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Cultural depictions of Joan of Arc

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Jeanne d'Arc statue at Place des Pyramides, Paris by Emmanuel Frémiet, 1874

Joan of Arc (Jeanne d'Arc in French) has inspired artistic and cultural works for nearly six centuries. The following lists cover various media to include items of historic interest, enduring works of high art, and recent representations in popular culture. The entries represent portrayals that a reader has a reasonable chance of encountering rather than a complete catalog. Lesser known works, particularly from early periods, are not included. In this article, many of the excluded items are derivative of better known representations. For instance, Friedrich Schiller's 1801 play The Maid of Orleans inspired at least 82 different dramatic works during the nineteenth century, and Verdi's and Tchaikovsky's operatic adaptations are still recorded and performed. Most of the others survive only in research libraries.[1] As another example, in 1894, Émile Huet listed over 400 plays and musical works about Joan of Arc. Despite a great deal of scholarly interest in Joan of Arc, no complete list of artistic works about her exists, although a 1989 doctoral dissertation did identify all relevant films including ones for which no copy survives.[1][2]

Portrayals of Joan of Arc are numerous. For example, in 1979 the Bibliothèque Municipale in Rouen, France displayed a gallery containing over 500 images and other items related to Joan of Arc.[3] The story of Joan of Arc was a popular subject for dramatization in the 1940s. In addition to Maxwell Anderson's play Joan of Lorraine and the Ingrid Bergman film Joan of Arc, there was also the 1948 RKO film The Miracle of the Bells starring Fred MacMurray, Alida Valli, and Frank Sinatra, about a dying film actress whose first and last role is Joan of Arc. There were also three radio dramatizations of the story of Joan during those years, one of them specifically written with a World War II framework.


Literature and theatre

[edit]
Date Title Author Notes
1429 "Chanson en l'honneur de Jeanne d'Arc" Christine de Pizan An elegiac poem written during Joan's lifetime. The author's final work. English translation available: [4].
1435 Histoire du Siège d'Orléans Anonymous (possibly Jacques Millet) First performed in Orléans four years after Joan's death. The surviving version appears to be a revision from circa 1450. God and several saints play major roles in this sprawling drama with more than 100 speaking parts.
after 1435 Ballade François Villon Part of Le Testament, Villon calls Joan "the good (woman from) Lorraine whom the English burned in Rouen".
1590 Henry VI, Part 1 William Shakespeare Drawn from 16th century English sources, Joan begins with the appearance of piety but soon proves to be a cunning witch justly executed. Project Gutenberg text: [5].
1756 La Pucelle des Oranges Voltaire A mock epic poem that explores typically Voltairean themes deriding mysticism as humbug. Wikisource text (in French): [6]
1796 Joan of Arc Robert Southey An epic poem
1801 Die Jungfrau von Orleans Friedrich Schiller In literary rebuttal to Voltaire, Schiller creates a sympathetic Joan as a Romantic heroine. A magic helmet renders her invincible until she falls in love, and is killed in battle rather than being burned at the stake. This drama was the basis of Tchaikovsky's opera of the same name. Project Gutenberg text in English: [7].
1817 Histoire de Jeanne d'Arc Tome1 Tome2 Tome3 Tome4 Philippe-Alexandre Le Brun de Charmettes Drawn from her own declarations, 144 depositions of witnesses, and manuscripts of the library of the King and the Tower of London.
1819 L'Orléanide: Poème National en Vingt-Huit Chants Philippe-Alexandre Le Brun de Charmettes Epic poem based on his Histoire de Jeanne d'Arc[2]
1821 The Destiny of Nations Samuel Taylor Coleridge Initially part of Robert Southey's Joan of Arc
1849 "Couteau de Executioner ou Jéanne d'Arc: Un conte de l'Inquisition" Eugène Sue From serial novel Les Mystères du Peuple. Translated into English as The Executioner's Knife or Joan of Arc: A Tale of the Inquisition by Daniel De Leon (1910)
1894 La Mission de Jeanne d'Arc Thérèse of Lisieux The first of two 'pious recreations' written by the Saint; "small theatrical pieces performed by a few nuns for the rest of the community, on the occasion of certain feast days." Performed at the Carmel on 21 January 1894, it featured Thérèse in the title role. The script, which focuses more heavily upon Joan's interaction with her visions, has since been widely circulated with Saint Thérèse's writings, as has that of its sequel.
1895 Jeanne d'Arc Accomplit Sa Mission Thérèse of Lisieux Sequel to La Mission de Jeanne d'Arc, this was performed exactly one year later, 21 January 1895. Again featuring Thérèse as Joan, its focus is upon her martyrdom. In the estimation of Thérèse's biographer, Ida Görres, the two plays "are scarcely veiled self-portraits."
1896 Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc Mark Twain This work is little remembered yet in Mark Twain's own opinion was his finest work. Twain spent months in France researching newly rediscovered documents and years of research overall. This reverent fictional biography is Twain's most uncharacteristic novel. Project Gutenberg text: Vol. 1 and Vol. 2. He published it under a different pseudonym: Jean François Alden.
1896 Jeanne d'Arc Charles Péguy Play chronicling Joan's life
1910 Jéanne d'Arc, Médium Léon Denis Translated into English as The Mystery of Joan of Arc by Arthur Conan Doyle (1924)
1912 Tapisserie de Sainte Geneviève et Jeanne d'Arc Charles Péguy Poem about Joan and Saint Geneviève
1923 Gilles und Johanna Georg Kaiser Expressionist drama explores Joan's relationship with her general Gilles de Rais, who would become one of the most-notorious criminals in French history
1923 Saint Joan George Bernard Shaw This drama, widely esteemed as Shaw's masterpiece, draws heavily from trial records. Historians dismiss Shaw's contention that she was an early Protestant with impartial judges. Subsequent twentieth century plays often mirror Shaw's interest in her trial. ISBN 0-14-043791-6
1930 Saint Joan of the Stockyards Bertolt Brecht Transposes Joan to working-class Chicago and portrays her as a labor leader. 1st of his 3 plays on Joan. ISBN 1-55970-420-9
1935 A Vida de Joana D'Arc Érico Veríssimo A Brazilian historical novel addressed to young people.
1937 Der Prozeß der Johanna von Arc zu Rouen Anna Seghers In German. Radio play based on the trial records.
1942 The Visions of Simone Machard Bertolt Brecht and Lion Feuchtwanger A girl imagines herself as Joan during World War II while in a dream. Second of his 3 plays on Joan.
1943 The Fountainhead Ayn Rand Rand's original manuscript of The Fountainhead included a major character named Vesta Dunning, a talented young actress whose greatest dream is to play Joan of Arc on the stage. In one scene, Dunning is shown rehearsing a long monologue by Joan of Arc ("If you but follow me, we'll lift together the siege of Orleans and win freedom!"). However, Rand - pressured by her publisher to shorten the book - entirely dropped this character from the final published text. The deleted parts, including the Joan of Arc monologue, were published after Rand's death by Leonard Peikoff.[3]
1946 Joan of Lorraine Maxwell Anderson This play-within-a-play is chiefly memorable for Ingrid Bergman's Tony-winning performance. ASIN B0006YOM36
1952 The Trial of Joan of Arc of Proven, 1431 Bertolt Brecht and Benno Besson Adaptation of Anna Seghers's Der Prozeß der Johanna von Arc zu Rouen
1953 L'Alouette Jean Anouilh An allegory of Vichy collaboration in the aftermath of World War II. Lillian Hellman's noteworthy English translation adds a critique of McCarthyism and included a score by Leonard Bernstein. ISBN 0-8222-0634-X
1955 Seraphic Dialogue Martha Graham Modern-dance work in one act with choreography by Graham, music by Norman Dello Joio, set by Isamu Noguchi, costumes by Graham, and lighting by Jean Rosenthal. It was originally choreographed as a solo (same music, 1950) under Triumph of St Joan. In this revised version, Joan looks back over her life in a series of danced dialogues with her guiding spirit, St Michael, and with three figures who represent different aspects of her nature: maid, warrior, and martyr. At the work's close, the transfigured Joan takes her place among the saints. [8]
1956 De Jungfrur av Orleans Sven Stolpe Novel written as Joan telling the reader about her life story.
1961 Die Sendung des Mädchens Jeanne d'Arc M.J. Krück von Poturzyn Romanticized novel about the life of Joan of Arc.
1964 The Dead Lady of Clown Town Cordwainer Smith A far-future science fiction story with strong parallels to the history of Joan of Arc.
1968 The Image of the Beast Philip José Farmer Joan of Arc is portrayed as an alien sexual predator, still alive in the 20th century but with her body altered to enable the also-alien 15th-century serial killer Gilles de Rais to live within her vagina dentata as a fang-toothed venomous snake that bites and paralyses men during intercourse.
1972 "Jeanne d'Arc" Patti Smith Poem. From Seventh Heaven.
1974 Blood Red, Sister Rose Thomas Keneally The novel explores the imagined psychology of Joan and tells her story from Domrémy to the coronation of Charles VII. Significant secondary characters include Charles and Gilles de Rais. The novel enters into the minds of Joan and Charles but not of Gilles. A notable feature of the book is the conversations of Joan with her voices. ISBN 0-00-221087-8
1975 The Banner of Joan H. Warner Munn Book-length poem about Joan's life.[4]
1981 Joan of Arc: The Image of Female Heroism Marina Warner (University of California Press, 1981 ISBN 0-520-22464-7) The work is not so much a biography as a book about Joan of Arc or, more precisely, how she has been perceived by others over the centuries and how that perception has shaped her image.
1993 The Second Coming of Joan of Arc Carolyn Gage A one woman-lesbian play. Joan returns to share her story with contemporary women. She tells her experiences with the highest levels of church, state, and military, portraying male institutions as brutal and misogynistic. ISBN 0-939821-06-0
1997 An Army of Angels Pamela Marcantel A novel which depicts Joan of Arc according to the author's conception of her personality. ISBN 0-312-18042-X
1999 Jeanne d'Arc Michel Peyramaure A novel in two parts (in French). ISBN 2-221-08922-7, 2-221-08923-5.
2003 Monstrous Regiment Terry Pratchett Part of the Discworld series, a fictional character styled after Joan of Arc dresses as a man to lead an army. ISBN 0-06-001316-8
2005 La Hire: Ou la Colère de Jéanne Régine Deforges Joan's story from the perspective of military commander La Hire ISBN 2-213-62497-6
2006 Rogue Angel Series Alex Archer A series of action/adventure novels, the main character of which is the successor to Joan of Arc.
2006 Johanna Felicitas Hoppe Postmodern novel rejecting any endeavor to fictionalize Joan of Arc. ISBN 978-3-596-16743-2
2008 The Magician: The Secrets of the Immortal Nicholas Flamel Michael Scott Fantasy novel in which Joan of Arc features prominently. She is an immortal living in modern-day Paris. It is explained that she was rescued from her execution by the warrior Scathach.
2012 Sparrow: The True Story of Joan of Arc Michael Morpurgo Historical novel about Joan for children.[5]
2013 Fate/Apocrypha Yuichiro Higashide Part of the Fate franchise. Joan is summoned as a Ruler-class Servant to oversee the Great Holy Grail War, in which two teams consisting of seven Servants battle for control of the Holy Grail.
2022 I, Joan Charlie Josephine Debut at the Shakespeare's Globe Theatre. Portrays Joan as trans and non-binary, as a central theme of the plot. Both the playwright (Charlie Josephine), and the actor playing Joan (Isobel Thom) also identify as non-binary.
2022 The Genesis of Misery Neon Yang Neon Yang's novel is a retelling of the story of Joan of Arc as a mecha space opera. It is the first in a planned trilogy.
2023 Born to Do This: The Joan of Arc Rock Opera[6] Zoe Bradford Debut at The Company Theatre in Norwell, Massachusetts.[7] A sung-through, contemporary rock opera based on Jeanne D'Arc's life and death.

Operas, oratorios, and vocal works

[edit]
Date Title Composer Genre Notes
1789 Giovanna d'Arco Gaetano Andreozzi opera Libretto by Antonio Simeone Sografi. Premiere at the Teatro Nuovo Eretenio in Vicenza on 27 June 1789.
1790 Jeanne d'Arc à Orléans Rodolphe Kreutzer opéra comique Libretto by Pierre Jean Baptiste Choudard Desforges. Premiered at the Comédie-Italienne on 10 May 1790.
1821 Giovanna d'Arco Salvatore Viganò ballet Plot influenced by Die Jungfrau von Orleans by Schiller. Premiered at La Scala on 3 March 1821.
1821 Jeanne d'Arc à Orléans Michele Carafa opéra comique Libretto by Emmanuel Théaulon and Armand Dartois, after Schiller. Premiere at Théâtre Feydeau on 10 March 1821.
1825 Giovanna d'Arco Giuseppe Nicolini opera Libretto by Apostolo Zeno. Premiered at Teatro Regio on 22 January 1825.
1827 Giovanna d'Arco Nicola Vaccai opera Libretto by Gaetano Rossi. Premiered at La Fenice on 17 February 1827.
1830 Giovanna d'Arco Giovanni Pacini opera Libretto by Gaetano Barbieri, after Schiller. Premiered at La Scala on 14 March 1830.
1832 Giovanna d'Arco Gioachino Rossini cantata Anonymous text set for contralto and piano. Orchestral version by Salvatore Sciarrino.
1837 Joan of Arc Michael William Balfe opera Premiered at Drury Lane on 30 November 1837
1845 Giovanna d'Arco Giuseppe Verdi opera Libretto by Temistocle Solera, after Schiller. Premiered at La Scala on 15 February 1845.
1865 Jeanne d'Arc Gilbert Duprez opera Libretto by Joseph Méry, after Schiller. Premiered at Salle Le Peletier on 24 October 1865.
1873–1877 Jeanne d'Arc Text by Jules Barbier; music by Charles Gounod. drama Incidental music for Barbier's play
1878 The Maid of Orleans Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky opera Plot influenced by Schiller.
1913 Giovanna d'Arco Marco Enrico Bossi oratorio Libretto by Luigi Orsini, after Schiller.
1921 Giovanna d'Arco Alberto Pestalozza Marionette opera Libretto by Pestalozza, after Schiller. Premiered in Turin on 17 September 1921
1939 Jeanne d'Arc au Bûcher Text by Paul Claudel; music by Arthur Honegger dramatic oratorio Ends with the Inquisition accusing Joan's judges of heresy. Marion Cotillard played Joan in 2005, 2012, and 2015.
1943 Szenen aus dem Leben der Heiligen Johanna Music and libretto by Walter Braunfels Opera Based on the actual documents of Joan's trial. Was not performed until 2001.
1950 The Triumph of St. Joan Norman Dello Joio Opera Adapted by Joio into an opera for television (1956), a one-act opera (1959), and a symphony (1951).
1953 Ballade des Dames du temps jadis Musical adaptation by Georges Brassens of a poem by François Villon Art song Brassens set a number of poems to music, and often performed them himself.
1956 Le triomphe de Jeanne Henri Tomasi opera-oratorio Libretto by Tomasi and Philippe Soupault, after Schiller. Premiered at the Théâtre-Cirque in Rouen on 23 June 1956.
1966 Choruses from The Lark by Jean Anouilh music by Leonard Bernstein choral pieces Incidental score for a production of the play in an adaptation by Lillian Hellman.
1971 The Survival of St. Joan Text by James Lineberger; music by Hank Ruffin, and Gary Ruffin rock opera Based on a legend of Joan escaping her execution, and being kept in the home of a shepherd.
1976 Das Mädchen aus Domrémy Music and libretto by Giselher and Lore Klebe opera Based on Die Jungfrau von Orleans. Premiered at the Staatsoper Stuttgart on 19 June 1976.
1989 Mistero e processo di Giovanna d'Arco Roberto De Simone Melodrama Libretto by De Simone, after Schiller. Premiered at Teatro Verdi in Pisa on 26 October 1989.
1994 Voices of Light Richard Einhorn choral orchestral work Inspired by The Passion of Joan of Arc; uses sacred texts by Hildegard of Bingen.
1997 Jeanne: The Joan of Arc Musical text by Vincent de Tourdonnet; music by Peter Sipos musical theatre Based on historical research. Translated into French by Antonine Maillet. Renamed Jeanne la Pucelle.
2017 Joan of Arc: Into the Fire David Byrne rock opera Joan is re-imagined, in Byrne's words, as "a religious maniac who raised an army to kill people".[8][9]

Images

[edit]
Date Title Artist Location Notes Image
10 May 1429 Clément de Fauquembergue Sketch in the margin of the register of the Parlement of Paris by Clément de Fauquembergue, 1429, drawn on the day that news arrived in Paris of the French victory at Orléans. Though Fauquembergue never saw her in person, this is the only extant depiction from her lifetime (apart from her possible likeness of the head of Saint-Maurice in Orléans).
c. 1450 "Joan of Arc compared to Judith", miniature in an illustrated manuscript of Le Champion des Dames by Martin le Franc. Joan of Arc is shown standing next Judith beheading Holofernes. Joan at right is holding her coat of arms
c. 1450–1500 Miniature portrait (Centre Historique des Archives Nationales, Paris, AE II 2490, dated to the second half of the 15th century).
c. 1460 Chronique de Charles VII Jean Chartier Miniature portrait in an illustrated manuscript, similar portrayal to Le Champion des Dames.
1493 Jeanne Hunts Prostitutes in the Army Martial d'Auvergne Miniature from Vigiles du roi Charles VII à neuf psaumes et neuf leçons
1493 Siege of Orléans Martial d'Auvergne Miniature from Vigiles du roi Charles VII à neuf psaumes et neuf leçons
1493 Joan of Arc and Charles VII, King of France Martial d'Auvergne Miniature from Vigiles du roi Charles VII à neuf psaumes et neuf leçons
1493 The Citizens of Troyes Hand Over City Keys to the Dauphin and Joan of Arc Martial d'Auvergne Miniature from Vigiles du roi Charles VII à neuf psaumes et neuf leçons
1493 The Assault on Paris Martial d'Auvergne Miniature from Vigiles du roi Charles VII à neuf psaumes et neuf leçons
1493 Jeanne is Driven in Front of Her Judges Martial d'Auvergne Miniature from Vigiles du roi Charles VII à neuf psaumes et neuf leçons
1493 Jeanne Being Tied Up Martial d'Auvergne Miniature from Vigiles du roi Charles VII à neuf psaumes et neuf leçons
15th century Chronique abrégée des rois de France, [Chronicle of the Kings of France] Coronation of Charles VII in Reims; Joan of Arc at right holding Banner of France
late 15th century untitled ? Hermitage of Notre-Dame de Bermont, France Fresco of two young women: one a peasant girl at prayer, the other dressed in male attire: possible depictions of Joan of Arc rediscovered underneath a later work. Joan of Arc was known to pray often at the site.
late 15th century Joan of Arc ? Hermitage of Notre-Dame de Bermont, France The young girl is kneeling, doubtless in a chateau, because the ground is not the beaten earth of the houses of the era but a green and black tile-flooring. She is dressed in grey, with high hose, an attire of a man. Thence to think that it has to do with the departure from Vaucouleurs or arrival at Chinon, there is not but to take a step; to prove it is another thing.
c. 1500 "helmeted head of a statue" Musée Historique et Archeologique, Orléans The head of a statue, discovered in 1820 in the ruins of the Church of Saint-Maurice, Orléans, long considered to have been modelled after the likeness of Joan of Arc.[10]
1505 Joan of Arc on horseback Jean Pichore Musée Dobrée Illustration from Les Vies des femmes célèbres de Antoine Du Four (1504-1506)
1557 Portrait of the Town Council of Orléans ? Joan of Arc wears a robe with slashed sleeves and a plume (symbolic of victory in war) and holds a sword. This became a model for many later portraits.
1620 Joan of Arc at Prayer Peter Paul Rubens North Carolina Museum of Art, Raleigh, North Carolina
1819 Jeanne d'Arc prisonnière à Rouen (Jeanne d'Arc prisoner to Rouen) Pierre Révoil Musée des Beaux-Arts de Rouen oil on canvas, 137 cm (53.9 in) x 174.5 cm (68.7 in).
1824 Jeanne d'Arc interrogated in prison by the cardinal of Winchester Paul Delaroche Musée des Beaux-Arts, Rouen oil on canvas 277 x 217 cm
1830 The Painter's Studio Josef Danhauser Museum of Fine Arts, Budapest
1833 Jeanne d'Arc, in the presence of Charles VII, answers questions from churchmen about her visions and revelations Gillot Saint-Èvre Louvre, Paris 170 x 140 cm
1833 Jeanne d'Arc in prison Gillot Saint-Èvre private collection oil on canvas, 119 x 109 cm
1835 The Arrest of Jeanne d'Arc Adèle Martin private collection oil on canvas, 112 x 85 cm
before 1843 Jeanne d'Arc Raymond Monvoisin Collection of the Palacio Vergara de Viña del Mar oil on canvas, 142 × 101 cm (55.9 × 39.8 in)
1843 "Joan of Arc, On finding in the church of St Catherine de Frébus the sword she dreamt of, devotes herself & it to the service of God & her country" William Etty Sold by Bonhams in 2021 Left hand panel of triptych
1843 Jeanne d'Arc à la sortie d'Orléans, repoussant les Anglais
[Joan of Arc at the exit of Orléans, repelling the English] ' 		William Etty Musée des Beaux-Arts d'Orléans Central panel of triptych
1843 "Joan of Arc, after rendering the most signal services to her Prince and people, is suffered to die a martyr in their cause" William Etty Library of Congress Sketch of Right hand Panel of triptych Showing martyrdom of Joan of Arc from C.W.Wass engraving
1843 "Joan of Arc, after rendering the most signal services to her Prince and people, is suffered to die a martyr in their cause" William Etty Penny Illustrated News Penny Illustrated News Sketch of Right hand Panel of triptych Showing martyrdom of Joan of Arc from C.W.Wass engraving
1843 Auftreten von Heiliges Catherine und Michael zu Johanna von Arc Hermann Anton Stilke Hermitage Museum, Saint Petersburg oil on canvas, 119.5 × 83.5 cm (47 × 32.9 in)
1843 Johanna von Arc in der Schlacht Hermann Anton Stilke Hermitage Museum, Saint Petersburg oil on canvas, 135 × 146 cm (53.1 × 57.5 in)
1843 Tod von Johanna von Arc auf dem Scheiterhaufen Hermann Anton Stilke Hermitage Museum, Saint Petersburg oil on canvas 119.5 × 83.5 cm (47 × 32.9 in)
1843 Entry of Jeanne d'Arc at Orléans, 8 May 1429 Henry Scheffer Palace of Versailles (Galerie des Batailles), Versailles oil on canvas, Height: 425 cm (167.3 in). Width: 483 cm (190.2 in)
1847–1852 Capturer de Jeanne d'Arc Adolf Alexander Dillens Hermitage Museum, Saint Petersburg 52.5 × 72 cm (20.7 × 28.3 in)
1852 Johanna von Orléans in der Schlacht August Gustav Lasinsky oil on canvas, 76,5 x 107,5 cm.
1854 Jeanne au Couronnement de Charles VII Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres Musée du Louvre, Paris oil on canvas, 240 cm (94.5 in) x 178 cm (70.1 in)
ca. 1859 Jeanne d'Arc écoutant ses voix (Joan of Arc listening to voices) François-Léon Benouville Musée des Beaux-Arts de Rouen
ca. 1860 Jeanne d'Arc au siège de Paris (Joan of Arc at the Siege of Paris) Jozef Van Lerius Private collection oil on panel, 108.8 × 179 cm (46 ¾ x 70 ½ in)
1863 Joan of Arc Kissing the Sword of Deliverance Dante Gabriel Rossetti Strasbourg Museum of Modern and Contemporary Art, Strasbourg oil on canvas, 61.2 × 53.2 cm (24.1 × 20.9 in)
1864 Jeanne d'Arc Prisoner of the English Stanisław Chlebowski Musée Barrois (Bar-le-Duc), France
1864 Joan of Arc Dante Gabriel Rossetti private collection watercolor and bodycolour over pencil, 31 × 30 cm (12.2 × 11.8 in)
1865 Joan of Arc at Prayer John Everett Millais Private collection
1876 Jeanne d'Arc écoutant les voix (Joan of Arc's awe upon receiving a vision from the Archangel Michael) Eugène Thirion Ville de Chatou, église Notre-Dame oil on canvas
1879 Jeanne d'Arc Jules Bastien-Lepage Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City oil on canvas 100" x 110"
1880 Joan Captured by the Burgundians at Compiègne Giraudon Panthéon, Paris mural
1884 Joan of Arc Listening for the First Time to the Voices That Predict Her Prominent Fate Pedro Américo Museu Nacional de Belas Artes, Rio de Janeiro oil on canvas, 229 × 156 cm (90.2 × 61.4 in)
1886 The Maid of Orleans, entrance of Joan of Arc into Reims in 1429 Jan Matejko National Museum in Kraków
1887 Entree de Jeanne d'Arc à Orléans Jean-Jacques Scherrer Musée Jeanne-d'Arc, Rouen
1889 Joan of Arc, or Breton girl spinning Paul Gauguin Van Gogh Museum, Amsterdam Fresco in wooden support, 134 × 62.9 cm (52.8 × 24.8 in)
1880–1890 Jeanne d'Arc hears her voices Eugène Carrière Musée d'Orsay, Paris
1886–1890 Jeanne d'Arc, Bergère Jules Eugène Lenepveu Panthéon, Paris
1886–1890 Jeanne d'Arc in armor before Orléans Jules Eugène Lenepveu Panthéon, Paris
1886–1890 Jeanne d'Arc in Rheims at the time of king Charles VII's coronation Jules Eugène Lenepveu Panthéon, Paris
1886–1890 Jeanne at the stake Jules Eugène Lenepveu Panthéon, Paris
1895 Sleeping Joan of Arc George W. Joy
1896 L'histoire de Jeanne d'Arc Louis-Maurice Boutet de Monvel illustrations for his L'histoire de Jeanne d'Arc[11]
19th century Jeanne d'Arc + 1431 ? Musée Louis-Philippe, Eu, Seine-Maritime oil on canvas, 124.5 × 89 cm (49 × 35 in)
ca. 19th century "Joan of Arc Burning at the Stake" Frédéric Théodore Lix (1830–1897)
ca. 19th/20th century Jeanne d´Arc François Chifflart Oil on canvas, 75 x 60 cm.
late 19th century Joan of Arc Kneeling Before an Angel Henryk Siemiradzki
ca. 1901 Jeanne d'Arc François Chifflart Oil on canvas, 73 x 60 cm.
1903 Jeanne d'Arc Albert Lynch engraving from Figaro Illustre magazine
1907 Joan of Arc in Battle Frank Craig
1909 Sainte Jeanne d'Arc Paul de La Boulaye oil on canvas
1909 Maude Adams as Joan of Arc Alphonse Mucha
before 1911 Joan of Arc in Prison Howard Pyle private collection oil on canvas
1912 Portrait of Joan of Arc Andrew C.P. Haggard
1912 Jeanne d'Arc Roger de La Fresnaye Musée d'art moderne de Troyes, Troyes
1918 Joan of Arc Frank Schoonover illustrations for the Lucy Foster Madison book Joan of Arc
? (19th century) The departure of Jeanne d'Arc Jean-Jacques Scherrer Musée Jeanne-d'Arc, Vaucouleurs oil on canvas 430 x 320 cm
? St. Joan John William Waterhouse (1849–1917) private collection oil on canvas, 48 × 55 cm (18.9 × 21.7 in)
? Joan of Arc Charles-Amable Lenoir (1860–1926) private collection
? Jeanne d'Arc Gaston Bussière
? Joan of Arc Gari Melchers (1860–1932) Indianapolis Museum of Art, Indianapolis oil on canvas, 30 × 23 in (76.2 × 58.4 cm)
before 1933 Joan of Arc Annie Swynnerton
c. 1897 Joan of Arc Harold H. Piffard Public collection oil on canvas, 91.5 × 72.2 cm (36 × 28.4 in)
c. 1900 Joan of Arc William Blake Richmond Private collection oil on canvas, 99.1 × 80.6 cm (36 × 28.4 in)
1989 Adam and Eve[12][13][14] George Martin Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual & Transgender Community Center, New York, USA acrylic on wall
1999 Jehanne 1429 Arnaud Courlet de Vregille Encyclopédie des Arts en Franche-Comté, Jacques Rittaud-Hutinet, 2004 Acrylic and pastel, 60 x 40
2001 Joan of Arc[15] Donato Giancola 17" x 27" Oil on Paper
2013 Joan of Arc[16] Donato Giancola 24" x 42" Oil on Panel

Sculpture

[edit]
Date Artist Location Notes
1852 François Rude Paris, Jardin du Luxembourg Standing figure.
1855 Denis Foyatier, with bas relief pedestal by Vital Dubray Orléans, place du Martroi Bronze equestrian statue.
1874 Emmanuel Frémiet Philadelphia, Fairmount Park Equestrian statue. Made from a plaster mold commissioned in 1874 by Napoleon III and originally located in Paris; a copy of the Paris statue was commissioned by Philadelphia, but Frémiet sent the original, as he had replaced the Paris statue with a revised one. [9] Archived 30 May 2010 at the Wayback Machine. [10] Archived 30 May 2010 at the Wayback Machine, [11]
1882 Frederic Leroux Compiègne, France
1889 Paul DuBois Reims, France Equestrian statue.
1891 Marius Mercié Domrémy-la-Pucelle, France
1892 Louis-Ernest Barrias Bonsecours, France Standing figure in white marble and gold leaf. In 1990 the original was moved to the church basilica and its gold leaf was removed. A copy in gold leaf now occupies the site where the original once stood.
1895 Paul DuBois Paris, Place St. Augustin Equestrian Statue located in front of the Eglise St. Augustin. Copies were placed in other cities in France, such as Rheims and Strasbourg.
1899 Emmanuel Frémiet Paris, Place des Pyramides Equestrian statue. Originally commissioned in 1874 by Napoleon III; this is a revised version of the statue Frémiet made at that time.
1900 Prosper d'Épinay Rheims, France Standing figure. Donated to Reims cathedral in 1909.
1907 Emmanuel Frémiet State Library of Victoria, Australia Equestrian statue, replica of the Emmanuel Frémiet statue in Paris.
1915 Anna Hyatt Huntington New York City, Riverside Park at 93rd Street Equestrian statue. This was the first public statue in the city to be dedicated to a woman (as opposed to idealized concepts such as Liberty and Victory). Information from the New York Public Art Curriculum site: [12]. A replica of this statue can also be found in Gloucester, Massachusetts.[17] A reduced version is located at Longwood University in Farmville, Virginia.[18]
1915 Paul Manship Smithsonian American Art Museum Medal, showing an equestrian figure on the obverse and a figure at the stake on the reverse.
After 1921 Matane, Quebec, church of St. Joan of Arc Standing figure.
1922 Paul DuBois Washington, D.C., Meridian Hill Park Bronze copy of the statue by DuBois at Reims Cathedral.
1920 St. Louis Cathedral, New Orleans, Louisiana Standing figure. It was donated to the cathedral by "The Sodality of Saint Joan of Arc."
cast 1924 Emmanuel Frémiet Portland, Oregon, Laurelhurst neighborhood Equestrian statue. It was erected as a tribute to the fallen soldiers of World War I and is a replica of the Frémiet statue at Place des Pyramides in Paris. [13]
1947 Laval (Quebec) Standing figure.
? Lanson Jargeau, France place du Martroy Standing figure
? ? Notre-Dame de Montréal Basilica – Montreal Standing figure, to the left of the altar.
1972 Emmanuel Frémiet Decatur Street, French Market – New Orleans, Louisiana Equestrian statue. It was a gift from the People of France to the City of New Orleans and is a replica of the Frémiet statue at Place des Pyramides in Paris.[19]
? ? Eglise St-Pierre – Mont Saint-Michel – France Standing figure, by the entrance to the church.

Film and television

[edit]
Date title country Notes
1898 Jeanne d'Arc France short film directed by Georges Hatot
1900 Jeanne d'Arc France short film directed by George Méliès, starring Jeanne Calvière
1908 Jeanne d'Arc France directed by Albert Capellani, starring Léontine Massart
1908 Giovanna d'Arco Italy directed by Mario Caserini starring Maria Gasperini, based on Schiller's play
1913 Giovanna d'Arco Italy directed by Ubaldo Maria Del Colle starring Maria Jacobini
1917 Joan the Woman US directed by Cecil B. DeMille, starring Geraldine Farrar; set in the trenches of World War I
1921 The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse US "The Spirit of France" Intertitle has an image of an Equestrian statue of Joan
1927 Saint Joan US directed by Widgey R. Newman, starring Sybil Thorndike. Based on a scene from Shaw's play.
1928 The Passion of Joan of Arc France directed by Carl Theodor Dreyer, starring Renée Jeanne Falconetti. Widely regarded as one of the greatest films of the silent era; initially banned in Britain.
1929 The Marvelous Life of Joan of Arc France directed by Marco de Gastines, starring Simone Genevois
1935 Das Mädchen Johanna Germany directed by Gustav Ucicky, starring Angela Salloker
1944 De Jeanne d'Arc à Philippe Pétain France documentary narrated by Sacha Guitry
1948 Joan of Arc US directed by Victor Fleming, starring Ingrid Bergman, based on the Maxwell Anderson play
1952 Joan of Arc US Hallmark Hall of Fame television series episode
1954 Giovanna d'Arco al rogo Italy directed by Roberto Rossellini, starring Ingrid Bergman, based on the oratorio by Paul Claudel and Arthur Honegger
1954 Destinies France a film in sketches directed by Jean Delannoy, starring Michèle Morgan
1956 Jehanne France short film directed by Robert Enrico
1957 Saint Joan US directed by Otto Preminger, starring Jean Seberg, based on the George Bernard Shaw play
1957 The Story of Mankind US directed by Irwin Allen, featuring Hedy Lamarr as Joan. Based on a book by Hendrik Willem van Loon.
1957 The Lark US TV production of L'Alouette, starring Julie Harris, who played Joan on Broadway
1958 Saint Joan UK TV adaptation of Shaw's play, starring Siobhán McKenna
1960 Jeanne d'Arc auf dem Scheiterhaufen Germany movie for TV starring Margot Trooger, a version of the Honegger oratorio
1961 Jeanne au Vitrail France short film directed by Claude Antoine
1962 Procès de Jeanne d'Arc France directed by Robert Bresson, starring Florence Delay
1962 Histoire de Jeanne France short film directed by Francis Lacassin
1966 Der Fall Jeanne d'Arc Germany TV movie directed by Paul Verhoeven, starring Kathrin Schmid
1967 Saint Joan United States NBC television adaptation of Shaw's play, starring Geneviève Bujold
1968 St. Joan UK another television adaptation of Shaw's play, starring Janet Suzman
1970 The Beginning USSR directed by Gleb Panfilov, starring Inna Churikova
1978 Heilige Jeanne (Sacred Joan) Netherlands TV movie starring Rutger Hauer
1983 Joan of Arc UK with commentary by Marina Warner
1989 Bill & Ted's Excellent Adventure US Joan (Jane Wiedlin) and other historic figures are transported to San Dimas for a history project. Memorable lines include "Who was Joan of Arc?" "Noah's wife?" "Welcome aboard, Miss of Arc!"
1989 Giovanna d'Arco Italy Verdi's opera directed by Werner Herzog starring Susan Dunn, based on Schiller's play
1990 Jeanne d'Ark: Visjon Gjennom Eld Norway TV movie written by Juni Dahr
1993 Jeanne d'Arc au Bûcher Japan TV movie of the Honegger-Claudel oratorio (in French), starring Marthe Keller
1994 Jeanne la Pucelle France directed by Jacques Rivette, starring Sandrine Bonnaire
1999 The Messenger: The Story of Joan of Arc France directed by Luc Besson, starring Milla Jovovich, John Malkovich, Faye Dunaway and Dustin Hoffman
1999 Joan of Arc Canada TV mini-series starring Leelee Sobieski
1999 Wired Angel US directed by Sam Wells, music by Joe Renzetti
2004 Jeanne d'Arc France directed by Laurent Preyale
2011 Jeanne Germany directed by Shahram Varza, premiere São Paulo International Film Festival 2011
2016 The Hollow Crown United Kingdom TV series adapted from Shakespeare's Henry VI, Part 1, appears in second series episode Henry VI, Part 1, portrayed by Laura Frances-Morgan
2017 Jeannette: The Childhood of Joan of Arc France directed by Bruno Dumont
2019 Joan of Arc France directed by Bruno Dumont; sequel to Jeannette: The Childhood of Joan of Arc
[edit]

Advertising

[edit]

Culinary

[edit]

Fashion

[edit]

Joan of Arc has often been depicted in fashion.[23]

Finance

[edit]

Music

[edit]
Date Title Artist/Group Notes
1917 Joan of Arc Henry Burr Performed by Henry Burr on Columbia's label.
1917 Joan of Arc's Answer Song J. L. Lavoy The sheet music cover has an illustration of Joan of Arc on horseback with outstretched sword with soldiers of various nations charging underneath.
1917 Joan of Arc They Are Calling You Jack Wells The cover illustration for the sheet music to this song depicts Joan of Arc leading an attack.
1970 Songs of Love and Hate (album) Leonard Cohen Contains a song (released as a single in 1971) titled "Joan of Arc", and lyrics in the song "Last Year's Man" that refer to her: "I met a lady, she was playing with her soldiers in the dark, oh one by one she had to tell them that her name was Joan of Arc."
1975 "Kimberly" (song) Patti Smith From the album Horses, includes the lyrics, "The sea rushes up my knees like flame/ And I feel like just some misplaced Joan Of Arc."
1978 ''Joan'' (song) Art Bears A song about Joan of Arc from Hopes and Fears that was also played by Henry Cow in 1977 (a recording can be found on Later and Post Virgin).[29]
1981 Architecture & Morality (album) Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark Contains two songs about Joan of Arc titled "Joan of Arc" and "Joan of Arc (Maid of Orleans)", both were released as singles.
1984 "Eu Não Matei Joana d'Arc" (song) Camisa de Vênus Name of song means "I did not kill Joan of Arc". Humorous song where a man says that he never had an affair with Joan of Arc and is innocent in her death.
1986 "Bigmouth Strikes Again" (song) The Smiths Includes the lyrics, "And now I know how Joan of Arc felt, as the flames rose to her Roman nose and her Walkman started to melt", and "And now I know how Joan of Arc felt, as the flames rose to her Roman nose and her hearing aid started to melt."
1992 Destination (album) Eloy Contains a song titled "Jeanne d'Arc" about her life and fate.
1993 Houdini (album) Melvins Contains a song titled "Joan of Arc".
1994 Voices of Light (album) Richard Einhorn An oratorio inspired by the silent film The Passion of Joan of Arc. The libretto is based on excerpts from a variety of ancient writings, most of it from Medieval female mystics.
formed 1995 Joan of Arc The name of an indie rock band from Chicago
1995 "Vow" (song) Garbage Includes the lyrics, "You burned me out but I'm back at your door/ Like Joan of Arc coming back for more."
1998 "Joan of Arc (7")" (single) Low (band) Released on Tugboat Records
1998 "Siren" (album) Heather Nova Contains the song "I'm the Girl", in which Heather sings: "I'm a Joan of Arc, I'm the girl next door."
first release 1998 Janne Da Arc Japanese rock band named after the character in the manga Devilman by Go Nagai
1999 "She's So High" (song) Tal Bachman Includes the lyrics, "She's so high/ like Cleopatra, Joan of Arc, or Aphrodite", which speaks of the focus woman as being as smart as Cleopatra, as brave as Joan of Arc, and as beautiful as Aphrodite.
1999 "Right on Time" (song) Red Hot Chili Peppers From the album Californication, includes the lyrics, "Joan of Arc reincarnated/ Maybe we could be related/ So much blood to circulate/ And so much space to decorate."
2000 The Hall of the Olden Dreams (album) Dark Moor An album released from a Spanish power metal band. The album contains a song titled "Maid of Orleans", which is about the life of Joan of Arc.
2002 "Did Anybody Sleep With Joan of Arc?" (song) Elton John (music), Bernie Taupin (lyrics) A summary of Joan of Arc's life.
2002 "Free & Easy" (song) Ayumi Hamasaki Japanese singer and songwriter, based the lyrics and music video for her single on her interpretation of Joan of Arc's feelings. She also produced a photobook entitled Hamasaki Republic – Free & Easy where she was dressed as a warrior, a nun, and a knight.
2003 "Cadence" (song) Anberlin Includes the lyrics "Burning like Joan of Arc to See You", appearing on the band's debut album Blueprints for the Black Market.
2004 A Lifetime of Temporary Relief (album) Low (band) Minnesota-based indie rock band released two versions of their song "Joan of Arc."
2005 Plague Angel (album) Marduk Black metal band from Sweden, have a song entitled "Everything Bleeds", which is about Jeanne d'Arc.
2005 Aerial (album) Kate Bush Sings about Joan of Arc in "Joanni."
2005 Jeanne d'Arc (album) Thy Majestie Concept album about Joan of Arc by a power metal band from Italy.
2005 Jeanne d'Arc (album) Tangerine Dream Musical tribute to Joan of Arc performed on the occasion of the 300th anniversary of the French Cathedral in Berlin.
2006 "World of Stone" (song) Blackmore's Night The song is about Joan of Arc, appearing on their 5th studio album, The Village Lanterne.
2006 Joan of Arc (album) Tony Conrad Joan of Arc is a 2006 album by composer Tony Conrad. The piece, which lasts unbroken for over an hour, was originally written by Conrad as a soundtrack to accompany Piero Heliczer's eponymous short film.
2006 "The Martyr's Lounge" (song) Ellis Paul Includes the lyrics, "JFK, Joan of Arc / sit in the corner, kissing in the dark".
2006 The Black Parade (album) My Chemical Romance Joan of Arc appears of the artwork of the vinyl cover, and the CD insert[30]
2007 "Joan of Arc" (song) David Guetta 12th song on the album Pop Life
2007 The Historical Conquests of Josh Ritter (album) Josh Ritter The song "To the Dogs or Whoever" (the album's opening track) mentions Joan of Arc and other historical women
2008 "鏡の中のジャンヌ・ダルク" ("Kagami no Naka no Jean d'Arc", song) AKB48 The ninth song in a theater setlist titled Pajama Drive, later also performed by its sister groups; SKE48, NMB48, HKT48, and JKT48.
2008 Godspeed on the Devil's Thunder (album) Cradle of Filth A concept album about the life of Joan of Arc's companion-in-arms Gilles de Rais, in which she is a central character.
2008 "Joan" (song) Heather Dale The fifth track on her fourth studio album, The Gabriel Hounds. Joan sings the story of her own life and crusade.
2008 "Lenders In The Temple" (song) Conor Oberst Includes the lyrics "So watch your back, the Ides of March, Cut your hair like Joan of Arc"
2010 "Pearl" (song) Katy Perry Includes the lyrics "She could be a Joan of Arc"
2013 "Joan of Arc" (song) Arcade Fire The seventh track in Arcade Fire's fourth studio album Reflektor.
2013 "Miley Cyrus vs Joan of Arc" (song) Epic Rap Battles of History Singer and actress Miley Cyrus (Michelle Glavan) battles French folk heroine Joan of Arc (Jessi Smiles).[31][32]
2014 "Saint Joan" (song) Husky (band) The second track in Husky's second album Ruckers Hill.
2015 "Joan of Arc" (song) Madonna The eight song on Madonna's album Rebel Heart.[33]
2015 "Jeanne d'Arc" Wednesday Campanella The fifth song on the album Jugem' Je t'aime[34]
2016 "Joanni" (song) Kate Bush Before The Dawn Live performance
2017 The Vision, the Sword and the Pyre – Part I (album) Eloy Initial part of a two-part conceptual album about the life and fate of Jeanne d'Arc
2018 "Joan of Arc" (Little Mix song) Little Mix The sixth song from their fifth studio album "LM5".[35]
2019 The Vision, the Sword and the Pyre – Part II (album) Eloy Final part of the two-part conceptual album about the fate and death of Jeanne d'Arc
2024 "Joan in the Garden" (song) The Decemberists Released as a single and as side D of their double album As It Ever Was, So It Will Be Again[36]
2024 Good Luck, Babe (song) Chappell Roan Depicted Joan of Arc in live performance of Good Luck, Babe! at the 2024 MTV Video Music Awards[37]

Television episodes

[edit]
Date Series Notes Ref
1972–1978 Maude theme song includes 'Joan of Arc with the Lord to guide her/she was a sister who really cooked.' [14]
1979 M*A*S*H "Are You Now, Margaret?", Hawkeye references Joan of Arc. [15]
1981 Taiyo Sentai Sun Vulcan "The Cursed Dead" features Joan of Arc, Dracula and Billy the Kid resurrected to terrorize the titular team as they were souls never put to rest. [16]
1992 Forever Knight "For I Have Sinned", Nicholas Knight (Geraint Wyn Davies) recalls his friendship with Jeanne d'Arc (Christina Cox) as he tries to overcome his fear of the holy cross in order to track down a blasphemous murderer. [17]
1995 Wishbone "Bone of Arc" is based on Mark Twain's 1896 novel Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc [18]
1999 Buffy the Vampire Slayer "Fear, Itself", in this Halloween-themed episode, Willow chose to dress up like Joan of Arc, because she was also (almost) burned at the stake in "Gingerbread". [19]
2001 Witchblade "Parallax", Sara learns Joan of Arc wielded the Witchblade [20]
2003–2005 Joan of Arcadia a girl speaks with God and uses His influence to do good [21]
2004 Wonderfalls series theme inspired by Joan of Arc [22]
2006–2007 Heroes features a character named St. Joan [23]
2010−2013 Horrible Histories Series 2 features a sketch and series 5 features a song about Joan of Arc. Played by Alice Lowe and then Martha Howe-Douglas. [24]
2011 Deadliest Warrior "Joan of Arc vs. William the Conqueror" [25]
2016 The Hollow Crown Portrayed by Laura Frances-Morgan in Henry VI, Part 1 (S02E01) [38]
2017 Fate/Apocrypha Servant of the Ruler class (voiced by Maaya Sakamoto). [26]
2020 Devs Joan of Arc is briefly seen in episode 3 [27]

Video games

[edit]
Date Game Notes
1989 Joan of Arc – Siege and the Sword / Jeanne d'Arc Historically based war strategy and action game by Broderbund for Amiga, ST and PC.
1992 World Heroes series NeoGeo fighting game. The character Janne D'Arc, a beautiful French swordswoman with pyrokinetic powers, is very much inspired by Joan of Arc.
1995 Soul Edge Fighting game released by Namco about a sword full of evil spirits. The character Sophitia Alexandra shares a similar story to Joan of Arc, although they both eventually meet and bond with each other in Warriors Orochi 3 Ultimate.
1999 Age of Empires II: The Age of Kings The central character in one of the major campaigns in which she is depicted as a peasant at first but follows a historically driven plot leading to her capture and death.
2000 Perfect Dark Nintendo 64 game. Whilst in no way is the game about Joan, the central character Joanna Dark's name is a play on Jeanne d'Arc.[39]
2001 Civilization III The Leader of France's civilization is Joan of Arc.
2002 La Pucelle: Tactics PlayStation game. The title is an allusion to Joan of Arc. Most of the character and place names within the game are French, but the game scenario is unrelated fantasy.
2004 Wars and Warriors: Joan of Arc PC game, title character.
2006 Age of Empires: The Age of Kings Nintendo DS game major playable character.
2006 Jeanne d'Arc PSP game, title character (voiced by Kari Wahlgren) in a fantasy universe loosely based on the historical story.
2006, 2008 Yggdra Union Game Boy Advance/PSP game. Minor character Monica, a peasant girl who receives divine inspiration and rises up to defend her country from invasion, is based on Joan of Arc.
2007 Bladestorm: The Hundred Years' War PS3 game, Xbox 360 game, major character and leader of the French troops.
2008 Atlantica Online PC MMORPG, Hero Mercenary, evolved form of "Lady Knight" Mercenary
2009 Assassin's Creed II PS3/Xbox 360/PC action game. It is claimed that she had the 25th Piece of Eden, the Sword, and the Templars burned her alive to gain possession of it.
2009 Dragon Age Andraste, a messianic figure in the game world who is both a religious and military leader, is partially based upon Joan of Arc.
2010 Bayonetta PS3/Xbox 360/PC game contains a character named Jeanne who acts as Bayonetta's rival. She also possesses some references to the real life Joan of Arc, with her trademark red outfit being the product of the fictional Italian fashion brand D'arc.
2011 Deadliest Warrior: Legends PS3/Xbox 360 game. Historical warriors engage in one-on-one fighting; Joan of Arc is playable through downloadable content.
2012 Warriors Orochi 3 PS3/Xbox 360 hack and slash game, Joan's Bladestorm: The Hundred Years' War incarnation appears as a special guest character and is involved in the plot to save the world from destruction. In Ultimate update game, this is where Joan and Sophitia met and shares their bonds each other.
2013 Angel Master (エンジェルマスター, Enjeru Masutā) This iOS and Android card action game contains a character named Jeanne d'Arc (ジャンヌ・ダルク, Jan'nu Daruku), who is one of the game's three main characters.
2015 Fate/Grand Order Appears as a summonable servant in the Ruler, Avenger, Lancer, Archer, and Berserker classes. Also appears in the First Singularity: Hundred Years' War of the First Dragons: Orleans as the main ally (In ruler class) of the player and the antagonist of the singularity, The Dragon Witch (Avenger), who was summoned by Caster (Gilles de Rais) using the Holy Grail.
2018 Dragalia Lost Appears as a summonable dragon of the light element along with having a holiday alt of the water element. Also appears as a void boss and later a Gala Reborn dragon.

Comics and animation

[edit]
Date Title Format Notes Ref
1995 Jeanne Manga Three comic volume work set in the Hundred Years' War whose central character's life parallels that of Joan of Arc. By Yoshikazu Yasuhiko, based on story by Chōjun Ōtani
1995–1996 D'arc: Histoire de Jeanne D'arc Manga Two volume fantasy retelling the story of Joan of Arc. Art by Katsuya Kondō and story by Ken'ichi Sakemi.
1995–present Witchblade Comic, TV series Joan of Arc is a blade wielder. [28]
1998–2000 Histeria! Animation WB animated series that parodies a variety of figures from history. Joan of Arc is a regular character, voiced by Laraine Newman. She constantly extinguishes fires that spring up around her. She talks with a Valley Girl accent and introduces herself as "like, I'm Joan, Joan of Arc". [29]
1998–2004 Shaman King Anime The leader of the group X-Laws, Iron Maiden Jeanne, is a French girl who receives a divine revelation while praying in church that she must purge an evil force or the world will be destroyed.
17 March 2002 The Simpsons Animation In episode "Tales from the Public Domain", Lisa Simpson plays Joan of Arc and Milhouse plays the Dauphin, after Homer reads about her in a children's book. However, when Homer gets to the part where she was burned at the stake, Lisa says, "Was she killed?" and Marge runs in and says, "Just then, Sir Lancelot rode up on his white horse and saved Joan of Arc! They got married and lived in a spaceship!" She then tore the page out, ate it, and says, "Easier to chew than that Bambi video!" Episode synopsis: [30]. [31]
2002–ongoing Clone High Animation Joan of Arc's clone appears as a main character in the traditionally animated show. [32]
2003 Digimon Anime The seventh movie of the Digimon series features a Digimon named D'Arcmon (voiced by Takako Uehara) who is a female angel and soldier leading the "human-type" Digimon on Wondering Island. She uses a special sword attack called "La Pucelle". She later is revealed only to be a disguised form of Murmuxmon. [33]
2003 Yu-Gi-Oh! Anime, TCG In the Yu-Gi-Oh! Trading Card game there is a monster card named St. Joan (Saint Jeanne in Japan). It is summoned by fusing The Forgiving Maiden (Compassionate Nun) and Marie the Fallen One (Fallen Angel Marie).

In the anime Yu-Gi-Oh Duel Monsters, Shizuka Kawai (Serenity Wheeler) used it when she, Hiroto Honda (Tristan Taylor), and Ryuji Otogi (Duke Devlin) were forced to face Soichiro Ota (Nesbitt) of the Big five. With power ups from other cards it was able to destroy Ota's last monster, the Perfect Machine King, and win the duel in episode 107 "Saint Jeanne's Trinity Attack" ("Mechanical Mayhem Part 2").

2003 Ashita no Nadja Anime Nadja, Kennosuke, and Georg are treasure hunting for Joan of Arc's treasure. It turns out to be a seed that she planted that bloomed and spread into a field of flowers. She is briefly shown planting it in a flashback. [34]
2003–2009 Hetalia: Axis Powers Manga and Anime In a brief flashback to the Hundred Years' War, Joan of Arc (often known only as あのこ or "that kid" in-story) looks on in confusion while the anthropomorphic personification of England teases the anthropomorphic personification of France for "relying on a girl". Several centuries later, her supposed reincarnation is given a private tour of Mont Saint-Michel by France. [35]
2005 Top 10: The Forty-Niners Comic One of the officers, named Joanna Dark, dresses in chainmail and uses holy powers.
2006 Aflame Inferno Manhwa/Manga Joan of Arc appears as a character in the series.
2007–09 Code Geass: Nightmare of Nunally Manga Joan of Arc appears as the "Witch of Orleans" and gives C.C. her Geass. Her personality is different from real life.

Portions of this page were translated from the French Wikipedia.

2008-ongoing Aria the Scarlet Ammo Manga A character of the series is Jeanne d'Arc 30th who is a descendant of the original Joan of Arc.
2009-ongoing Drifters Manga Jeanne d'Arc (voiced by Junko Minagawa) appears as an "Ends", a villainous group of fallen historical figures who wish to destroy the world and exterminate humankind. In the series, Joan is an insane warrior who has exchanged her humanity for the supernatural ability to manipulate fire.
2009-ongoing Afterschool Charisma Manga Currently at four volumes, this series takes place at an exclusive school called St. Kleio Academy that is mostly attended by clones of famous people. Joan of Arc's clone appears along with clones of other important people such as Napoleon Bonaparte, Queen Elizabeth I, Florence Nightingale, Marie Curie, Ikkyu, Sigmund Freud and others.
2009-ongoing Makai Ouji: Devils and Realist Manga and Anime Portrayed as the former lover of Gilles de Rais and as an angel, having been purified, suggesting that she was once evil.
2010–present Times Like This Webcomic In this time-travel series, Joan is rescued during her execution and brought to modern Texas to live out her full life as a secondary character in the series.
2011 Puella Magi Madoka Magica Anime In Episode 11 it is revealed that she was a magical girl, along with Cleopatra and other famous women in history.
2012 Family Guy Animation In the Season 10 Episode 19 "Mr. and Mrs. Stewie", Joan of Arc is depicted as obnoxious and annoying in a cutaway after Stewie notes that women always turn out to be nightmares.
2013–present Rooster Teeth Productions RWBY Animation In the series, the leader of Team JNPR, Jaune Arc, wielder of the Crocea Mors, is derived of the legend of Joan of Arc. While his characterization and history is different from Joan of Arc's, his rival is Cardin Winchester, an allusion to the Cardinal of Winchester who presided over Joan of Arc's trial.
2013 Makai Ouji: Devils and Realist Anime Portrayed as the former lover of Gilles de Rais and as an angel, having been purified, suggesting that she was once evil.
2013 Rage of Bahamut: Genesis Anime In the series, she's the "chosen one" by the gods to destroy Bahamut; a giant dragon.
2013 Boxers and Saints Comic In the two-part series, Joan appears in the Saints volume as a mentor for the Chinese Christian convert Vibiana (Four-Girl).
2013–2017 Puella Magi Tart Magica: The Legend of Jeanne d'Arc Manga Based on the anime Puella Magi Madoka Magica, which showed she was a magical girl, along with other famous women in history in episode 11. The manga chronicles her time of becoming a magical girl to her becoming the legendary warrior of France to her eventual demise of being burned at the stake.
2013–present Requiem of the Rose King Manga and Anime Inspired by William Shakespeare's Henry VI and Richard III, the series depicts the deceased Joan of Arc as an almost demonic spirit who haunts the young Richard of Gloucester, later King of England. [40][41]
2014–2020 Revelation: Keiji Manga A series depicting the life of Joan of Arc. Written and illustrated by Ryoko Yamagishi. [42][43]
2021 Fate/Grand Order: Final Singularity - Grand Temple of Time: Solomon Anime Briefly appears as a servant during a battle. Movie is a part of the Fate/Grand Order series. [44]

In philately

[edit]
Date Country Yvert n°[45]
1929 France 257
1946 France 768
1968 France 1579
1979 France 2051
1996 France 3002
2012 France 4654

Other representations

[edit]

Joan of Arc's short haircut had a profound effect on women's hairstyles in the twentieth century. In 1909, the Paris hairdresser Antoine took Joan of Arc as the inspiration for the bob, which ended centuries of taboo against women who cut their hair. The style became popular in the 1920s and was associated with liberated women. Nearly all subsequent Western hair fashions are designed for women who cut their hair at least occasionally. Such haircut is still known in French as coupe à la Jeanne d'Arc (Joan of Arc's haircut).

During the Cristero War in 1927, a group of female Cristeros named themselves after Joan of Arc. They obtained money, supplies, and intelligence for the male combatants. They often smuggled weapons into war zones and cared for the wounded. By the end of the war they had 35,000 participants.

Several people have been seen as modern versions of Joan of Arc:

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ Pernoud 1999, p. 243.
  2. ^ Pernoud 1999, p. 239.
  3. ^ Pernoud 1999, pp. 240, 246.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Blaetz, Robin (May 1989). Strategies of containment: Joan of Arc in film (PhD thesis). New York University.
  2. ^ "L'Orléanide: Poème National en Vingt-Huit Chants" Bibliothèque nationale de France retrieved 20 January 2017
  3. ^ Leonard Peikoff, "The Early Ayn Rand - Selections from her unpublished fiction", New American Library, New York, 1984, P. 342-343.
  4. ^ Ashley, Mike, "Munn, H. Warner". The Encyclopedia of Fantasy, 1997. Retrieved 19 March 2020.
  5. ^ ""Sparrow" by Michael Morpurgo - Review" The Guardian. 3 July 2012. Retrieved 19 March 2020.
  6. ^ "BORN TO DO THIS – The Joan of Arc Rock Opera". www.companytheatre.com. Retrieved 10 August 2023.
  7. ^ "companytheatre – Award-winning Company Theatre serving the South Shore and Southeastern Massachusetts". www.companytheatre.com. Retrieved 10 August 2023.
  8. ^ "Jo Lampert Takes On Joan Of Arc" by Elizabeth Blair NPR 18 March 2017; retrieved 8 November 2018
  9. ^ "David Byrne's New Off-Broadway Show 'Joan of Arc' Falls Into the Musical Abyss" by Peter Marks The Washington Post 15 March 2017; retrieved 8 November 2018
  10. ^ Edmunds (2008:40f.) portrays the possibility of the head representing Jeanne d'Arc as plausible, citing enthusiastic support from Walter Scott and Bernard Shaw, and claims a "a tradition than when Joan entered Orléans in triumph after the siege was raised a sculptor modelled the head of his statue of St Maurice from Joan herself". The head was discovered in the ruins of the demolished church in 1820, and the "tradition" is in fact limited to learned 19th-century speculation. 20th-century art historians tend to identify the head as belonging to a statue of Saint George. "Tête casquée découverte en 1820 dans les démolitions des restes de l'ancienne église Saint-Eloi-Saint-Maurice, considérée parfois, mais à tort, comme représentant Jeanne d'Arc; c'est en réalité une tête de St Georges." Val de Loire; Maine, Orléanais, Touraine, Anjou, Hachette (1963), p. 70.
  11. ^ "The Story of Joan of Arc" Children's Book Almanac retrieved 30 May 2016
  12. ^ Sutton, Benjamin (17 December 2014). "At New York's LGBT Center, a Renovation Pushes Art to the Fore". Hyperallergic. Retrieved 15 May 2024.
  13. ^ Harrity, Christopher (2 February 2015). "In the Galleries: Once Upon a Time and Now". The Advocate. Retrieved 15 May 2024.
  14. ^ Dunlap, David W. (10 December 2014). "A Gay Center Is Remade, but a Glittering Nod to the Past Survives". The New York Times. Retrieved 15 May 2014.
  15. ^ Joan of Arc Donato Art retrieved 30 May 2016
  16. ^ "Joan of Arc" Donato Art retrieved 30 May 2016
  17. ^ "Joan of Arc Statue - Gloucester, MA. -- Riverside Drive, New York City, New York at Museum Planet: Slide tours of historic places with narration, photographs and text". Archived from the original on 27 March 2012. Retrieved 16 September 2011.
  18. ^ "Joanie on the Pony – Home at Last". Archived from the original on 7 September 2008. Retrieved 13 September 2015.
  19. ^ Scott, Mike (4 January 2023). "The surprising tale behind New Orleans' love for Joan of Arc". The Times-Picayune/The New Orleans Advocate. Archived from the original on 23 January 2023. Retrieved 16 May 2024.
  20. ^ "Benetton Group: Evolution of Communication Strategy" Archived 1 November 2013 at the Wayback Machine Scribd 21 February 2010
  21. ^ "Poise Adverts & Commercials Archive: Joan of Arc" Archived 1 October 2017 at the Wayback Machine advertolog.com 30 September 2017
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  23. ^ a b "Joan of Arc, the Patron Saint of High Fashion". artreview.com. Retrieved 19 August 2024.
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  27. ^ Mower, Sarah (5 July 2006). "Christian Dior Fall 2006 Couture Collection". Vogue. Retrieved 19 August 2024.
  28. ^ Jeanne D’Arc Credit Union
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  31. ^ Miley Cyrus vs Joan of Arc videoclip on YouTube
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  35. ^ Bajgrowicz, Brooke (2 November 2018). "Little Mix Drop Fierce Anthem "Joan Of Arc" Listen". Billboard. Retrieved 4 November 2018.
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  37. ^ Dolan, Leah (12 September 2024). "'It's not meant to look classically beautiful': Chappell Roan's makeup artist breaks down her VMAs look". CNN. Retrieved 12 September 2024.
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  40. ^ Silverman, Rebecca (4 April 2015). "Requiem of the Rose King GN 1". Anime News Network. Retrieved 10 November 2020. Very quickly we see that [Richard] has visions of a strange woman in armor, who turns out to be the deceased Joan of Arc. Kanno here does use Shakespeare's interpretation of the woman, making her the demonic figure the English believe her to be in Henry the Sixth Part One; the fact that she is dead also places the action in part two of the play, or sometime between parts one and two.
  41. ^ Mateo, Alex (15 September 2020). "Requiem of the Rose King Manga Gets TV Anime". Anime News Network. Retrieved 10 November 2020.
  42. ^ 山岸凉子、モーニングで初連載！鋭い眼差しの女性が表紙に. Comic Natalie (in Japanese). 25 December 2014. Retrieved 2 September 2020.
  43. ^ Sherman, Jennifer (2 November 2020). "Ryouko Yamagishi's Revelation Manga About Joan of Arc Ends". Anime News Network. Retrieved 3 November 2020.
  44. ^ Fate Grand Order: The Grand Temple of Time (Animation, Action, Drama), Type-Moon, 30 July 2021, retrieved 28 June 2022
  45. ^ "Yvert et Tellier, matériel pour toutes collections (philatélie, numismatique) – Timbres – Monnaies".
  46. ^ "Ehrungen". Katachel.de. Archived from the original on 12 September 2011. Retrieved 25 June 2011.
  • Nadia Margolis, Joan of Arc in History, Literature, and Film (New York: Garland, 1990).
  • Régine Pernoud and Marie-Véronique Clin, Joan of Arc: Her Story, trans. Jeremy Duquesnay Adams (New York: St. Martin's Griffin, 1999).
  • Heimann, Nora (2005). Joan of Arc in French Art and Culture (1700–1855): From Satire to Sanctity. Aldershot: Ashgate. ISBN 978-0-7546-5085-0.
  • Heimann, Nora; Coyle, Laura (2006). Joan of Arc: Her Image in France and America. Washington, DC: Corcoran Gallery of Art in association with D Giles Limited. ISBN 978-1-904832-19-5.
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