 | This is the pronunciation key for IPA transcriptions of Yoruba on Wikipedia. It provides a set of symbols to represent the pronunciation of Yoruba in Wikipedia articles, and example words that illustrate the sounds that correspond to them. Integrity must be maintained between the key and the transcriptions that link here; do not change any symbol or value without establishing consensus on the talk page first. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA. For the distinction between [ ], / / and ⟨ ⟩, see IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters. |
The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Yoruba language pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. This reflects Standard Yoruba, and dialects may have more or fewer phonemes. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see Template:IPA and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.
| Consonants | ||
|---|---|---|
| IPA | Examples | English approximation |
| b | bàtá | bit |
| d | dà | din |
| d͡ʒ | jà | gin |
| f | fèrèsé | fat |
| ɡ | gà | gut |
| ɡ͡b | gbà | rugby but pronounced simultaneously |
| h | ha | ham |
| j | yà | yes |
| k | kí | cut |
| k͡p | pọ̀ | backpack but pronounced simultaneously |
| l | lá | left |
| m | màmá | map |
| n | nà | nose |
| ɾ | rà | atom (GA) |
| s | sìsí | sit |
| ʃ | ṣòkòtò | ship |
| t | tà | tip |
| w | wá | we |
| Oral vowels | ||
|---|---|---|
| IPA | Examples | English approximation |
| a | àgè | and |
| e | ewé | bay |
| ɛ | ẹ̀pà | bet |
| i | ìyá | meat |
| o | oko | go (Indian English) |
| ɔ | ọ̀bẹ | law (RP) |
| u | kúrò | fool |
| Nasal vowels | ||
| ã | ìtàn | bran |
| ɛ̃ | hẹ́n | hen; French vin |
| ĩ | rìn | mean |
| ɔ̃ | ìbọn | pond; French bon |
| ũ | ràkúnmi | soon |
| Tone | ||
|---|---|---|
| IPA | Examples | Explanation |
| ◌́ | kọ́ [kɔ́] | High tone |
| ◌̄ | kọ [kɔ̄] | Mid tone |
| ◌̀ | kọ̀ [kɔ̀] | Low tone |
Bibliography
edit- Eme, Cecilia Amaoge; Uba, Ebele Deborah (2016). "A Contrastive Study of the Phonology of Igbo and Yoruba". UJAH: Unizik Journal of Arts and Humanities. 17 (1): 65–84. doi:10.4314/ujah.v17i1.4. Retrieved 2021-12-13.
- Moran, Steven & McCloy, Daniel & Wright, Richard. "Yoruba sound inventory (UPSID)". PHOIBLE Online. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. Retrieved 29 August 2024.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - Campbell, George L. (1995). Concise compendium of the world's languages. London ; New York: Routledge. p. 588. ISBN 0-415-11392-X. Retrieved 29 August 2024.
- Olmsted, David L. (December 1951). "The Phonemes of Yoruba". WORD. 7 (3): 246. doi:10.1080/00437956.1951.11659409.
- Akinlabi, Akinbiyi (January 1993). "Underspecification and the Phonology of Yoruba /r/". Linguistic Inquiry. 24 (1): 143. Retrieved 29 August 2024.