cynhyrchu
Welsh
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From cynnyrch (“produce, product, production; fruits of the earth, crops, etc.; growth, increase, progress, prosperity; waxing (of the moon); gain, profit, interest; result, outcome; the present time; presence”) + -u.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (North Wales) IPA(key): /kənˈhərχɨ/
- (South Wales) IPA(key): /kənˈhərχi/
Verb
[edit]cynhyrchu (first-person singular present cynhyrchaf)
- to bring forth (fruit, seed, etc.), yield or grow crop (of), supply, furnish
- to bring forward, present to view or notice, offer for inspection or consideration
- to grow, increase; to cause to increase
- to quicken, inspire
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation (literary)
| singular | plural | impersonal | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
| present indicative/future | cynhyrchaf | cynhyrchi | cynnyrch, cynhyrcha | cynhyrchwn | cynhyrchwch | cynhyrchant | cynhyrchir | |
| imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/ conditional |
cynhyrchwn | cynhyrchit | cynhyrchai | cynhyrchem | cynhyrchech | cynhyrchent | cynhyrchid | |
| preterite | cynhyrchais | cynhyrchaist | cynhyrchodd | cynhyrchasom | cynhyrchasoch | cynhyrchasant | cynhyrchwyd | |
| pluperfect | cynhyrchaswn | cynhyrchasit | cynhyrchasai | cynhyrchasem | cynhyrchasech | cynhyrchasent | cynhyrchasid, cynhyrchesid | |
| present subjunctive | cynhyrchwyf | cynhyrchych | cynhyrcho | cynhyrchom | cynhyrchoch | cynhyrchont | cynhyrcher | |
| imperative | — | cynnyrch, cynhyrcha | cynhyrched | cynhyrchwn | cynhyrchwch | cynhyrchent | cynhyrcher | |
| verbal noun | cynhyrchu | |||||||
| verbal adjectives | cynhyrchedig cynhyrchadwy | |||||||
Conjugation (colloquial)
| Inflected colloquial forms | singular | plural | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | |
| future | cynhyrcha i, cynhyrchaf i | cynhyrchi di | cynhyrchith o/e/hi, cynhyrchiff e/hi | cynhyrchwn ni | cynhyrchwch chi | cynhyrchan nhw |
| conditional | cynhyrchwn i, cynhyrchswn i | cynhyrchet ti, cynhyrchset ti | cynhyrchai fo/fe/hi, cynhyrchsai fo/fe/hi | cynhyrchen ni, cynhyrchsen ni | cynhyrchech chi, cynhyrchsech chi | cynhyrchen nhw, cynhyrchsen nhw |
| preterite | cynhyrchais i, cynhyrches i | cynhyrchaist ti, cynhyrchest ti | cynhyrchodd o/e/hi | cynhyrchon ni | cynhyrchoch chi | cynhyrchon nhw |
| imperative | — | cynhyrcha | — | — | cynhyrchwch | — |
| Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh. | ||||||
Related terms
[edit]- cynhyrchiad m (“act or process of producing, production; product, produce; a coming (out), advent, appearance; reception, welcome; increase, growth, development, nurture”)
- cynhyrchiol (“fertile, prolific, abounding, productive; increasing, flourishing; pertaining to (vegetable) produce; originating, emanating; original, primitive; present; pertaining to this world, worldy; present (of tense); representing (another), by proxy”)
- cynhyrchydd m (“producer, generator”)
Mutation
[edit]| Welsh mutation | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
| cynhyrchu | gynhyrchu | nghynhyrchu | chynhyrchu |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | |||
References
[edit]- R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “cynhyrchaf, cynhyrchiaf”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies