Template:Citation/doc: Difference between revisions
→Parameters (all are optional): show distinction between what is part of the code to enter and what isn't. Don't encourage the use of |id= for ISBNs |
remove parameters that clash from summary and group in explanation as periodicals |
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* ''' |
* '''''' (or ''''''): The author's last . |
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* ''' |
* '''''' (or ''''''): The author's or name. |
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* ''' |
* '''''' (or ''''''): The author's . |
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** '''author2''', '''last2''', '''first2''', up to '''author9''' ''etc.'': can be used for multiple authors– up to 8 will be shown before ''et al.'' is displayed |
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* '''last2''', '''last3''', '''last4''': The second, third, and fourth authors' surname or last name, if applicable. |
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* '''first2''', '''first3''', '''first4''': The second, third, and fourth authors' first or given name(s), if applicable. |
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* '''author2''', '''author3''', '''author4''': The second, third, and fourth authors' names, if applicable. |
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* '''author2-link''', '''author3-link''', '''author4-link''': Title of an existing Wikipedia article about the second, third, and fourth author, if applicable. |
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* '''publication-date''' (or '''date'''): Date<ref group="n" name="dates" /> of publication. |
* '''publication-date''' (or '''date'''): Date<ref group="n" name="dates" /> of publication. |
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* '''date''': Date<ref group="n" name="dates" /> of authorship, if different from date of publication. If only ''date'' is used, it will be treated as the date of publication. |
* '''date''': Date<ref group="n" name="dates" /> of authorship, if different from date of publication. If only ''date'' is used, it will be treated as the date of publication. |
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* '''year''': Year of authorship or publication. (Mandatory for use with links from [[:Template:Harvard citation]]. In some situations, the template may be able to derive a year from the full ''date''.) |
* '''year''': Year of authorship or publication. (Mandatory for use with links from [[:Template:Harvard citation]]. In some situations, the template may be able to derive a year from the full ''date''.) |
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* '''origyear''': Year of first publication, if different. |
* '''origyear''': Year of first publication, if different. |
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* '''title''': Title of the book. If the title includes [square brackets], these must be encoded as "<code>&#91;</code>" for "[" and "<code>&#93;</code>" for "]" |
* '''title''': Title of the book. If the title includes [square brackets], these must be encoded as "<code>&#91;</code>" for "[" and "<code>&#93;</code>" for "]" |
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*'''type''': An optional field which can be used to provide additional information about a publication type. The content appears in parentheses following the title. If the publication is a thesis or dissertation, the type might be specified as <code>type=PhD thesis</code>, If the publication is an audiobook on compact disk, the type might be specified as <code>type=CD</code>. |
*'''type''': An optional field which can be used to provide additional information about a publication type. The content appears in parentheses following the title. If the publication is a thesis or dissertation, the type might be specified as <code>type=PhD thesis</code>, If the publication is an audiobook on compact disk, the type might be specified as <code>type=CD</code>. |
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* '''series''': The book series of which this book is a part. |
* '''series''': The book series of which this book is a part. |
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* '''publication-place''' (or '''place'''): The city of publication. If more than one town/city is listed on the title page, give the first one or the location of the publisher's head office. If the city is not well-known, you may add a county, region, or state. States in the U.S. are denoted by a two-letter code; for example: <code>place=Paris, TX</code> (no period at the end). Where the publisher is a university and the place or location is included in the name of the university, do not use this parameter. |
* '''publication-place''' (or '''place'''): The city of publication. If more than one town/city is listed on the title page, give the first one or the location of the publisher's head office. If the city is not well-known, you may add a county, region, or state. States in the U.S. are denoted by a two-letter code; for example: <code>place=Paris, TX</code> (no period at the end). Where the publisher is a university and the place or location is included in the name of the university, do not use this parameter. |
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* '''place''': City in which the work was made, if different from the city of publication. If only ''place'' is used, it will be treated as the city of publication. |
* '''place''': City in which the work was made, if different from the city of publication. If only ''place'' is used, it will be treated as the city of publication. |
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* '''publisher''': The name of the publisher. Omit terms such as ''Publishers'', ''Co.'', ''Inc.'', ''Ltd.'', etc., but retain the words ''Books'' or ''Press''. |
* '''publisher''': The name of the publisher. Omit terms such as ''Publishers'', ''Co.'', ''Inc.'', ''Ltd.'', etc., but retain the words ''Books'' or ''Press''. |
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* '''pages''': For use when multiple pages are cited. Adds "pp." before the page numbers. Do not use with '''page'''. |
* '''pages''': For use when multiple pages are cited. Adds "pp." before the page numbers. Do not use with '''page'''. |
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* '''page''': For use when one page is cited. Adds "p." before the page number. Do not use with '''pages'''. |
* '''page''': For use when one page is cited. Adds "p." before the page number. Do not use with '''pages'''. |
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* '''nopp''': if set to any value, <code>page=/pages=</code> do not generate 'p.' or 'pp.'. E.g. <code>nopp=true</code>. Using <code>at=</code> has the same effect. |
* '''nopp''': if set to any value, <code>page=/pages=</code> do not generate 'p.' or 'pp.'. E.g. <code>nopp=true</code>. Using <code>at=</code> has the same effect. |
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** '''chapter''': the chapter number will be put in quotes. |
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* '''at''': Position within the resource when {{para|page}}/{{para|pages}} is inappropriate or insufficient. This parameter is ignored if {{para|page}}/{{para|pages}} is specified. Examples of usage of {{para|at}}: {{para|at|para. 14}} (when citing a source without page numbers), {{para|at|02:56}} (a film or audio timestamp), {{para|at|no. 456}} (something in a numbered list), {{para|at|p. 6, col. 2}} (for a page and a column because "column" is not a Citation template parameter), or {{para|at|sec. F pp. 4–6}} (for a section and a page within the section, "section" not being a parameter). |
* '''at''': Position within the resource when {{para|page}}/{{para|pages}} is inappropriate or insufficient. This parameter is ignored if {{para|page}}/{{para|pages}} is specified. Examples of usage of {{para|at}}: {{para|at|para. 14}} (when citing a source without page numbers), {{para|at|02:56}} (a film or audio timestamp), {{para|at|no. 456}} (something in a numbered list), {{para|at|p. 6, col. 2}} (for a page and a column because "column" is not a Citation template parameter), or {{para|at|sec. F pp. 4–6}} (for a section and a page within the section, "section" not being a parameter). |
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* '''id''': Unique identifier which cannot be accommodated by parameters such as {{para|isbn}}, {{para|doi}}, {{para|oclc}} etc. |
* '''id''': Unique identifier which cannot be accommodated by parameters such as {{para|isbn}}, {{para|doi}}, {{para|oclc}} etc. |
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* '''isbn''': Use this parameter if the book has an [[ISBN]]; follow the guidance at [[Wikipedia:ISBN]] to use ISBNs with correctly placed dashes, and give the ISBN-13 instead of ISBN-10 when available. |
* '''isbn''': Use this parameter if the book has an [[ISBN]]; follow the guidance at [[Wikipedia:ISBN]] to use ISBNs with correctly placed dashes, and give the ISBN-13 instead of ISBN-10 when available. |
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* '''doi''': A [[digital object identifier]] such as ''<nowiki>10.1016/j.coi.2004.08.001</nowiki>''. |
* '''doi''': A [[digital object identifier]] such as ''<nowiki>10.1016/j.coi.2004.08.001</nowiki>''. |
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** '''doi_inactivedate''': Date<ref group="n" name="dates" /> on which the DOI was observed to be not functioning. |
** '''doi_inactivedate''': Date<ref group="n" name="dates" /> on which the DOI was observed to be not functioning. |
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* '''oclc''': [[Online Computer Library Center]] ID number, such as ''3185581'' (superfluous when ISBN is given). |
* '''oclc''': [[Online Computer Library Center]] ID number, such as ''3185581'' (superfluous when ISBN is given). |
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* '''url''': An [[url]] of an online location where the book can be found. |
* '''url''': An [[url]] of an online location where the book can be found. |
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* archive parameters ''(if used, must be used both of them together)'' |
* archive parameters ''(if used, must be used both of them together)'' |
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** '''archiveurl''': The URL of an [[Web archiving|archived]] copy of a web page, if (or in case) the url becomes unavailable. Typically used to refer to services like [[WebCite]] and [[Internet Archive|Archive.org]]. |
** '''archiveurl''': The URL of an [[Web archiving|archived]] copy of a web page, if (or in case) the url becomes unavailable. Typically used to refer to services like [[WebCite]] and [[Internet Archive|Archive.org]]. |
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** '''archivedate''': Date when the item was archived. Should not be wikilinked. |
** '''archivedate''': Date when the item was archived. Should not be wikilinked. |
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** '''chapter-url''': use instead of url to add a link to the chapter title. |
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* ''' |
* '''''': Date<ref group="n" name="dates" /> when the url was accessed. |
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* '''separator''': specifies the punctuation mark used to separate certain fields. This defaults to a comma; the 'Cite xxx' family of templates uses a period. |
* '''separator''': specifies the punctuation mark used to separate certain fields. This defaults to a comma; the 'Cite xxx' family of templates uses a period. |
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* '''laysummary''': URL of a lay summary, which could be in a popular science magazine or newspaper. |
* '''laysummary''': URL of a lay summary, which could be in a popular science magazine or newspaper. |
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* '''laydate''': The date<ref group="n" name="dates" /> of publication or, where this is not available, date of retrieval of the lay summary. |
* '''laydate''': The date<ref group="n" name="dates" /> of publication or, where this is not available, date of retrieval of the lay summary. |
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* '''postscript''': Set terminal punctuation. Omit or leave blank to remove the trailing full stop. Punctuation specified by this parameter will appear within the cite span, and consequently before any icons added by metadata-using software (e.g. library browser plugins). Hence this parameter should be used instead of manually appending data to the citation. This parameter is ignored if {{para|quote}} is specified, when {{para|postscript|.}} is forced. |
* '''postscript''': Set terminal punctuation. Omit or leave blank to remove the trailing full stop. Punctuation specified by this parameter will appear within the cite span, and consequently before any icons added by metadata-using software (e.g. library browser plugins). Hence this parameter should be used instead of manually appending data to the citation. This parameter is ignored if {{para|quote}} is specified, when {{para|postscript|.}} is forced. |
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* '''ref''': ID for Harvard references; see ''[[#Anchors for Harvard referencing templates|Anchors for Harvard referencing templates]]''. |
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Revision as of 15:12, 30 May 2011
This is a documentation subpage for Template:Citation. It may contain usage information, categories and other content that is not part of the original template page. |
The Citation template generates a citation for a book, periodical, contribution in a collective work, patent, or a web page. It determines the citation type by examining which parameters are used.
If invoked with the right parameters, this template produces output identical to that of the Cite templates, such as {{cite book}} and {{cite web}}. The default behavior sometimes differs from that of the Cite templates; for example, this template by default generates anchors for Harvard references whereas the Cite templates do not (although they can be made to do so), and this template by default uses commas to separate some fields that the Cite templates separate with periods (full stops).
The template should be inserted after punctuation, such as a period or comma.
All parameter names are lowercase.
Anchored citations
This template can generate a citation that can be combined with shortened footnotes or parenthetical referencing. It does this by creating an HTML anchor containing an ID. The special parameter |ref=harv
generates an ID suitable for Harvard referencing templates such as {{harv}} as specified in the next section; this is the default for the {{citation}} template. If an empty |ref=
is given, no anchor is generated; this is the default for the Cite templates such as {{cite book}} and {{cite news}}. You can also specify the ID directly, using the |ref=ID
parameter. For example, suppose an article's References section contains the markup:
{{Citation |author=Sigmund Freud |title=Civilization and Its Discontents |year=1930 |ref=CivDis}}
which generates the citation:
- Sigmund Freud (1930), Civilization and Its Discontents
Then, the markup "([[#CivDis|Freud 1930]])
" generates a parenthetical reference "(Freud 1930)" containing a wikilink to the citation (try clicking on the wikilink).
Anchors for Harvard referencing templates
IDs compatible with Harvard referencing templates such as {{harv}} are computed from the last names of the authors and the year of the cited source. For example, the markup "{{harv|Wright|Evans|1851|p=ix}}
" generates the Harvard reference "(Wright & Evans 1851, p. ix)", which wikilinks to the citation whose markup and appearance are shown below:
{{Citation |last1=Wright |first1=Thomas |last2=Evans |first2=R.H. |title=Historical and Descriptive Account of the Caricatures of James Gillray |location=London |publisher=Henry G. Bohn |year=1851 |oclc=59510372 }}
- Wright, Thomas; Evans, R.H. (1851), Historical and Descriptive Account of the Caricatures of James Gillray, London: Henry G. Bohn, OCLC 59510372
In this example the {{citation}} template defines, and the {{harv}} template uses, the HTML ID "CITEREFWrightEvans1851
", composed by concatenating the string "CITEREF
" with the last names of the authors and the year. The {{harvid}} template can be used to generate such IDs, for example, {{harvid|Wright|Evans|1851}}
generates "CITEREFWrightEvans1851
".
The names of only the first four authors are used; other author names are not concatenated to the ID. If no author names are given, editor names are used instead. For patents, inventor names are used instead of authors or editors. If these names are not given, this template does not generate an anchor.
Last names are used, as specified by the parameters |last1=
(or |last=
), |last2=
, |last3=
, and |last4=
, and similarly for |editor1-last=
etc. and for |inventor1-last=
etc. If a full name is given but no last name is specified, this template falls back on the full name, but this usage is not recommended. For example, in "{{Citation |author=Sigmund Freud |title=The Ego and the Id |year=1923}}
" no last name is given, so this citation cannot be combined with the Harvard reference "{{harv|Freud|1923}}
". To make these {{citation}} and {{harv}} invocations compatible, either replace "|author=Sigmund Freud
" with "|first=Sigmund
|last=Freud
", or add "|ref={{harvid|Freud|1923}}
" to the {{citation}} invocation, or add the same ref parameter (say, "|ref=EgoId
") to both the {{citation}} and the {{harv}} invocations.
Similarly, the year is used, as specified by |year=
. If no year is given, this template attempts to derive the year from |date=
(or, if no date is given, from |publication-date=
) by applying the MediaWiki #time function. This heuristic works with many common date formats (American, International and YYYY-MM-DD as listed in WP:MOS) but may not work as expected with other formats, so when in doubt it may be safer to use |year=
. Note that if only a year, say 2005, is known you must use |year=2005
rather than |date=2005
.
IDs must be unique
Names, years, and hand-specified IDs must be chosen so that the IDs are unique within a page; otherwise the HTML will not conform to the W3C standards, and any references to the citations will not work reliably. For example, suppose a page contains the following two citations with {{harv}}-compatible IDs:
- Montes, G; Halterman, JS (2008a), "Association of childhood autism spectrum disorders and loss of family income", Pediatrics, 121 (4): e821–6, doi:10.1542/peds.2007-1594, PMID 18381511
- Montes, G; Halterman, JS (2008b), "Child care problems and employment among families with preschool-aged children with autism in the United States", Pediatrics, 122 (1): e202–8, doi:10.1542/peds.2007-3037, PMID 18595965
If these citations were altered to say "2008" rather than "2008a" and "2008b", the resulting page would not work, because the two different citations would both attempt to use the ID "CITEREFMontesHalterman2008
". To avoid this problem, distinguish the citations by appending suffixes to the years, e.g., "|year=2008a
" and "|year=2008b
", as was done above. Any Harvard references to these citations should use years with the same suffixes.
It is good practice to verify that a page does not contain duplicate IDs by using the W3C Markup Validation Service; see External links.
Citing books
Parameters (all are optional)
{{Citation |last= |first= |author-link= |editor= |editor-link= |others= |title= |type= |edition= |series= |volume= |publication-date= |publisher= |location= |language= |isbn= |oclc= |doi= |doi_inactivedate= |bibcode= |id= |url= |archiveurl= |archivedate= |format= |accessdate= |page= |chapter= |chapterurl= |quote= |laysummary= |laydate= |separator= |postscript= |ref= }} |
|
Examples
One author | {{ Citation | last=Turner | first=O. | title=History of the Pioneer Settlement of Phelps and Gorham's Purchase, and Morris' Reserve | publisher=William Alling | place=Rochester, New York | year=1851 | url = http://olivercowdery.com/texts/1851Trn1.htm#turn1851 }} |
Turner, O. (1851), History of the Pioneer Settlement of Phelps and Gorham's Purchase, and Morris' Reserve, Rochester, New York: William Alling |
Three authors, a volume, and an edition. Ampersand (&) forced before final author's name. | {{ Citation | last1=Lincoln | first1=A. | last2=Washington | first2=G. | last3=Adams | first3=J. | lastauthoramp=yes | title=All the Presidents' Names | publisher=The Pentagon | place=Home Base, New York | volume=XII | edition=2nd | year=2007 }} |
Lincoln, A.; Washington, G.; Adams, J. (2007), All the Presidents' Names, vol. XII (2nd ed.), Home Base, New York: The Pentagon {{citation}} : Unknown parameter |lastauthoramp= ignored (|name-list-style= suggested) (help)
|
Citing journals, newspapers, magazines, or other periodicals
Parameters
{{Citation | last = | first = | author-link = | publication-date = | date = | year = | title = | periodical = | series = | publication-place = | place = | publisher = | volume = | issue = | pages = | page = | at = | url = | archiveurl = | archivedate = | issn = | pmid = | pmc = | doi = | oclc = | accessdate = | postscript = | ref = }} |
Template:Citation parameter legend |
Examples
Journal article | {{Citation | last=Hill | first=Marvin S. | title=Joseph Smith and the 1826 Trial: New Evidence and New Difficulties | journal=BYU Studies | volume=12 | issue=2 | year=1976 | pages=1–8 | url=https://byustudies.byu.edu/ shop/PDFSRC/12.2Hill.pdf }} |
Hill, Marvin S. (1976), "Joseph Smith and the 1826 Trial: New Evidence and New Difficulties" (PDF), BYU Studies, 12 (2): 1–8 |
Newspaper article | {{Citation | last=Smith | first=Joseph III | author-link=Joseph Smith III | title=Last Testimony of Sister Emma | newspaper=The Saints' Herald | publication-place=Plano, IL | volume=26 | issue=19 | date=October 1, 1879 | year=1879 | month=October | page=289 | url=http://www.sidneyrigdon.com/ dbroadhu/IL/sain1872.htm#100179 }} |
Smith, Joseph III (October 1, 1879), "Last Testimony of Sister Emma", The Saints' Herald, vol. 26, no. 19, Plano, IL, p. 289 {{citation}} : Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)CS1 maint: date and year (link)
|
Citing edited books, or parts of edited books, including encyclopedias and encyclopedia articles
Parameters
{{Citation | last = | first = | author-link = | last2 = | first2 = | author2-link = | year = | date = | publication-date = | contribution = | contribution-url = | editor-last = | editor-first = | editor-link = | editor2-last = | editor2-first = | editor2-link = | title = | trans_title = | edition = | series = | place = | publication-place = | publisher = | volume = | pages = | id = | isbn = | doi = | oclc = | url = | accessdate = | ref = }} |
|
Examples
Manuscript published in an edited compilation | {{Citation | last=Bidamon | first=Emma Smith | author-link=Emma Hale Smith | chapter=Letter to Emma S. Pilgrim | date=March 27, 1876 | year=1876 | editor-last=Vogel | editor-first=Dan | title=Early Mormon Documents | volume=1 | publisher=Signature Books | publication-date=1996 | isbn=1–56085–072–8 }} |
Bidamon, Emma Smith (March 27, 1876), "Letter to Emma S. Pilgrim", in Vogel, Dan (ed.), Early Mormon Documents, vol. 1, Signature Books (published 1996), ISBN 1–56085–072–8 {{citation}} : Check |isbn= value: invalid character (help)CS1 maint: date and year (link)
|
Work with an editor but no author | {{Citation | editor-last=Vogel | editor-first=Dan | title=Early Mormon Documents | volume=1 | publisher=Signature Books | publication-date=1996 | isbn=1–56085–072–8 }} |
Vogel, Dan, ed. (1996), Early Mormon Documents, vol. 1, Signature Books, ISBN 1–56085–072–8 {{citation}} : Check |isbn= value: invalid character (help)
|
Encyclopedia article by a named author | {{Citation | last = Kramer | first = Martin | author-link = Martin Kramer | contribution = Bernard Lewis | editor-last = Boyd | editor-first = Kelley | title = Encyclopedia of Historians and Historical Writing | volume = 1 | pages = 719–720 | publisher = Fitzroy Dearborn | place = London | publication-date = 1999 | contribution-url = http:// www.geocities.com/martinkramerorg/ BernardLewis.htm }} |
Kramer, Martin (1999), "Bernard Lewis", in Boyd, Kelley (ed.), Encyclopedia of Historians and Historical Writing, vol. 1, London: Fitzroy Dearborn, pp. 719–720 |
Encyclopedia article with no named author | {{Citation | contribution = Bernard Lewis | editor-last = Boyd | editor-first = Kelley | title = Encyclopedia of Historians and Historical Writing | volume = 1 | pages = 719–720 | publisher = Fitzroy Dearborn | place = London | year = 1999 | contribution-url = http:// www.geocities.com/martinkramerorg/ BernardLewis.htm }} |
Boyd, Kelley, ed. (1999), "Bernard Lewis", Encyclopedia of Historians and Historical Writing, vol. 1, London: Fitzroy Dearborn, pp. 719–720 |
Citing contributions, republications, or edited quotations in a periodical article
Parameters
{{Citation | last = | first = | author-link = | last2 = | first2 = | author2-link = | year = | date = | publication-date = | contribution = | contribution-url = | editor-last = | editor-first = | editor-link = | editor2-last = | editor2-first = | editor2-link = | title = | periodical = | series = | volume = | issue = | pages = | place = | publication-place = | publisher = | id = | issn = | doi = | oclc = | url = | accessdate = | ref = }} |
|
Examples
Manuscript edited and published in a journal | {{Citation | last=Knight | first=Joseph, Sr. | year=1833 | editor-last=Jessee | editor-first=Dean | title=Joseph Knight's Recollection of Early Mormon History | journal=BYU Studies | volume=17 | issue=1 | publication-date=1976 | pages=35 | url=https://byustudies.byu.edu/ shop/PDFSRC/17.1Jessee.pdf }} |
Knight, Joseph, Sr. (1833), Jessee, Dean (ed.), "Joseph Knight's Recollection of Early Mormon History" (PDF), BYU Studies, 17 (1) (published 1976): 35{{citation}} : CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
|
Manuscript written at one date and place, then published in a periodical at a different date and place with commentary by the editor. | {{Citation | last=Klingensmith | first=Philip | contribution=Affidavit | year=1872 | date=September 5, 1872 | place=Lincoln County, Nevada | title=Mountain Meadows Massacre | editor-last=Toohy | editor-first=Dennis J. | journal=Corinne Daily Reporter | publication-date=September 24, 1872 | publication-place=Corinne, Utah | volume=5 | issue=252 | pages=1 | contribution-url=http:// udn.lib.utah.edu/u?/corinne,5359 }} |
Klingensmith, Philip (September 5, 1872), written at Lincoln County, Nevada, Toohy, Dennis J. (ed.), "Mountain Meadows Massacre", Corinne Daily Reporter, 5 (252), Corinne, Utah (published September 24, 1872): 1 {{citation}} : |contribution= ignored (help)CS1 maint: date and year (link)
|
Citing patents
Parameters (all are optional)
{{Citation | inventor-last = | inventor-first = | inventorlink = | inventor2-last = | inventor2-first = | inventorlink2 = | publication-date = | issue-date = | title = | country-code = | description = | patent-number = }} |
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Examples
United States patent with multiple inventors | {{Citation | inventor1-last = Degermark | inventor1-first = Mikael | inventor2-last = Brodnik | inventor2-first = Andrej | inventor3-last = Carlsson | inventor3-first = Svante | inventor4-last = Pink | inventor4-first = Stephen | title = Fast routing lookup system using complete prefix tree, bit vector, and pointers in a routing table for determining where to route IP datagrams | issue-date = 2001 | patent-number = 6266706 | country-code = US}} |
Fast routing lookup system using complete prefix tree, bit vector, and pointers in a routing table for determining where to route IP datagrams {{citation}} : Unknown parameter |country-code= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |inventor1-first= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |inventor1-last= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |inventor2-first= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |inventor2-last= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |inventor3-first= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |inventor3-last= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |inventor4-first= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |inventor4-last= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |issue-date= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |patent-number= ignored (help)
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Dates
- ^ a b c d e f g h i
- The format of dates in the references of an article should use a consistent and unambiguous style. Example formats used in Wikipedia citations include:
- 2009
- 2009-09-14
- 14 September 2009
- September 14, 2009 (with comma)
- 2009 Sep 14
- September 2009
- Sept./Oct. 2009
- As indicated above, month names are sometimes abbreviated (e.g., September to "Sept" or "Sept." or "Sep" or "Sep.")
- Dates should not be linked in references.
- Please see Wikipedia:Manual of Style (dates and numbers)#Dates for more guidance about formatting dates.
Tools
See Wikipedia:Citing sources#Citation templates and tools for a list of tools which can help create a reference in the 'citation' format.
COinS
This template produces COinS metadata; see COinS in Wikipedia for background information.
Additional parameters