Italy

Republic of Italy
Jhanda Coat of arms
Des ke jaankari
National anthem:	"Fratelli d'Italia"
Log ke baare me
Official bhasa:	Italian, German, French
Abaadi:
- Total:	{{{populationtotal}}}
Jagha
Hian pe des ke dunia ke map me dekhawa jaawe hae.
Capital City:	Rome
Sab se barraa City:	Rome
Area
- Total:	301,323 km² (ranked 69°)
- Water:	n/a km² (n/a%)
Politics / Government
Established:	March 17, 1861
Leader:	President: Giorgio Napolitano Prime minister: Enrico Letta
Economy / Money
Paisa ke naam:	Euro
International information
Time ke zone:	+1
Telephone ke dialing code:	+39
Internet domain:	.it

Italy, jiske sarkari naam The Italian Republic hae, Southern^[1] aur Western^[2] Europe ke ek des hae. Italy ek peninsula hae jon Mediterranean Sea me nikle hae. Iske northen border, Alps hae aur isme kuchh island bhi hae, khaas kar ke Sicily aur Sardinia^[3]. Italy ke border France, Switzerland, Austria aur Slovenia se hae. Italy ke bhittar dui des, Vatican City aur San Marino hae. Ii Europe ke 10th sab se barraa des hae aur iske area 301,340 km² (116,350 sq. mi.) hae. Italy ke abaadi Europe me tiisra sab se jaada, lagbhag 60 million hae.^[4] Ise capital aur sab se barraa city Rome hae. Aur barraa city hae Milan, Naples, Turin, Florence aur Venice.

Purana jamaana me Italy dher lag ke ghar rahaa. Rome city suruu me ek kingdom rahaa, baad me republic bhais aur iske baad dher din talak Roman Empire, Meditteranean ke sab des pe raj karis.^[5] Jab Isaai dharam sab bagal failaa tab Rome iske Pope ke seat banaa. Middle Ages me Italy Roman Empire ke khalaas hote dekhis. Lekin 11th century talak Italy me dher chota-chota des banaa jon trade me bhaag liin aur Italy fir se dhani hoe lagaa.^[6] 15th aur 16th century me Italy ke explorer log East aur western hemisphere me business kare ke nawaa rastaa khojin, lekin Italy ke city states ek duusre se larre ke suruu kae din. ^[7] 17th aur 18th century me Italy ke importance Europe me kamtii hoe lagaa.^[8]

Dher din ke vibajhin ke baad 1861 me Italy ek des ban gais aur ek kingdom banaa.^[9] 19th century ke aakhri hissa se lae ke 20th centory ke pahila dui decade me Italy ke north industrialise hoe lagaa aur ek nawaa Empire banae lagaa.^[10] South Italy pichhe rahe gais aur dher log America me jaae ke rahe lagin.^[11] 1915 se 1918 talak Italy World War I me Allies ke saathe Central powers se larris. 1922 me Italy ek Fascist des ban gais. World War II ke suruu me (1940-1943), Italy Germany ke bagal se larris lekin baad me Italian log Germany ke virod me larrai karin. Larrai ke baad Italy ek republic banaa aur iske economy jorr se barrhe lagaa.^[12]

Italy ek developed des hae aur iske GDP dunia ke 9th sab se barraa hae.^[13]

Italy, European Union ke suruu kare waala ek member rahaa. Italy, G8 ke member bhi hae, aur iske Gross Domestic Product dunia ke 7th sab se barraa hae. Iske president Giorgio Napolitano hae. 1861 se pahile ii chhota chhota city states me divided rahaa.

Italy ek peninsula hae. Northern Italy, France, Switzerland, aur Austria se Alps pahaarr se divided hae. Italy ke capital Rome hae. Aur khaas city hae Milan, Turin, Florence, Naples, aur Venice.

Ii des me kuchh island bhi hae jisme se dui sab se barraa hae Sicily aur Sardinia.

Po River, Italy ke sab se barraa naddi hae. Tiber River, Rome me se jaawe hae.

Northern Italy me ii des ke kuchh barraa barraa talao hae jaise ki Lake Garda, Lake Como, Lake Maggiore aur Lake Iseo.

Italy ke bhittar dui chhota des San Marino aur Vatican City hae.

Italy ke jaada log Roman Catholic Christian hae.

Iske abaadi 60.4 million hae jisme se 2.87 million Rome aur 1.5 million Milan me rahe hae (2017).

Italy ke official bhasa Italian bhasa hae lekin kuchh jaga me German aur French me baat karaa jaae hae. Kuchh log aur bhasa , jaise ki Sicilian aur Sardinian me baat kare hae, jon ki Italian ke rakam hae lekin duusra bhasa nai to dialect hae.

Italy ke log Romans ke descendents hae.

Latin, Italy ke pahila bhasa rahaa.

Italy ke 20 Regions me baata gais hae aur ii region Provinces me baata gais hae. Isme se paanch region ke special adminmistrative status dewa gais hae, jisse ki uulog aur chij ke khaatir kaanun banae sake. Ii hae Aosta Valley, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Sardinia, Sicily, and Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol^[14]

1. ↑ "Southern Europe, a peninsula extending into the central Mediterranean Sea, northeast of Tunisia". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Archived from the original on 1 July 2021. Retrieved 17 August 2021.
2. ↑ "UNITED NATIONS DGACM". United Nations. Archived from the original on 21 August 2017. Retrieved 24 September 2019.
3. ↑ "Italia", Dizionario enciclopedico italiano (in Italian), VI, Treccani, 1970, p. 413
4. ↑ "Italy Population 2022 (Demographics, Maps, Graphs)". worldpopulationreview.com. Archived from the original on 21 February 2022. Retrieved 21 February 2022.
5. ↑ Carl Waldman; Catherine Mason (2006). Encyclopedia of European Peoples. Infobase Publishing. p. 586. ISBN 978-1-4381-2918-1. https://books.google.com/books?id=kfv6HKXErqAC. Retrieved 23 February 2013.; Mommsen, Theodor (1855). History of Rome, Book II: From the Abolition of the Monarchy in Rome to the Union of Italy. Leipzig: Reimer & Hirsel.; Lazenby, John Francis (4 February 1998). Hannibal's War: A Military History of the Second Punic War. University of Oklahoma Press. p. 29. ISBN 978-0-8061-3004-0. https://archive.org/details/hannibalswarmili00laze. "Italy homeland of the Romans."
6. ↑ Sée, Henri. "Modern Capitalism Its Origin and Evolution" (PDF). University of Rennes. Batoche Books. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 October 2013. Retrieved 29 August 2013.
7. ↑ "Gli antichi Stati italiani" (PDF) (in Italian). Archived (PDF) from the original on 26 July 2023. Retrieved 26 July 2023.; Accetturo, Antonio; Mocetti, Sauro (2019). "Historical Origins and Developments of Italian Cities". Italian Economic Journal 5 (2): 205–222. doi:10.1007/s40797-019-00097-w. ISSN 2199-322X.
8. ↑ Bouchard, Norma; Ferme, Valerio (2013). Italy and the Mediterranean: Words, Sounds, and Images of the Post-Cold War Era. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-1-1373-4346-8. https://books.google.com/books?id=_XwhAQAAQBAJ&q=new%2520world%2520trade+italy&pg=PAPT30. Retrieved 17 December 2015.
9. ↑ "Unification of Italy". Library.thinkquest.org. 4 April 2003. Archived from the original on 7 March 2009. Retrieved 19 November 2009.
10. ↑ "The Italian Colonial Empire". All Empires. Archived from the original on 24 February 2012. Retrieved 17 June 2012. At its peak, just before WWII, the Italian Empire comprehended the territories of present time Italy, Albania, Rhodes, Dodecanese, Libya, Ethiopia, Eritrea, the majority of Somalia and the little concession of Tientsin in China
11. ↑ Jon Rynn. "WHAT IS A GREAT POWER?" (PDF). economicreconstruction.com. Archived (PDF) from the original on 28 April 2017. Retrieved 15 March 2017.
12. ↑ "IMF Advanced Economies List. World Economic Outlook, April 2016, p. 148" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 21 April 2016.
13. ↑ "Manufacturing by Country 2023". worldpopulationreview.com. Archived from the original on 30 November 2023. Retrieved 14 October 2023.
14. ↑ Hiroko Kudo, "Autonomy and Managerial Innovation in Italian Regions after Constitutional Reform", Chuo University, Faculty of Law and Graduate School of Public Policy (2008): p. 1. Retrieved on 6 April 2012 from http://www.med-eu.org/proceedings/MED1/Kudo.pdf Archived 17 Navambar 2015 at the Wayback Machine.

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