Kingdom of Hanover

Kingdom of Hanover Königreich Hannover
1814–1866
Flag Coat of arms
Motto: Suscipere et Finire "Support and Finish"
Anthem: Heil dir, Hannover
The Kingdom of Hanover in 1815
Status	State of the German Confederation, in personal union with the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (1814–1837)
Capital	Hanover
Common languages	German, West Low German
Religion	Protestantism (mainly Lutheranism,[1] but also Calvinism), Roman Catholicism
Demonym(s)	Hanoverian
Government	Constitutional monarchy
King
• 1814–1820	George III
• 1820–1830	George IV
• 1830–1837	William IV
• 1837–1851	Ernest Augustus
• 1851–1866	George V
Legislature	Assembly of the Kingdom of Hanover
History
• Congress of Vienna	12 October 1814
• German revolutions	13 March 1848
• Austro-Prussian War	14 June 1866
• Peace of Prague	23 August 1866
• Annexed by Prussia	20 September 1866
Currency	Hanoverian thaler, (1814–1857) Hanoverian vereinsthaler (1857–1866)
Preceded by Succeeded by Electorate of Hanover Kingdom of Westphalia Province of Hanover
Today part of	Germany

The Kingdom of Hanover (German: Königreich Hannover) was a kingdom in northwest Germany. It was created in October 1814 by the Congress of Vienna. It came after the Electorate of Hanover (officially the Electorate of Brunswick-Lüneburg). It joined 38 other countries in the German Confederation in June 1815. The kingdom was ruled by the House of Hanover. This was a branch of the House of Welf. It was in personal union with Great Britain since 1714. Usually a viceroy controlled Hanover. This was because its monarch lived in London. The viceroys were usually younger members of the British royal family.

The personal union with the United Kingdom ended in 1837 when Queen Victoria became the queen of the UK. This was because females were not allowed to rule Hanover while a related male was still alive. Because of this, her uncle Ernest Augustus thus became the ruler of Hanover. His only son took over from him as George V. However, he was on the losing side of the Austro-Prussian War. His kingdom was then taken over by Prussia in 1866 and lost independence. It became a Prussian province. Hanover became part of the German Empire with the unification of Germany in January 1871. The country came back as the State of Hanover in 1946. But this state was later merged with some smaller states to form the current state of Lower Saxony in then West Germany. The city of Hanover became the capital of this new state.