed to [[Malta]] where temporary repairs were completed by 14 November. She then steamed to [[Charleston, South Carolina]] for extensive yard repairs.

===1944–1945===
Back in fighting trim 15 May 1944 she departed Charleston for [[Casco Bay, Maine]]. For the next year she operated primarily along the east coast, escorting new [[cruisers]] and [[aircraft carriers]] on shakedown and protecting coastal convoys. During this year she also escorted two convoys to the [[Mediterranean]].

On patrol off [[New England]], 5 April 1945, ''Mayrant'' went to the rescue of the cargo ship ''Atlantic States'', torpedoed off [[Highland Light|Cape Cod Light]]. Despite heavy weather, the destroyer transferred members of her crew to the powerless merchantman and took her in tow. For 2 days until oceangoing [[tug]]s had her under control, they battled waves and breaking lines to keep ''Atlantic States'' from drifting and sinking.

The war in Europe drawing to a close, ''Mayrant'' transferred to the [[U.S. Pacific Fleet|Pacific Fleet]]. She arrived [[Pearl Harbor]] 21 May and underwent intensive training in shore bombardment and night operations. On 2 June she sailed for [[Ulithi]] escorting convoys to [[Iwo Jima]], [[Okinawa Island|Okinawa]], and [[Saipan]]. After the end of hostilities, ''Mayrant'' was designated to make preliminary arrangements for the surrender of the enemy garrison on [[Minamitorishima|Marcus]], a bypassed island in the central [[Pacific]]. With the official surrender of the island 31 August, the destroyer took up air-sea rescue operations in the [[Marshall Islands|Marshalls]] and [[Mariana Islands|Marianas]].

==Fate==
On 30 December, ''Mayrant'' arrived at [[San Diego]] for a brief stay before heading back to the central Pacific. Designated as test ship for [[Operation Crossroads]], the 1946 [[atomic bomb]] tests, she arrived [[Bikini Atoll]], Marshall Islands, 31 May 1946. Surviving the tests, but too highly contaminated, ''Mayrant'' decommissioned at Bikini 28 August 1946. She was sunk 4 April 1948 off [[Kwajalein]] and struck from the Navy Register on 30 April.

==Honors==
''Mayrant'' received three battle stars for [[World War II]] service.

==References==
* {{DANFS|http://www.history.navy.mil/research/histories/ship-histories/danfs/m/mayrant-ii.html}}
* [http://internet-esq.com/ussaugusta/atlantic/fdrmemo.htm The Mayrant at the Atlantic Conference]

==External links==
{{navsource|05/402|Mayrant}}

{{Benham class destroyer}}
{{1948 shipwrecks}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Mayrant (DD-402)}}
[[Category:Benham-class destroyers]]
[[Category:World War II destroyers of the United States]]
[[Category:Ships built in Boston]]
[[Category:1938 ships]]
[[Category:Ships involved in Operation Crossroads]]
[[Category:Ships sunk as targets]]
[[Category:Maritime incidents in 1946]]
[[Category:Maritime incidents in 1948]]

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