Ibero-American Summit

The Ibero-American Summit, formally the Ibero-American Conference of Heads of State and Governments (Spanish: Cumbres Iberoamericanas de Jefes de Estado y de Gobierno, Portuguese: Cimeiras (or Cúpulas) Ibero-Americanas de Chefes de Estado e de Governo), is a yearly meeting of the heads of government and state of the Spanish- and Portuguese-speaking nations of Europe and the Americas, as members of the Organization of Ibero-American States. The permanent secretariat in preparation of the summits is the Ibero-American General Secretariat (SEGIB).

Member states

The first summit, held in 1991 in Guadalajara, Mexico, was attended by the governments of Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, the Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Portugal, Spain, Uruguay and Venezuela. Andorra joined in 2004.^[1]^[2]^[3] Equatorial Guinea and the Philippines entered in 2009 as "associate members". Puerto Rico has participated sometimes as an associate member, but as it is not a sovereign country it is not allowed to completely join the summits. Belize and East Timor have expressed their interest in joining the summits, although they have not been allowed to join for the moment. All these countries were either Spanish or Portuguese colonies (Belize and the Philippines were Spanish before belonged to the United Kingdom and the United States, while East Timor was Portuguese before belonged to Indonesia, respectively). Other former Spanish and Portuguese colonies may join the summits in the future.

Following a proposal made by the Colombian President Gustavo Petro,^[4] Sahrawi diplomat Mohamed Azrouk said that Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic will submit a request to join the Ibero-American Summit as an observer member.^[5]

Expansion

Summits

Summit	City	Country	Dates^[6]
1st	Guadalajara	Mexico	July 18–July 19, 1991
2nd	Madrid	Spain	July 23–July 24, 1992
3rd	Salvador	Brazil	July 15–July 16, 1993
4th	Cartagena	Colombia	June 14–June 15, 1994
5th	San Carlos de Bariloche	Argentina	October 16–October 17, 1995
6th	Santiago and Viña del Mar	Chile	November 13–November 14, 1996
7th	Isla Margarita	Venezuela	November 8–November 9, 1997
8th	Porto	Portugal	October 17–October 18, 1998
9th	Havana	Cuba	November 15–November 16, 1999
10th	Panama City	Panama	November 17–November 18, 2000
11th	Lima	Peru	November 17–November 18, 2001
12th	Bávaro	Dominican Republic	November 15–November 16, 2002
13th	Santa Cruz de la Sierra	Bolivia	November 14–November 15, 2003
14th	San José	Costa Rica	November 18–November 20, 2004
15th	Salamanca	Spain	October 14–October 15, 2005
16th	Montevideo	Uruguay	November 3–November 5, 2006
17th	Santiago	Chile	November 8–November 10, 2007
18th	San Salvador	El Salvador	October 29–October 31, 2008
19th	Estoril	Portugal	November 30–December 1, 2009
20th	Mar del Plata	Argentina	December 3–December 4, 2010
21st	Asunción	Paraguay	October 28–October 29, 2011
22nd	Cádiz	Spain	November 16–November 18, 2012
23rd	Panama City	Panama	October 16–October 18, 2013
24th	Veracruz	Mexico	December 8–December 9, 2014
25th	Cartagena de Indias	Colombia	October 28-October 29, 2016
26th	Antigua	Guatemala	November 15-November 16, 2018
27th	Andorra la Vella	Andorra	April 21, 2021
28th	Santo Domingo	Dominican Republic	March 24–March 25, 2023

References

^ Países Archived 2007-11-12 at the Wayback Machine, Cumbres Iberoamericanas de Jefes de Estado y de Gobierno. Accessed on line October 22, 2007.
^ International Relations Archived 2007-11-18 at the Wayback Machine, Andorran Chamber of Commerce. Accessed on line October 22, 2007.
^ I Cumbre Iberoamericana de Jefes de Estado y Presidentes de Gobierno, Cumbres y Conferencias Iberoamericanas, Organización de Estados Iberoamericanos para la Educación, la Ciencia y la Cultura. Accessed on line October 22, 2007.
^ "Colombian president asks Spain to invite Western Sahara to Ibero-American summit". www.spsrasd.info. March 26, 2023. Archived from the original on March 26, 2023. Retrieved March 26, 2023.
^ "SADR will ask, officially, to be observer member of Ibero-American Summit". www.spsrasd.info. April 1, 2023. Archived from the original on April 2, 2023. Retrieved April 1, 2023.
^ Cumbres Iberoamericanas de Jefes de Estado y de Gobierno, Organización de Estados Iberoamericanos para la Educación, la Ciencia y la Cultura. Accessed on line October 22, 2007.

Bibliography

(1992) Primera Cumbre Iberoamericana, Guadalajara, México, 1991: Discursos, Declaración de Guadalajara y documentos. Mexico: Fondo de Cultura Económica. ISBN 968-16-3735-6

External links

(in Spanish and Portuguese) Cumbres Iberoamericanas de Jefes de Estado y de Gobierno
(in Spanish and Portuguese) Ibero-America's Secretariat General Official Web-site (SEGIB)
Organization of Ibero-American States (OEI) website in Spanish in Portuguese
(in Spanish) Official Web-site for the Organization of Ibero-American Youth (OIJ)
(in Spanish) Web site for 2008 Iberoamerican Summit in El Salvador

[1] Países Archived 2007-11-12 at the Wayback Machine, Cumbres Iberoamericanas de Jefes de Estado y de Gobierno. Accessed on line October 22, 2007.

[2] International Relations Archived 2007-11-18 at the Wayback Machine, Andorran Chamber of Commerce. Accessed on line October 22, 2007.

[3] I Cumbre Iberoamericana de Jefes de Estado y Presidentes de Gobierno, Cumbres y Conferencias Iberoamericanas, Organización de Estados Iberoamericanos para la Educación, la Ciencia y la Cultura. Accessed on line October 22, 2007.

[4] "Colombian president asks Spain to invite Western Sahara to Ibero-American summit". www.spsrasd.info. March 26, 2023. Archived from the original on March 26, 2023. Retrieved March 26, 2023.

[5] "SADR will ask, officially, to be observer member of Ibero-American Summit". www.spsrasd.info. April 1, 2023. Archived from the original on April 2, 2023. Retrieved April 1, 2023.

[6] Cumbres Iberoamericanas de Jefes de Estado y de Gobierno, Organización de Estados Iberoamericanos para la Educación, la Ciencia y la Cultura. Accessed on line October 22, 2007.

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