Chinua Achebe
| Chinua Achebe | |
.jpg) | |
| Amezaliwa | 16 Novemba 1930 Ogidi, Nigeria |
|---|---|
| Amekufa | 21 Machi 2013 Boston, Marekani |
| Nchi | Nigeria |
| Majina mengine | Albert Chinụalụmọgụ Achebe |
| Kazi yake | Mwandishi |
Chinua Achebe (jina la kuzaliwa: Albert Chinụalụmọgụ Achebe; 16 Novemba 1930 - 21 Machi 2013) alikuwa mwandishi kutoka nchi ya Nigeria.
Ameandika vitabu vingi vyenye riwaya, mashairi na insha. Hadithi zake zinatumia mitindo ya fasihi simulizi ya lugha yake ya asili, Kiigbo. Hata hivyo ameandika hasa kwa Kiingereza. Baadhi ya maandiko yake ni:
- Mambo Huangamia (1958, kwa Kiingereza "Things Fall Apart")
- Hakuna Starehe Tena (1960, kwa Kiingereza "No Longer At Ease")
- Mshale wa Mungu (1964, kwa Kiingereza "Arrow of God")
- Wasichana Vitani (1973, kwa Kiingereza "Girls at War")
- Shida na Nigeria (1984, kwa Kiingereza "The Trouble with Nigeria")
- (1987, kwa Kiingereza "Anthills of the Savannah")
- Picha ya Afrika (2000, kwa Kijerumani "Ein Bild von Afrika")
Kitabu chake cha Things Fall Apart, ambacho kinaaminika ndicho kitabu chake bora zaidi, ni kitabu kilichosomwa kwa wingi zaidi katika vitabu vya tamthiliya ya Kiafrika.[1]
Maisha
[hariri | hariri chanzo]Alilelewa na wazazi wake wa kabila la Waigbo katika mji wa Ogidi, jimbo la Anambra, kusini mashariki mwa Nigeria.
Achebe alikuwa mwanafunzi mahiri ambapo alipata tuzo ya kujifunza udaktari lakini akabadili mawazo na kujifunza fasihi ya Kiingereza kwenye chuo kikuu cha University College of Ibadan (sasa University of Ibadan).[2]
Alipenda kujifunza masuala ya dini mbalimbali duniani na utamaduni wa Kiafrika. Baadaye akaanza kuandika hadithi akiwa bado mwanafunzi wa chuo kikuu.
Baada ya kuhitimu masomo yake alifanya kazi Nigerian Broadcasting Service (NBS) na baadaye akahamia Lagos.
Kitabu cha Things Fall Apart alichokiandika mwishoni mwa miaka ya 1950 kilimpatia jina kubwa duniani. Baadaye aliandika No Longer at Ease (1960), Arrow of God (1964), A Man of the People (1966), na Anthills of the Savannah (1987).
Achebe aliandika vitabu vyake kwa Kiingereza na alitetea matumizi ya Kiingereza, "lugha ya wakoloni" kwenye tamthiliya ya Kiafrika. Mwaka 1975, hotuba yake An Image of Africa: Racism in Conrad's "Heart of Darkness" ilimkosoa mwandishi Joseph Conrad kama mbaguzi wa rangi. Pamoja na kuzua utata, ilichapishwa kwenye jarida la The Massachusetts Review
Orodha ya kazi
[hariri | hariri chanzo]Riwaya
- Things Fall Apart (1958). E.g. New York: Anchor Books, 1994. ISBN 0385474547
- No Longer at Ease (1960). E.g. Penguin Books, 1994. ISBN 0385474555
- Arrow of God (1964). E.g. Penguin Books, 2016. ISBN 0385014805
- A Man of the People (1966). E.g. Penguin Books, 1989. ISBN 0385086164
- Anthills of the Savannah (1987). New York: Anchor Books, 1998. ISBN 0385260458
Hadithi fupi
- Marriage Is a Private Affair (1952)
- Dead Men's Path (1953)
- The Sacrificial Egg and Other Stories (1953)
- Civil Peace (1971)
- Girls at War and Other Stories (including "Vengeful Creditor") (1973) ISBN 9780385008525
- African Short Stories (editor, with C. L. Innes) (1985) ISBN 9780435905361
- The Heinemann Book of Contemporary African Short Stories (editor, with C. L. Innes) (1992) ISBN 9780435905668
- The Voter ISBN 9781874932130
Ushairi
- Beware, Soul-Brother, and Other Poems (1971) (published in the US as Christmas in Biafra, and Other Poems, 1973) ISBN 9780385016414
- Don't Let Him Die: An Anthology of Memorial Poems for Christopher Okigbo (editor, with Dubem Okafor) (1978) ISBN 9789781560217
- Another Africa (with Robert Lyons) (1998) ISBN 9780385490382
- Collected Poems – Penguin Books, 2004. ISBN 1400076587
- Refugee Mother and Child
- Vultures
Insha,maoni ya kisiasa
- The Novelist as Teacher (1965) – also in Hopes and Impediments
- An Image of Africa: Racism in Conrad's "Heart of Darkness" (1975) – also in Hopes and Impediments ISBN 9780141192581
- Morning Yet on Creation Day (1975) ISBN 9780385017039
- The Trouble With Nigeria (1984). Reissued by Fourth Dimension Publishing Co., 2000 ISBN 9781561475
- Hopes and Impediments (1988) ISBN 9780385414791
- Home and Exile (2000). Penguine Books (reprint) 2001, ISBN 0385721331
- The Education of a British-Protected Child (6 October 2009). Anchor Canada 2010 ISBN 038566785X
- There Was a Country: A Personal History of Biafra (11 October 2012) ISBN 9781594204821
- Africa's Tarnished Name (22 February 2018) ISBN 9780241338834
Vitabu vya watoto
- Chike and the River (1966) ISBN 9780307473868
- How the Leopard Got His Claws (with John Iroaganachi) (1972) ISBN 9780763648053
- The Flute (1975) ISBN 9781943138487
- The Drum (1978) ISBN 9789781560439
Tanbihi
[hariri | hariri chanzo]- ↑ Franklin, Ruth. "After Empire: Chinua Achebe and the Great African Novel". The New Yorker, 26 May 2008. Retrieved 7 December 2010.
- ↑
Carl Brucker (1992). "Chinua Achebe 1930–". faculty.atu.edu. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 27 Oktoba 2016. Iliwekwa mnamo 26 Oktoba 2016.
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Viungo vya nje
[hariri | hariri chanzo]
- Chinua Achebe Archived 8 Julai 2013 at the Wayback Machine. reads the first two chapters of Things Fall Apart at PEN American Center Event: Faith & Reason: Writers Speak Archived 24 Septemba 2015 at the Wayback Machine., 2006
- "A Tribute to Chinua Achebe" Archived 24 Septemba 2015 at the Wayback Machine. from PEN American Center, 2008
- "Chinua Achebe: The Spirit Lives". Tribute to Chinua Achebe by Ngũgĩ wa Thiong'o, Leeds African Studies Bulletin 75 (Winter 2013/14), pp. 51–53.
- "A long way from home". Interview in The Guardian, 10 July 2007
- "Chinua Achebe, The Art of Fiction No. 139". Interview by Jerome Brooks in The Paris Review, 1994
- Guide to Chinua Achebe papers at Houghton Library, Harvard University
- FBI file on Chinua Achebe at the Internet Archive
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