horreo

From Proto-Italic *horzēō, from earlier *xorzējō (to differentiate it from a later form *horzēō if the shift */x/ > */h/ in the Italic languages already happened during late Proto-Italic), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰr̥s-éh₁-(ye)-ti, from *ǵʰers- (“to bristle”).

Cognate with hīrtus, eris (“hedgehog”), Welsh garw (“rough”), Sanskrit हृष्यति (hṛṣyati, “become erect or stiff or rigid; be glad”), हर्षयति (harṣayati, “to excite”), Avestan 𐬰𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬱𐬌𐬌𐬀𐬨𐬥𐬀 (zar^əšiiamna, “excited”).

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈhor.re.oː/, [ˈhɔrːeoː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈor.re.o/, [ˈɔrːeo]

horreō (present infinitive horrēre, perfect active horruī); second conjugation, no supine stem, limited passive

1. to stand erect, stand on end
2. to tremble, shiver
   • 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 6.19–20:

     horrueram tacitōque animum pallōre fatēbar;
     tum dea, quōs fēcit, sustulit ipsa metūs

     I had trembled, and by my speechless pallor was betraying my emotion; then the goddess – she who caused it [to happen] – removed [my] fears herself.
     (The poet, writing about the month of June, first encounters Juno (mythology).)

3. to dread, be afraid of
4. to be frightful

• Aromanian: urãscu, urãri
• Romanian: urî
• → Albanian: urrej

horreō

1. dative/ablative singular of horreum

• “horreo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “horreo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• horreo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • his hair stands on end: capilli horrent
    
• De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 290