Chionomesa

Chionomesa
	Sapphire-spangled emerald, (Chionomesa lactea)
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Clade:	Strisores
Order:	Apodiformes
Family:	Trochilidae
Tribe:	Trochilini
Genus:	Chionomesa; Simon, 1921
Type species
	Ornismya lactea (sapphire-spangled emerald); Lesson, R., 1832
Species
	2, see text

Chionomesa is a genus of South American hummingbirds in the family Trochilidae.

Species

The genus contains two species:^[1]

Genus **Chionomesa** – Simon, 1921 – two species
Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Glittering-throated emerald	Chionomesa fimbriata (Gmelin, JF,, 1788) Seven subspecies C. f. elegantissima (Todd, 1942) C. f. fimbriata (Gmelin, J.F., 1788) C. f. apicalis (Gould, 1861) C. f. fluviatilis (Gould, 1861) C. f. laeta (Hartert, E., 1900) C. f. nigricauda (Elliot, D.G., 1878) C. f. tephrocephala (Vieillot, 1818)	Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, the Guianas, Peru, Trinidad and Venezuela	Size: Habitat: Diet:	LC
Sapphire-spangled emerald	Chionomesa lactea (Lesson, R.,, 1832) Three subspecies C. l. zimmeri (Gilliard, 1941) C. l. lactea (Lesson, R.) C. l. bartletti (Gould, 1866)	Bolivia, Brazil, Peru, and Venezuela; as a vagrant in Argentina	Size: Habitat: Diet:	LC

These two species were formerly placed in the genus Amazilia. A molecular phylogenetic study published in 2014 found that Amazilia was polyphyletic.^[2] In the revised classification to create monophyletic genera, these species were moved to the resurrected genus Chionomesa that had been introduced in 1921 by the French naturalist Eugène Simon.^[1]^[3]^[4] The genus name combines the Ancient Greek khiōn meaning "snow" with mesos meaning "middle".^[5] The type species was designated as the sapphire-spangled emerald by the American ornithologist Charles Wallace Richmond in 1927.^[6]^[7]

^ ^a ^b Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (July 2020). "Hummingbirds". IOC World Bird List Version 10.2. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 7 January 2020.
^ McGuire, J.; Witt, C.; Remsen, J.V.; Corl, A.; Rabosky, D.; Altshuler, D.; Dudley, R. (2014). "Molecular phylogenetics and the diversification of hummingbirds". Current Biology. 24 (8): 910–916. Bibcode:2014CBio...24..910M. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2014.03.016. PMID 24704078.
^ Simon, Eugène (1921). Histoire naturelle des Trochilid (Synopsis et catalogue) (in French). Paris: L. Mulo. pp. 104, 320.
^ Stiles, F.G.; Remsen, J.V. Jr.; Mcguire, J.A. (2017). "The generic classification of the Trochilini (Aves: Trochilidae): Reconciling taxonomy with phylogeny". Zootaxa. 4353 (3): 401–424. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4353.3. PMID 29245495.
^ Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. p. 101. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.
^ Peters, James Lee, ed. (1945). Check-List of Birds of the World. Vol. 5. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. p. 62.
^ Richmond, Charles Wallace (1927). "List of generic terms proposed for birds during the years 1890 to 1900, inclusive, to which are added names omitted by Waterhouse in his "Index Generum Avium."". Proceedings of the United States National Museum. 70 (15): 1–44 [8]. doi:10.5479/si.00963801.2664.

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