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{{Short description|American anarchist (1853–1898)}}
{{inline|date=November 2011}}
[[Image:Michael Schwab portrait.jpg|thumb|Michael Schwab, sentenced to death]]
[[Image:Michael Schwab portrait.jpg|thumb|Michael Schwab, sentenced to death]]
'''Michael Schwab''' (August 9, 1853 – June 29, 1898) was a German-American labor organizer and one of the defendants in the [[Haymarket Square]] incident.
'''Michael Schwab''' (August 9, 1853 – June 29, 1898) was a German-American labor organizer and one of the defendants in the [[Haymarket Square incident.


During his last years Schwab abandoned anarchist doctrine and embraced international socialism, speaking and writing in opposition to the notion of revolution by force.<ref name=DispatchObit />
==Early years==
Schwab was born in [[Kissingen|Bad Kissingen]], [[Franconia]] in [[German Confederation|Germany]] and was, by trade work, a bookbinder. He emigrated to the United States in 1879 and lived variously in [[Chicago]], [[Milwaukee]] and the Western U.S. before settling permanently in Chicago in 1881.


Schwab had intestinal and pulmonary issues during his last years, for which he was hospitalized at the [[Alexians#Hospitals|Alexian Brothers' Hospital in Chicago]] in November 1897.<ref name=DispatchObit /> He remained there for the last seven months of his life, undergoing an operation in the middle of May 1898.<ref name=DispatchObit /> Schwab died from his chronic internal ailment on June 29, 1898.<ref name=DispatchObit /> The Social Turnverein of Chicago arranged his funeral and announced plans for his immediate cremation.<ref name=DispatchObit /> He was cremated on July 6 and his widow received his ashes.<ref>"M. Schwab's Body Burned: Ashes of Dead Socialist Leader Will be Disposed of By His Wife: Under No Circumstances Will They Be Buried at Waldheim Cemetery," ''Chicago Dispatch,'' July 6, 1898, unspecified page. Copy preserved in ''The Papers of Eugene V. Debs, 1834-1945'' microfilm edition, reel 9.</ref>
==Activism==
Schwab became an activist even before emigrating to the United States, having written articles for several radical German newspapers. He joined the German Social Democratic Party in 1872. In the U.S., he became involved in the workers' rights movement, first joining the [[Socialist Labor Party]] and later joining the International Working Persons Association and helping to form North-Side Group faction of that organization. He began writing and eventually became co-editor of the [[Arbeiter-Zeitung (Chicago)|Arbeiter-Zeitung]], an anarchist newspaper for German immigrant workers. He was very active in the 8-hour day movement.


Schwab was married to the sister of Rudolph Schnaubelt (1863–1901), a Chicago anarchist believed by many to have actually thrown the bomb at Haymarket.<ref name=DispatchObit>"M. Schwab, the Anarchist, Passes Away," ''Chicago Dispatch,'' June 29, 1898, unspecified page. Copy preserved in ''The Papers of Eugene V. Debs, 1834-1945'' microfilm edition, reel 9.</ref> Together the couple had three children.<ref name=DispatchObit />
==Haymarket==
On the night of May 4th, 1886, Schwab left the office of Arbeiter-Zeitung, and stopped at the Haymarket meeting to look for fellow editor, August Spies. Not finding him, Schwab spoke briefly with his brother-in-law, Rudolph Schnaubelt, who was later accused of being the bombthrower. Schwab contended that he was at the Haymarket for no more than five minutes. He left there to speak at a meeting of workers at the Deering Reaper Works at the corner of Fullerton and Clybourn streets. This is where he remained throughout the bombing and left there to go straight home.


== See also ==
==Arrest, Trial, Amnesty and Later Years==
Schwab was arrested with the other six Haymarket rioters, while [[Albert Parsons]] turned himself in. In court, he was convicted along with his co-defendants and sentenced to death, while [[Oscar Neebe]] was sentenced to 15 years in prison. Schwab wrote to Illinois governor [[Richard James Oglesby]] for lenience and on November 10, 1887, Oglesby commuted his sentence, along with that of [[Samuel Fielden]], to life imprisonment. He served six years at [[Joliet Correctional Center|Joliet Penitentiary]] before being pardoned with the other two by Illinois Governor [[John Peter Altgeld]] on June 26, 1893. After his release, he continued to write for the Arbeiter-Zeitung and opened a shoe store from which he also sold books on labor rights, but his health was poor since leaving prison and the store failed.


* [[Arbeiter-Zeitung (Chicago)]]
Schwab died from respiratory disease contracted while at Joliet on June 29, 1898. He is buried at [[German Waldheim Cemetery|Waldheim Cemetery]] along with six of the seven other Haymarket martyrs ([[Samuel Fielden]] is the only Haymarket martyr/defendant not buried at Waldheim).


==Footnotes==
==Footnotes==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}

==Works==

* [http://www.archive.org/details/TheAccusedTheAccusersFamousSpeechesOfTheChicagoAnarchistsInCourt ''The Accused the Accusers: The Famous Speeches of the Chicago Anarchists in Court: On October 7th, 8th, and 9th, 1886, Chicago, Illinois.''] Chicago: Socialistic Publishing Society, n.d. [1886].


==Further reading==
==Further reading==

*[http://www.chicagohs.org/hadc/transcript/volumen/000-050/N001-017.htm Testimony of Michael Schwab], Illinois v. August Spies, Trial Transcript, Vol. N, p. 1-17, August 9, 1886.
*[http://www..org/hadc/transcript/volumen/000-050/N001-017.htm Testimony of Michael Schwab], Illinois v. August Spies, Trial Transcript, Vol. N, p.1-17, August 9, 1886.
*[http://www.law.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/haymarket/haymarketdefendants.html Meet the Haymarket Defendants].
*[http://./haymarket/ Meet the Haymarket Defendants].


==External links==
==External links==
{{wikiquote}}
* [http://www.chicagohistory.org/hadc/transcript/volumen/000-050/N001-017.htm Chicago History: Michael Schwab]
* [http://www..org/hadc/transcript/volumen/000-050/N001-017.htm Chicago History: Michael Schwab]
* John P. Altgeld, [http://www.chicagohs.org/hadc/books/b06/B06.htm "Reasons for Pardoning Fielden, Neebe and Schwab,"] Chicago Historical Society, www.chicagohs.org/
* John P. Altgeld, [http://www..org/hadc/books/b06/B06.htm "Reasons for Pardoning Fielden, Neebe and Schwab,"] Chicago Historical Society, www.chicagohs.org/


{{Haymarket Eight}}
{{Haymarket Eight}}


{{Authority control}}
{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]]. -->

| NAME = Scwab, Michael
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION =
| DATE OF BIRTH = August 9, 1853
| PLACE OF BIRTH =
| DATE OF DEATH = June 29, 1898
| PLACE OF DEATH =
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Schwab, Michael}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Schwab, Michael}}
[[Category:1853 births]]
[[Category:1853 births]]
[[Category:1898 deaths]]
[[Category:1898 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Bad Kissingen (district)]]
[[Category:People from Bad Kissingen]]
[[Category:American anarchists]]
[[Category: ]]
[[Category:German anarchists]]
[[Category:German anarchists]]
[[Category:Burials at Forest Home Cemetery, Chicago]]
[[Category: ]]
[[Category:German prisoners sentenced to death]]
[[Category:American anarchists]]
[[Category:American people convicted of murdering police officers]]
[[Category:American prisoners sentenced to death]]
[[Category:Anarcho-communists]]
[[Category:Haymarket affair]]
[[Category:Recipients of American gubernatorial clemency]]
[[Category:Recipients of American gubernatorial pardons]]
[[Category:Recipients of American gubernatorial pardons]]
[[Category:Anarchist communists]]
[[Category: ]]
[[Category:People convicted of murder by Illinois]]
[[es:Michael Schwab]]
[[Category:Prisoners sentenced to death by Illinois]]
[[fr:Michael Schwab]]

Latest revision as of 12:52, 4 July 2024

For the American designer, see Michael Schwab (designer).
Michael Schwab, sentenced to death

Michael Schwab (August 9, 1853 – June 29, 1898) was a German-American labor organizer and one of the defendants in the Haymarket Square incident.

During his last years Schwab abandoned anarchist doctrine and embraced international socialism, speaking and writing in opposition to the notion of revolution by force.[1]

Schwab had intestinal and pulmonary issues during his last years, for which he was hospitalized at the Alexian Brothers' Hospital in Chicago in November 1897.[1] He remained there for the last seven months of his life, undergoing an operation in the middle of May 1898.[1] Schwab died from his chronic internal ailment on June 29, 1898.[1] The Social Turnverein of Chicago arranged his funeral and announced plans for his immediate cremation.[1] He was cremated on July 6 and his widow received his ashes.[2]

Schwab was married to the sister of Rudolph Schnaubelt (1863–1901), a Chicago anarchist believed by many to have actually thrown the bomb at Haymarket.[1] Together the couple had three children.[1]

See also

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Footnotes

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  1. ^ a b c d e f g "M. Schwab, the Anarchist, Passes Away," Chicago Dispatch, June 29, 1898, unspecified page. Copy preserved in The Papers of Eugene V. Debs, 1834-1945 microfilm edition, reel 9.
  2. ^ "M. Schwab's Body Burned: Ashes of Dead Socialist Leader Will be Disposed of By His Wife: Under No Circumstances Will They Be Buried at Waldheim Cemetery," Chicago Dispatch, July 6, 1898, unspecified page. Copy preserved in The Papers of Eugene V. Debs, 1834-1945 microfilm edition, reel 9.

Further reading

[edit]
[edit]
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