Bison bonasus

Bison bonasus mas

Animalia — Chordata

Classis : Mammalia
Ordo : Artiodactyla
Familia : Bovidae
Subfamilia : Bovinae
Genus : Bison
Species : Bison bonasus

Conservationis status

VU

Damno obiecta (IUCN 3.1)^[1]

Subdivisiones: Subspecies

Bison bonasus bonasus (Linnaeus, 1758)

†Bison bonasus hungarorum
†Bison bonasus caucasicus

Synonyma

Bos bonasus Linnaeus, 1758

Territorium

Distributio geographica

Bison bonasus est Eurasiana mammalium species familae Bovidarum ordinis Artiodactylorum, una ex duabus Bisontis speciebus exstantibus, cum Bisonte bisonte Americae Septentrionalis. Tres subspecies in praeterito recentiori exsistebant, sed solum una, Bison bonasus bonasus, subspecies nominata, hodie superstat.

Enodatio genomatum mitochondrorum et DNA nuclearis monstrat Bisontem bonasum opinabiliter exitum esse hybridizationis Bisontis prisci et progenitorum Bovis primigenii, quia eorum materies genetica usque ad 10 centesimas sequentium DNA Bisontis prisci continet. Quae hybrida bison Higgsianus vulgo appellatur,^[2] iocus bosontem Higgsianum commemorans. Invicem, quidam bison silvestris ex Pleistocaeno progenies speciei fortasse erat.^[3]^[4]

Specimen subspeciei Caucasicae anno 1889, nunc exstinctae.

Feri bisontes Europaei saeculo vicensimo ineunte a venatoribus caesi sunt, ultimis subspeciei Bisontis bonasi bonasi animalibus feris in Silva Bialovisensi (in finibus Poloniae et Rutheniae Albae) anno 1921, et ultimis subspeciei Bisontis bonasi caucasi in Caucaso septentrionali et occidentali anno 1927 interfectis.^[5] Bison bonasus hungarorum exstinctus factus est medio saeculo undevicensimo. Captivi autem bisontes terrarum humilium in vivariis curabantur, et nuper in nonnullas civitates Europaeas iterum introducti sunt. Nunc in silvis habitant. Praeter homines, sunt pauci praedatores Bisontium bonasorum, inter quos insigniter lupi et ursi.

Bisontes bonasi primum a Carolo Linnaeo ratione anno 1758 descripti sunt. Nonnullae descriptiones posteriores Bisontes bonasos conspecificos cum Bisonte bisonte tractant. Non confundendus est cum Bove primigenio, exstincto boum domesticorum progenie.

Bison bonasus est animal civicum Poloniae at Rutheniae Albae.^[6]^[7]

Nicolaus Hussovianus de bisonte carmen Latinum composuit^[8].

Notae

↑ IUCN (vide situs scientificos)
↑ The Higgs Bison – mystery species hidden in cave art, The University of Adelaide, 19 Octobris 2016 .
↑ Palacio, Pauline; Berthonaud, Véronique; Guérin, Claude; Lambourdière, Josie; Maksud, Frédéric; Philippe, Michel; Plaire, Delphine; Stafford, Thomas et al (1 Ianuarii 2017). "Genome data on the extinct Bison schoetensacki establish it as a sister species of the extant European bison (Bison bonasus)". BMC Evolutionary Biology 17 (1): 48 .
↑ Marsolier-Kergoat, Marie-Claude; Palacio, Pauline; Berthonaud, Véronique; Maksud, Frédéric; Stafford, Thomas; Bégouën, Robert; Elalouf, Jean-Marc (17 Iunii 2015). "Hunting the Extinct Steppe Bison (Bison priscus) Mitochondrial Genome in the Trois-Frères Paleolithic Painted Cave". PLOS ONE 10 (6): e0128267 .
↑ 70 years Wisent in the Caucasian mountains. . www.lhnet.org
↑ "Poland". All About Bison .
↑ Formula:Cite AV media.
↑ Carmina Hussoviani in editione 1892, bibliotheca Gedani (p. 72).

Bibliographia

Fontes antiquiores

Agathias, Historiae 1.4.5-6 (mors Theudeberti regis)

Eruditio

Bohn, Thomas M. Aliaksandr Dalhouski, et Markus Krzoska. 2017. Wisent-Wildnis und Welterbe: Geschichte des polnisch-weißrussischen Nationalparks von Białowieża. Coloniae, Vimariae Vindobonae: Böhlau Verlag. ISBN 978-3-412-50943-9.
Gottschalk, Fritz. 2002. Wisentinseln: Lebensbilder des europäischen Urwaldriesens. Tessin: WAGE. ISBN 3-9807492-5-8.
Krasińska, Małgorzata, et Zbigniew Krasiński. 2008. Der Wisent. Die Neue Brehm-Bücherei, vol. 74. Westarp Wissenschaften, Hohenwarsleben. ISBN 3-89432-481-3.
Mohr, Erna. (19520 2003. Der Wisent. Lipsiae: Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft Geest & Portig. ISBN 3-89432-481-3.
Niethammer, Jochen, et Franz Krapp, eds. 1986. Handbuch der Säugetiere Europas. Vol. 2: Paarhufer (Suidae, Cervidae, Bovidae). Wiesbaden: Aula. ISBN 3-89104-026-1.
Nigge, Klaus, et Karl Schulze Hagen. 2004. Die Rückkehr des Königs: Wisente im polnischen Urwald. Steinfurtiae: Tecklenborg. ISBN 3-934427-46-4.
Parnikoza, I., V. Boreiko, V. Sesin, et M. Kaliuzhna. 2009. "History, current state and perspectives of conservation of European bison in Ukraine." European Bison Conservation Newsletter 2: 5–16. PDF.
Sambraus, Hans Hinrich. 2006. Exotische Rinder: Wasserbüffel, Bison, Wisent, Zwergzebu, Yak. Stutgardiae: Eugen Ulmer KG. ISBN 3-8001-4835-8.
Schmidtmann, Bernhard, ed. 2004. Planungsgruppe Natur und Umwelt (PGNU): Naturentwicklung mit großen Pflanzenfressern in Niedersachsen. Machbarkeitsstudie. Hanoveriae: Naturschutzbund Deutschland, Landesverband Niedersachsen.
Türcke, Friedrich. 1980. "Erhaltung und Zucht der Wisente in Deutschland." Deutsche Tierärztliche Wochenschrift. Alfeld 87,11: 416–19. ISSN 0012-0847.

Nexus externi

Vicimedia Communia plura habent quae ad Bisontem bonasum spectant.

Vide "Bisontem bonasum" apud Vicispecies.

Situs scientifici: • ITIS • NCBI • Biodiversity • Encyclopedia of Life • IUCN Red List • Fossilworks • INPN France

"Bison." Walker's Mammals of the World.
"Caucasian European bison (Bison bonasus caucasicus)." The Extinction Website.
"Carpathian European bison (Bison bonasus hungarorum)." The Extinction Website.
"European bison/wisent."
"Reversal fortunes." BBC News.
Species fact sheet. LHNet database.
Ex Browsk Forest District in Białowieża National Park Poloniae. Wisent Online.
"Rewilding Europe Brings Back the Continent’s Largest Land Animal." National Geographic.
European Bison Conservation Center.
Rewilding bison in Romania.^{[nexus deficit]}

[iucn-1] IUCN (vide situs scientificos)

[2] The Higgs Bison – mystery species hidden in cave art, The University of Adelaide, 19 Octobris 2016 .

[:0-3] Palacio, Pauline; Berthonaud, Véronique; Guérin, Claude; Lambourdière, Josie; Maksud, Frédéric; Philippe, Michel; Plaire, Delphine; Stafford, Thomas et al (1 Ianuarii 2017). "Genome data on the extinct Bison schoetensacki establish it as a sister species of the extant European bison (Bison bonasus)". BMC Evolutionary Biology 17 (1): 48 .

[:1-4] Marsolier-Kergoat, Marie-Claude; Palacio, Pauline; Berthonaud, Véronique; Maksud, Frédéric; Stafford, Thomas; Bégouën, Robert; Elalouf, Jean-Marc (17 Iunii 2015). "Hunting the Extinct Steppe Bison (Bison priscus) Mitochondrial Genome in the Trois-Frères Paleolithic Painted Cave". PLOS ONE 10 (6): e0128267 .

[5] 70 years Wisent in the Caucasian mountains. . www.lhnet.org

[all_about_bison-6] "Poland". All About Bison .

[lbn-pż-7] Formula:Cite AV media.

[8] Carmina Hussoviani in editione 1892, bibliotheca Gedani (p. 72).

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