Kendrick Lamar (full name Kendrick Lamar Duckworth, born June 17, 1987) is an American rapper and songwriter born and raised in Compton, California. Known for his progressive musical influences and socially conscious, story-driven lyrics, he is regarded by many fans and publications as one of the greatest rappers of his generation if not of all time.

Kendrick began rapping in high school under the name K-Dot, and released his first mixtape at the tender age of sixteen. He signed to Top Dawg Entertainment several years later, where he became a member of the informal group Black Hippy, consisting of himself, Jay Rock, ScHoolboy Q and Ab-Soul. He would continue to release well-received mixtapes, adopted the "Kendrick Lamar" stage name with the release of The Kendrick Lamar EP in 2009, and finally released his debut album in 2011, titled Section.80. The album won him great critical acclaim and revealed to the public the great potential the young MC had, including Dr. Dre and Snoop Dogg, who crowned him the "New King of the West Coast" at a concert.

With this recognition, Kendrick signed to both Interscope and Aftermath and in 2012 released his second full-length album, good kid, m.A.A.d city, an album about his teenage years and experiences with drugs, alcohol and gang violence. It was highly regarded as one of the best albums of the year, which led to mass controversy when it lost all of its Grammy Award nominations. Most of the outcry came from its loss of Best Rap Album to Macklemore & Ryan Lewis' The Heist, considered one of the greatest snubs in modern Grammys history, which was an opinion echoed even by Macklemore—who personally phoned Kendrick to apologize for winning the award in his place.

In August of 2013, Kendrick featured on the Big Sean song "Control". His verse, in which he managed to call out the entirety of the rap game's current artists while simultaneously claiming that he is the best in the game and urging the others to catch up, was widely considered to be the year's best display of raw lyricism. Kendrick's verse became so popular that some are surprised to learn that there are two other artists on the song^note Jay Electronica in addition to Big Sean. That verse can be heard here.

On March 15, 2015, Kendrick's third full-length album, To Pimp a Butterfly, was unexpectedly released^note due to an error on Interscope Records' behalf which caused the album to be released a week earlier than scheduled to widespread critical acclaim. Similarly to GKMC, the album saw controversial loss at the Grammys, losing Album of the Year to Taylor Swift's 1989, although it did win a number of other awards. A compilation of demos that were created during the production of TPAB was eventually released in March 2016 under the name untitled unmastered.

Kendrick began hinting towards a fourth album in late March of 2017, with the release of promotional single "The Heart Part IV" signaling an upcoming return and notably ending with the line, "Y'all got 'til April the 7th to get your shit together."^note The album was simply made available for pre-order on the 7th and not released, much to the dismay of fans. Following the release of lead single "HUMBLE.", the album, titled DAMN., was released on April 14 to widespread critical acclaim, becoming the best-selling rap album of the year with 600,000 units sold. On April 17, 2018, DAMN. also became the first non-classical or jazz album to win the Pulitzer Prize for Music.

Following the release of the album, Kendrick took a five-year hiatus from music (reportedly partially caused by a two-year period of writer's block), during which he also executive produced the soundtrack for Black Panther (2018), had two children with his longtime partner Whitney Alford, and founded the entertainment company pgLang with creative partner Dave Free. He announced work on a new album, his last under Top Dawg Entertainment and first under pgLang, in August 2021. The album, titled Mr. Morale & the Big Steppers, was released on May 12, 2022. He was later announced to be the headliner of the Super Bowl LIX halftime show in 2025.

Discography:

• Y.H.N.I.C. (Hub City Threat: Minor of the Year) (mixtape; 2003)
• No Sleep 'Til NYC (mixtape with Jay Rock; 2007)
• C4 (mixtape; 2009)

• The Kendrick Lamar EP (EP; 2009)
• Overly Dedicated (mixtape; 2010)
• Section.80 (2011)
• good kid, m.A.A.d city (2012)
• To Pimp a Butterfly (2015)
• untitled unmastered. (compilation; 2016)
• DAMN. (2017)
• Black Panther: The Album (2018)^note The album itself hosts contributions from various artists, most of them from TDE; Lamar was chosen as the curator.
• Mr. Morale & the Big Steppers (2022)

good kid, m.A.A.d tropes:

• Actually Pretty Funny: Implied. In two of Drake's diss tracks toward Kendrick ("Push Ups" and "Taylor Made Freestyle"), Drake brought up Kendrick's appearance on "Bad Blood (Remix)" by Taylor Swift as a point against Kendrick, with the latter song stating that Kendrick is her lackey. Kendrick's response track, "6:16 In LA", was co-produced by Taylor's long term producer Jack Antonoff (meaning that yes, his response to "Taylor Made Freestyle" was literally "tailor made" by Taylor's producer), evidently thinking the insult was pretty funny.
• all lowercase letters:
  • untitled unmastered.
  • "meet the grahams" is styled in lowercase on all releases.
• Angel Unaware: The old beggar Kendrick insults in "How Much a Dollar Cost" reveals at the end of the song that He is the son of Jehovah, the Holy Spirit, the higher power, or most simply, God. Kendrick's greed and lack of humility has cost him his spot in Heaven, all for a single dollar.
• Arc Number: The three verses of "FEAR." center around the number 7 by illustrating Kendrick's fears at the age of 7, 17, and 27 (respectively, being beaten by his mother, dying a premature, unfulfilled death, and losing all that he had built in his career thus far).
• Arc Words:
  • Every song from "King Kunta" onwards on To Pimp a Butterfly ends with an expanding monologue that begins with "I remember you was conflicted, misusing your influence."
  • "Ain't nobody prayin' for me" is a recurring phrase on DAMN., appearing in some form on "ELEMENT.", "FEEL.", the album version of "HUMBLE.", and "FEAR." It ended up getting its own song on Black Panther: The Album in the form of "Pray For Me", which doubles as a tragic Villain Song.
• Anachronic Order: The narrative of good kid, m.A.A.d city jumps back and forth between Kendrick getting jumped on his way to meet Sherane, hanging out with his friends, and voicemails from his parents. The story ultimately begins at the end of the second track, when K.Dot (Kendrick's younger self) is invited to come along with some friends.
• As the Good Book Says...: The old man in "How Much a Dollar Cost" cites Exodus 14 to remind Kendrick about the value of humility. In addition to foreshadowing that the old man is God, mentioning Exodus 14 implicitly compares Kendrick to the opulent Pharaoh, who was killed in an action of divine justice.
• Ballad of a Sex Worker: "Keisha's Song (Her Pain)" the title character being a prostitute. Also a sort of Morality Ballad, as Kendrick says he played the song for his sister to ensure she'd never become a prostitute. (The song doesn't condemn Keisha for being a sex worker, more commenting on the dangers of being an impoverished woman in the sex industry).
• Beat Them at Their Own Game: Kendrick pulled this off twice whilst feuding with Drake:
  • Kendrick would drop back-to-back diss tracks twice during the feud - first by responding to "Push Ups" with "Euphoria" and "6:16 in LA", then responding to "Family Matters" with "meet the grahams" and "Not Like Us". Drake himself won his feud against Meek Mill through back-to-back releases of "Charged Up" and "Back to Back".
  • Kendrick's final diss against Drake was "Not Like Us", a West Coast club banger which went on to break several streaming records formerly held by Drake and whose Black Comedy lyrics went on to go viral.
• Black Comedy: "meet the grahams" is generally considered to be a Horrorcore song along the lines of Immortal Technique's darkest work, but there is a moment of grim humor and Bathos in the second verse, in which Kendrick humbly tells Drake's mother Sandra "what I'm about to say is heavy, now listen", before clearing his throat and proceeding to bluntly tell her he believes Drake deserves to die. Later, speaking directly to Drake, Kendrick claims "I don't have a hatin' bone in my body."
• Boastful Rap: "HUMBLE.", a deliberately irony-filled song over an uncharacteristic trap beat where Kendrick elevates himself while telling others to sit down and be humble. It has been analyzed by some as a quasi-parody of the trope's popularity in trap music.
• Book Ends:
  • Due to good kid, m.A.A.d city's Anachronic Order, "Compton" functions both as the opening and ending credits to the narrative.
    • A variant of the Sinner's Prayer opens the album proper, and is heard again with context before the penultimate song.
    • "Backseat Freestyle" begins and ends with the same break.
  • The first and final line of DAMN. spoken by Kendrick is "So I was taking a walk the other day." We hear it first in the opening track "BLOOD." and then again in the final track "DUCKWORTH.", after the song ends with several sections from previous songs on the album being played in reverse as if the whole album is being reversed back to the very start.
• Breaking the Fourth Wall: Happens three times on good kid: once when he refers to producer Hit-Boy^note who'd never been heard of outside the industry until he worked with Kanye West in 2011 on "Backseat Freestyle", another when Keisha's sister refers to Section.80^note Kendrick's 2011 mixtape/indie album, in which can be found "Keisha's Song" on "Sing About Me, I'm Dying of Thirst," and lastly when Just Blaze^note producer most known for his work with Jay-Z inserts his name into "Compton," the one song on the album he produced.
• Brutal Honesty: "meet the grahams" and all the opinions that Kendrick is all too willing to give about Drake.
  Dear Adonis: I'm sorry that that man is your father.
• Call-Back: The video for "Bitch, Don't Kill My Vibe" stops mid-song at one point and Kendrick is shown being baptized in a swimming pool full of liquor. This is an obvious reference to "Swimming Pools (Drank)."
• Canon Discontinuity: The music Kendrick made as K-Dot is considered to be distinct from the Kendrick Lamar discography. good kid, m.A.A.d city is even an entire album about the transformation from the hedonistic K-Dot to the mature and instrospective Kendrick. "Not Like Us" contains the lyric "Since 2009, I've had this bitch jumping"; '2009' referring to the release of The Kendrick Lamar EP.
• Caps Lock: Every single song title on the album DAMN.
• Casting Gag: A rather audacious example with Florida rapper Kodak Black (Dieuson Octave), who is a recurring feature throughout Mr. Morale & The Big Steppers. Prior to the album's release, Kodak had been caught up in very public scandals and legal troubles (from rape accusations to jail time from multiple firearm-related crimes), even amidst the commercial success and critical favor in his music career. His inclusion is meant to help illustrate the point by Kendrick that he is an imperfect man guilty of his own crimes not too dissimilar to Kodak as people would like to believe, tying into Kendrick's exhaustion of being hailed as a flawless savior expected to save the world.
• Cluster F-Bomb: Used to tragic effect in "We Cry Together", which is framed as an intense and uncomfortably personal argument, with all the unfettered profanity and sheer hatred that entails.
• Color Motifs: In the music video for "Not Like Us," the dancers all wear white shirts with the song title spray painted in red and blue on them. Red, white, and blue are the colors of the American flag, and Kendrick dropped the video on July 4th — Independence Day, another jab at Drake, a Canadian, for being "not like us," i.e. African-American. Additionally, blue and red are also the colors of prominent gangs in the US, the Crips and the Bloods, whose feud has long divided Kendrick's hometown of Compton. So mixing these two colors together symbolically unites two rival gangs together for a single cause: hating Drake.
• Coming of Age Story: good kid, m.A.A.d city's plot seems to be a version of this.
• Concept Album:
  • good kid, m.A.A.d city is a somewhat fictionalized account of Kendrick's teenage years in Compton. After a night of robbery and drugs with friends, K.Dot (young Kendrick) heads to Sherane's house for sex. Upon arrival, two gangbangers outside her house beat K.Dot up as his gang affiliation (or lack thereof) is not welcome. K.Dot's friends get word of what happened and decide to involve these two gang members in a drive-by shooting. This goes awry as K.Dot's friend Dave is shot and killed in the process. K.Dot reassess his life, allowing him to become the Kendrick Lamar we know today.
  • To Pimp A Butterfly is also a concept album, following Kendrick after he becomes successful and starts dealing with depression, institutional racial inequality, and the various facets of black culture in America.
• Conscious Hip Hop: Almost all his work, though his early material until To Pimp a Butterfly was also Gangsta Rap.
• Cool Crown: Wears a custom-made diamond-encrusted crown of thorns on the cover of Mr. Morale and the Big Steppers, an homage to the one that Jesus wore. He also wore it while performing on tour for the album.
• Darkest Hour: "u" is this for To Pimp a Butterfly, as it's a song that deals with depression and aggressive self-hatred.
• Deconstruction:
  • Ultimately, GKMC is one for Gangsta Rap and the more unhealthy aspects of today's rap. There's nothing glamorous about the thug lifestyle, instead coming off as bloody and pathetic. Partying and excessive drinking is ultimately destructive and hollow. Even sex, represented through K.Dot hooking up with Sherane, leads to an STD and some very poor choices in the name of getting laid. K.Dot eventually is set straight but at a very high price.
  • DAMN. can also be a deconstruction of the modern rap and pop scene with songs like "GOD." and "DNA." being deconstructions of the pop-rap and trap genres respectively.
  • Arguably, Kendrick himself. He comes off as a typical rapper you'd see on the radio/music videos and uses the same tropes as they do (complete with money show-offs), but his lyricism in regards to the current era of rap music and more of the struggle of a normal person living life (as seen through DAMN.) adds more depth to his content and character.
• Deliberately Monochrome: The album cover of To Pimp a Butterfly, and from that album, the music video for "Alright".
• Digital Head Swap: The music video for "The Heart Part 5" features Kendrick using deepfake software to replace his face with those of O. J. Simpson, Kanye West, Jussie Smollett, Will Smith, Kobe Bryant, and Nipsey Hussle in that order, corresponding with the lyrics that reflect on each man's experiences.
• The Diss Track: 2024 saw Kendrick explicitly developing a feud with Drake, leading to several diss tracks being exchanged between the two. Things first started in J. Cole and Drake's "First Person Shooter" the previous year, where they claimed that all three of them were the "Big Three" of modern hip-hop, but while featuring on the song "Like That" with Future and Metro Boomin, Kendrick would explicitly reject the offer, specifically targeting Drake as being a mainstream-pandering poser with no artistic integrity (Kendrick comparing himself to Prince, and Drake to Michael Jackson). Once Drake responded with his own disses, Kendrick fired back with more of his own:
  • "Euphoria" came out following Drake's "Push Ups" and "Taylor Made", where — despite claiming in the lyrics that he's pulling his punches, and that it's a "friendly fade" that doesn't need to escalate — Kendrick goes hard on the personal accusations of Drake's character, framing Drake as a pathetic manipulator whose steadily-declining relevance in the industry is being used for petty abuses of power, itself a smokescreen for how much of a loser he is, highlighting Drake's notorious insecurity about his race, his history with women (including suspicious behavior around younger women), and his issues with fatherhood and being a father, among other failings.
  • "6:16 in LA" further dissects Drake's lack of industrial integrity and targets his label, OVO Sound, as full of sycophants and workers whom Drake has mistreated and who would gladly stab him in the back — Kendrick would know, as some of them work for him and are ready to leak all of Drake's dirty laundry for the world to see^note This turned out to be almost literal — the cover art for the track features a zoomed-in crop of an innocuous glove, and the cover art to "meet the grahams" reveals even more of the image, being a collage of various items, including Drake's literal receipts for prescription pills (addressed to his birth name, Aubrey Graham), with it being heavily implied that these are in fact his personal items obtained by Kendrick's contacts.
  • The same day as "6:16 in LA" came out, Drake responded with his own "FAMILY MATTERS", and just 30 minutes after that, Kendrick would release "meet the grahams", which — now that Drake had more or less declared war — goes even more personal by addressing Drake's family: his son Adonis (whose existence had infamously been kept secret until he was ousted by Pusha T in a previous beef with Drake years prior), his mother Sandra, his father Dennis, and — in another surprising revelation to the public — his daughter, directly accusing Drake of hiding a second, older child that he's just as much of a deadbeat to, giving a sincere, heartfelt apology to all of them for how poor of a family member Drake has been to them. In addition, Kendrick alleges that OVO is full to the brim with sexual predators and traffickers, and Drake is shielding them, if not outright being one himself.
  • "Not Like Us" would come out less than 24 hours after "meet the grahams", further pushing the allegations of Drake being a pedophile guarding a circle of likeminded predators and sex traffickers out of his estate, as well as highlighting the mountain of rappers he exploited to reach his current level of fame that he uses to shield his reputation (including Future, Lil Baby, 21 Savage, Quavo, and 2 Chainz). Kendrick additionally levies the pedophilia allegations against Drake's bodyguard, "Chubbs", and labelmate Baka Not Nice (the latter of whom already had been charged in the past for human trafficking). As if to add insult to injury, while "Not Like Us" is lyrically deft (though not as dense as "meet the grahams"), it has a club banger of a beat by DJ Mustard, seemingly a return volley against Drake's disses that he's overly intellectual but can't write songs that people listen to as just music.
• Distinct Double Album: Mr. Morale & the Big Steppers broadly covers Kendrick's journey through his various traumas and personal grievances that pass by in his mind, split across two nine-track sections. The first half (The Big Steppers) is the more openly volatile of the two, depicting his thoughts in a more destructive, toxic way, but the second half (Mr. Morale) is much more guided by his desire to overcome and heal from his demons in the name of peace. Structurally, both playlists are directly meant to mirror each other and reflect on each other's general themes in their respectively cynical or idealistic way — for one example, "United in Grief" starts the double album on a rumination on processing grief through unhealthy external means, while "Mirror" ends on looking inward and making the tough decisions in the name of moving on. In a way, the structure carries the frontwards/backwards Duality Motif of DAMN., but actually processed as a two-part album.
• Divinely Appearing Demons: The "God is Gangsta" video doesn't depict Lucy's temptation of Kendrick as overtly lustful and demonic, but rather with a group of ethereal women so covered in light that they almost look like angels. Despite being nude, the women are hardly sexualized, making it easy to mistake Lucy's empty promises of happiness for the real thing.
• Doing It for the Art:
  • invoked Explicitly spelled out in "King Kunta":
    Something's in the water
    And if I gotta brown-nose for some gold
    Then I'd rather be a bum than a motherfuckin' baller
  • In an interview, he stated that he could've easily made an album full of hits with Mr. Morale & the Big Steppers, but he felt compelled to speak as honestly as possible instead.
  • invoked Used against Drake in "euphoria:"
    I'm allergic to the lame shit,
    only you like being famous
    Yachty can't give you no swag neither,
    I don't give a fuck 'bout who you hang with!
• Double Entendre: A staple of his lyrics and humor. He's mentioned quite a few times before that he has a "Gemini's sense of humor".
• The Dreaded: Ever since his beef with Drake, he has become this to the hip-hop community. He is the most feared rapper since Eminem.
• Duality Motif:
  • Explored in various forms throughout DAMN., up to and including the album having an alternate storyline when played in reverse.
  • Mr. Morale & the Big Steppers has a more straightforward execution of the idea, being a double album whose playlists directly reflect each others' themes of processing grief, familial conflict, celebrity culture, etc., with one half addressing it in a dark, cynical way, and the other half in a more constructive, affirmative light.
• Early-Bird Cameo: U2's feature on "XXX." from DAMN. is a slowed-down rendition of the opening verse of their previously-unreleased song "American Soul", which would be formally released later that year on their own album Songs of Experience.
• Electronic Speech Impediment: Emulated in the chorus of "Cartoons and Cereal".
• Epic Rocking:
  • Several of the songs on good kid, the most obvious being "Money Trees" (6:26), "Sing About Me, I'm Dying of Thirst" (12:03) and "Real" (7:23).
  • To Pimp a Butterfly gives us the 12:07 album closer "Mortal Man". Worth noting, though, that both "Mortal Man" and "Sing About Me, I'm Dying of Thirst" feature multiple minutes of spoken word.
  • DAMN. gives us the 7-minute-long FEAR., a song about Kendrick's fears during different stages of his life. Just like "Mortal Man" and "Sing About Me, I'm Dying of Thirst", it ends in a spoken word portion by Kendrick's cousin Carl.
  • Kendrick's feud with Drake gives us "euphoria" (6:23) and "meet the grahams" (6:32), both viciously tearing into Drake as a person.
• Epiphora: Used on "Euphoria" when Kendrick criticizes Drake for trying to use legal loopholes to shut him down and insinuates that Drake has no experience raising a child.
  Try cease and desist on the "Like That" record?
  Ho, what, you ain't like that record?
  "Back to Back", I like that record
  I'm-a get back to that, for the record
  Why would I call around tryna get dirt on niggas? Y'all think all my life is rap?
  That's ho shit, I got a son to raise, but I can see you don't know nothin' 'bout that
  Wakin' him up, know nothin' 'bout that
  Then tell him to pray, know nothin' 'bout that
  Then givin' him tools to walk through life like day by day, know nothin' 'bout that
  Teachin' him morals, integrity, discipline, listen, man, you don't know nothin' 'bout that
  Speakin' the truth and consider what God's considerin', you don't know nothin' 'bout that
  • And again when he takes aim at Drake being Canadian.
    Don't speak on the family, crodie
    It can get deep in the family, crodie
    Talk about me and my family, crodie?
    Someone gon' bleed in your family, crodie
    I be at New Ho King eatin' fried rice with a dip sauce and a blammy, crodie
    Tell me you're cheesin', fam, we can do this right now on the camera, crodie
• Expecting Someone Taller: He's 5'5", which is something of a Running Gag among fans who like to exaggerate his shortness. Very occasionally this is officially acknowledged and parodied, such as that time Kendrick was paired up in a commercial with the 7'1" Shaquille O'Neal.
• Foreshadowing: Kendrick's mom tells him to stay away from Sherane.
• Fake-Out Fade-Out: His "Black Friday" freestyle contains one about 30 seconds before the end, as well as a fake second one at the actual end, where Kendrick starts going into another line, stops himself, and says "No, I'm just fuckin' with ya".
• Freestyle Version: He freestyled over Kanye West's "Monster" in 2010 and created a brilliant Villain Song out of it.
• Fun with Acronyms:
  • A working title for To Pimp A Butterfly was To Pimp A Caterpillar, because if you change "to" into "2", then initialize the rest, you get 2PAC.
  • The "m.A.A.d." in good kid, m.A.A.d. city has a double meaning; it means both "my angry adolescence divided" and "my angels on angel dust".
  • "DNA" from DAMN. stands for "Dead Nigga Association".
• Gamebooks: When it comes to DAMN. one can play the tracklisting forwards, to show Kendrick's narrator's ascent into discovering self-love and self-worth during a life of hardship; playing it in reverse (as seen on the COLLECTORS EDITION) follows the narrator's descent into fear and loathing that ultimately ends in his death as another statistic.
• Gangsta Rap: good kid, m.A.A.d. city is Type 1 of an extremely disillusioned nature, even compared to other albums with a similar introspective style.
• Genre Throwback: The video for "King Kunta," to classic West Coast hip-hop videos, right down to the aspect ratio.
• Gratuitous Spanish: On his feature verse on Schoolboy Q's "Collard Greens," he starts out in English, then transitions seamlessly into Spanish.
• How We Got Here: "Sherane, a.k.a Master Splinter's Daughter" to the skit after "Poetic Justice" on good kid, m.A.A.d city.
• Humble Hero: Kendrick himself is this in real life for many people: He focuses a lot on returning love and care to his hometown of Compton and has said he'd never lose sight of where he came from and what he represents to the West Coast. He also believes this with regards to his family. He provides for them but doesn’t want them to get spoiled. When his sister Kayla graduated from high school, he bought her a very sensible Toyota Camry rather than a flashy car. Kayla defended him on social media and said that she’s glad he’s still got a good head on his shoulders.
• Hypocritical Humor:
  • "HUMBLE." has a chorus that says "Bitch, be humble" while the rest of the song is a Boastful Rap.
  • During an interlude in the "Backstreet Freestyle" video, Kendrick's father complains about how his son constantly going on about "that Compton shit", and compares it to the street life in Chicago. He says this as he's wearing a black Compton hat, which his wife lampshades.
  • After three brutal stanzas of "meet the grahams", Kendrick claims that he doesn't have a hating bone in his body.
• If It Bleeds, It Leads:
  now crawl your head in that noose
  you'll wind up dead on the news
• "I Hate" Song: euphoria as a Diss Track is naturally this, but at one point Kendrick literally just recites all the things he hates about Drake: the way he walks, talks, dresses, sneak disses, the women he sleeps with, and...
  I even hate the way you say the word 'nigga', but that's just me, I guess
  Some shit's just cringeworthy, ain't gotta be deep, I guess
• Kubrick Stare: The cover art for DAMN. shows Kendrick himself doing one of these.
• Jump Scare: A minor one near the end of "BLOOD.", as Kendrick tells a story of him helping a blind woman on the sidewalk.
  Kendrick: "Hello, ma'am, can I be of any assistance? It seems to me that you have lost something. I would like to help you find it." She replied: "Oh yes, you have lost something. You've lost... your life.'" [gunshot]
• Leitmotif: Sherane has one, a pitched-up vocal melody that appears in her titular song and "Poetic Justice."
• Letting the Air out of the Band: "Poetic Justice" ends like this, just before the skit where Kendrick gets jumped upon arriving to Sherane's house.
• Listing Cities: In "Recipe". Rap Genius points out that all of the locations mentioned are important to the history of hip hop.
  You might catch me in Atlanta looking like a boss
  New Orleans and then Miami, party in New York
  Texas I be screwed up, Chi-town I be really pimping
  But nothing like my hometown I'm forever living
• Love Hurts: "Opposites Attract" implies this, and that's not even getting into the crap he went through with Sherane in GKMC.
• Love Martyr: Kendrick unusually applies this philosophy in "The Heart Part 5" not to a person, but his whole audience. The song is Kendrick breaking down the major problems surrounding "the culture" that he's a part of as a symbol of worship, assessing that the modern world is toxic, exploitative, and ready to turn celebrities into pariahs at the flick of a switch, but still genuinely yearning for its love in the hopes that whatever impact he brings to it will be for the better.
  I want, I want, I want, I want
  (But I want you to want me, too...)
  I want the hood...
  Look what I done for you...
  Look what I done for you...
• Madness Mantra: In "u", the hook consists of the phrase "loving you is complicated" ten times with huge jumps in volume and pitch to heighten how unstable Kendrick's self-hatred is making him, culminating in a bridge where he can't even finish the phrase "loving you."
• Massive Numbered Siblings: He's one of six kids and one of almost 80 first cousins on his mom's side of the family.
• Messianic Archetype: A subtle and, of course, humble example. Kendrick himself said he feels he's spiritually inspired by God himself with his music, and also credits Him as the reason he was able to survive the violence of Compton during the '90s. In fact, religion is a reoccurring theme throughout his music. However, this is deconstructed in Mr. Morale & the Big Steppers — While Kendrick himself understands the idea of him being viewed as a "savior" to some, in regards to the music scene as well as to those struggling, he himself is a human being and can't always save everyone, as much as he wants to. This is exemplified in the final track "Mirror", where he chooses himself in the end and apologizes to the listener for not being the "savior" they truly wanted.
• Minimalistic Cover Art
  • The dark green cover of untitled unmastered with just the title in small print in the upper left corner.
  • The cover art for DAMN. has a photo of Kendrick with the large, red album title above him.
• Motor Mouth: Seen in a lot of his songs, "Rigamortis" from Section.80 being a good example.
  • Also m.A.A.d city, which is full of motor-mouthed tongue-twisters.
• No Ending: To Pimp a Butterfly ends rather darkly with Kendrick reciting a secondary poem to Tupac Shakur that relates to how the Butterfly and Caterpillar aren't so different and when asking for Pac's perspective, he gets no reply, tying to the theme of breaking the cycle, with Tupac unable to do so due to his death.
• No Title: True to its name, all the songs on untitled unmastered. lack formal titles. Each track is instead labelled with a number from 01 to 08, followed by its date of recording ("Untitled 03 | 05.28.2013").
• No, You: A dark example occurs in "BLOOD."
• Odd Friendship: With Lady Gaga, who appeared on the original version of "Bitch Don't Kill My Vibe" (the final version was just Kendrick) on good kid.
  • Also with Taylor Swift, who was perceived (by some people) as having robbed him of the Album of the Year Grammy for To Pimp A Butterfly with her own album 1989: she posted herself on social media lip-syncing to "Backstreet Freestyle", which he found charming, and he made a cameo appearance on the remix of "Bad Blood".
• Ode to Intoxication: "Swimming Pools (Drank)" deconstructs this trope; it superficially presents itself as this, but is really about the danger and downsides of alcoholism.
• Once More, with Clarity: Throughout To Pimp a Butterfly, Kendrick progressively recites more and more of a poem, adding lines after the end of each song. The album concludes with The Reveal that the whole poem is being recited to Tupac Shakur.
• One-Woman Song: "Keisha's Song."
• One-Word Title: DAMN. and all of its tracks.
• Parents as People: Thoroughly discussed in "Father Time", with Kendrick delving into what he freely admits are his "daddy issues". He calls out the dissonance of looking up to his own father as a paragon despite instilling in him what may have been toxic values (i.e. "Men should never show feelings, being sensitive never helped"). Despite this, Kendrick sympathizes with him and his attitude as a consequence of the environment he himself was raised in, and he parses his Tough Love as born out of genuinely wanting Kendrick to learn to fight for himself and avoid the same mistakes he made.
• Perfectly Cromulent Word: In the skit following "m.A.A.d city":
  Nigga, pass Dot the bottle, damn! You ain't the one that got fucked up, what you holding it for? Niggas always acting unsensitive and shit.
  Nigga, that ain't no word.
  Nigga, shut up!
• Papa Wolf: As Drake found out the hard way... you absolutely do NOT want to go after his family.
• The Perils of Being the Best: A recurring narrative theme following Kendrick's rise to superstardom and critical adulation has been his struggles in dealing with the idea of being a "savior" to hip-hop as a genre, American race relations, or even black culture in its entirety. To Pimp a Butterfly repeatedly grazes on his feelings of insecurity and depression keeping up with his reputation ("u" is an extended rant against himself for "failing" to save those he left behind in his ascent), and Mr. Morale & the Big Steppers sees Kendrick fully confessing to his savior complex and accepting that — as much as he seriously wants to — he is a mortal man who can't carry the responsibility of singlehandedly leading the causes he wants to fight for, and simply can't save everyone.
• Plot Parallel: Mr. Morale & The Big Steppers is a Distinct Double Album structured as a thematic chiasmus (the first track of disc 1 directly parallels the final track of disc 2, the second track parallels the second-last track, etc.), each reflecting on a general topic on Kendrick's mind. While each song approaches their topics in a respectively cynical or idealistic fashion depending on the disc, the main focus is to illustrate Kendrick's whole sense of being regarding complex cultural and moral issues that he feels strongly about in both sides.
  • "United in Grief" and "Mirror" bookend the double-album about processing grief and the stresses of his fame, but while "United in Grief" details doing so through unhealthy external means (including disassociation through high spending), "Mirror" is a vastly more introspective piece about accepting his shortcomings and making the tough decisions in the name of healing and growth.
  • "N95" addresses insecurity strictly through external means (from designer materials to engaging with flagrant political discourse like cancel culture), while "Mother I Sober" is a very detailed admission of Kendrick's own personal battles with trauma and the mistakes he's made in life.
  • "Worldwide Steppers" and "Mr. Morale" are tracks about parenthood and Generational Trauma, the former depicting him as uncertain and at times unfaithful as a newly-christened patriarch, the latter being more honest, faithful, and hopeful towards everyone's future.
  • "Die Hard" and "Auntie Diaries" revolve around letting go of past traumas to maintain lasting relationships with with family and loved ones, the former being honest with his insecurities and choosing to pursue a loyal lover, the latter about prioritizing love and the family over the prejudices of society and religion.
  • "Father Time" and "Savior" are both about deconstructing the concept of personal idols, the former as an unsettling reality imposed on him in his youth (learning that his father is only human), the latter as a crucial personal revelation to the audience (Kendrick explaining that he himself is only human too).
  • "Rich" and the "Savior" interlude (both are even categorized as separate interludes in the tracklist) are guest-based passages on the struggles of growing up. "Rich" features Kodak Black dwelling on his dark and fraught checkered past leading up to the wary present, while the "Savior" interlude features Baby Keem reminiscing on his recent personal experiences, overcomings, and hopes for the future.
  • "Rich Spirit" and "Silent Hill" are detail different reactions towards dealing with widespread targeted criticisms, the former about standing up to critics and calling out bad-faith actors, the latter about silent integrity and the value of rejecting haters to preserve your mental health.
  • "We Cry Together" is an uncomfortably extended argument, illustrating the inability for even supposed loved ones to properly communicate with each other. "Crown" conversely illustrates what appears to be a stable life, but through a conflicted psyche unable to accept peace in not being able to please everyone around him.
  • "Purple Hearts" contemplates the sacrifices made in the name of love of others, namely family, while "Count Me Out" contextualizes the value of family and loved ones through self-love.
• Power Trio: There is one between Kendrick, and his two alter-egos;
  • Kendrick himself is The Kirk, being the person who sees fit to speak his mind when he feel like he should about what is important in life.
  • K-Dot, from good kid m.A.A.d. city, is, until "Poetic Justice", The McCoy, being the emotional, self-indulgent one of the trio who looks beyond the risks and potential harms of his lifestyle that wind up humbling him later on in the story.
  • Kung Fu Kenny, from DAMN., is The Spock, being the figure who, beyond all of his bombastic qualities, knows how to control himself and speak of the right way, no matter how forcibly he has to say it.
• Punctuated! For! Emphasis!: "THIS. DICK. AIN'T. FREEEEEEEE!"
• Protagonist-Centered Morality: Averting this trope was the point of "The Blacker the Berry."
• Quarreling Song: "We Cry Together" is an infamously brutal take on the trope, consisting of Kendrick introducing the song as "what the world sounds like," kicking off a loud, messy argument between a couple (played by himself and Taylour Paige). Both of them are so heated and the language so profane and angry that the only stylisms that keep it a Quarreling Song is the flow and the fact that it rhymes — it otherwise plays out like a genuinely toxic domestic dispute set to music.
• Rearrange the Song: The version of "untitled 03" that was performed on The Colbert Report differs notably from the album version; the final verse is left out, and there's not as much buildup for certain parts of the song.
• "The Reason I Suck" Speech: "u", while framed in third person, is very clearly Kendrick blasting himself in despairing self-loathing about all his failures and insecurities, violently and drunkenly tearing down his fame and status as a social icon by highlighting all those around those in his life that he failed to "save," from close family to his impoverished brethren in Compton.
• "The Reason You Suck" Speech:
  • "u" is a self-directed diatribe by Kendrick denying that he's ever done anything worthwhile in his life. His music, his fame, and his compassion are all called into question until the final verse climaxes as Kendrick admits his money can't overcome his "suicidal weakness."
  • In "euphoria", a diss track directed at Drake, Kendrick pops off with a laundry list of reasons why he despises Drake as both an artist and a human being, calling him out as a manipulative, insecure, cowardly, misogynistic culture vulture with a dubious history in regards to his relationships with women (especially younger women).
  • Kendrick's hatred of Drake escalates with "6:16 in LA", targeting the Canadian artist lack of respect and integrity within the industry by revealing that his own label, OVO Sound, is rife with members who are actively serving as Kendrick's informants to leak Drake's seedier secrets as payback for their mistreatment. He also calls out Drake for wasting his time on attention-seeking gimmicks like the now rescinded Tupac/Snoop AI diss "Taylor Made Freestyle" and miscellaneous Instagram memes, as hiding behind social media is doing nothing to root out the snakes lurking in his camp.
  • In a mere 30 minutes after Drake had responded with "Family Matters", Kendrick dropped the haunting diss track "meet the grahams", where after directly addressing various members of Drake's family (including an alleged second child) and blowing apart OVO's reputation with the allegation that the label is infested with sexual predators and traffickers, Kendrick finally addresses Drake once more with a voice seething with Tranquil Fury.
  • Then Kendrick spun the block again with "Not Like Us": A club banger that doubles down on both of his previous allegations of Drake being a pedophile and OVO being filled with sexual predators. Near the end of the track, Kendrick has some choice words in regards to Drake's "Always rappin' like you 'bout to get the slaves freed. You just actin' like an activist, it's make-believe." verse in "Family Matters", calling out how this highlights how completely disconnected Drake is from Black culture with his interest in it being solely exploitative for his own enrichment.
    'You run to Atlanta when you need a check balance
    Let me break it down for you, this the real nigga challenge
    You called Future when you didn't see the club
    Lil Baby helped you get your lingo up
    21 gave you false street cred
    Thug made you feel like you a slime in your head
    Quavo said you can be from Northside
    2 Chainz say you good, but he lied
    You run to Atlanta when you need a few dollars
    No, you not a colleague, you a fuckin' colonizer''
  • His Instagram single unofficially named "Watch the Party Die" is a Tranquil Fury-laden indictment of modern hip-hop culture itself.
• Retail Therapy: Brought up in "United In Grief," in which he raps about buying expensive things that he never uses (Rolexes, infinity pools) to try and numb his pain.
• The Reveal: On To Pimp a Butterfly:
  • "How Much a Dollar Cost" ends with the old man who keeps asking Kendrick for a dollar (only for Kendrick to refuse to help each time) revealing that he is God, and Kendrick's greed has cost him his spot in heaven.
  • The whole album ends with Kendrick reciting a poem and getting a little bit further each time. The final track, "Mortal Man", reveals that Kendrick is reciting the full poem to Tupac Shakur.
• Ripped from the Headlines: One verse in "The Heart Part 5" comments on the controversy surrounding Will Smith's slapping of Chris Rock at the Academy Awards just six weeks prior.
• Running Gag: "Where my mothafuckin dominoes at?!"
• Screw the Rules, I'm Doing What's Right!: In "Auntie Diaries," a young Kendrick stands up to his pastor as he's being transphobic towards his cousin Mary-Ann and calls him out. In the narration, Kendrick even calls this "the day I chose humanity over religion."
• Self-Empowerment Anthem: "i," which is especially powerful considering its heavy contrast with "u."
• Shout-Out:
  • good kid contains several to establish its mid-2000s setting.
    • The album's opening track is named "Sherane, a.k.a. Master Splinter's Daughter".
    • When Kendrick meets Sherane, she's dancing to Ciara.
    • When Kendrick is driving to Sherane's house, he references Curtis Jackson.
    • In "The Art of Peer Pressure," Kendrick and his buddies are riding round listening to Young Jeezy (who featured on Kendrick's song "Westside, Right on Time", released as a non-album single just prior to the release of good kid).
    • "I fucked Sherane and went to tell my bros / then Usher Raymond 'Let it Burn' came on."
  • He shouted out Rihanna and Nicki Minaj on the remix to Ab-Soul's "Black Lip Bastard".
  • At one point during "Hood Politics", Kendrick shouts out Killer Mike, both in the sense of a name-drop and spotlighting him as an artist; he is used as a current example of the lyrical talent that people often complain is missing from modern hip-hop.
    Critics want to mention that they miss when hip-hop was rappin'
    Motherfucker, if you did, then Killer Mike'd be platinum
  • See Fun with Acronyms above.
  • The backwards speech at the start of "euphoria" is a reversed sample from The Wiz, specifically the line "EVERYTHING THEY SAY ABOUT ME IS TRUE!" when The Wiz is revealed to be a fraud.
  • Speaking of fraud, Kendrick also sneaks in a reference to Haley Joel Osment while taking aim at Drake's use of Artificial Intelligence to change his voice to Tupac Shakur's and Snoop Dogg's on "Taylor Made Freestyle" and comparing him to the evangelical pastor Joel Osteen, who, like Drake, has been accused of using ghostwriters for his sermons.
    Am I battlin' ghosts or AI?
    Nigga feelin' like Joel Hale Osteen
    Funny, he was in a film called A.I.
    And my sixth sense tellin' me to off him
  • He later references The Sixth Sense again at the beginning of "Not Like Us".
    Psst... I See Dead People.
• Silent Protagonist: A rare musical example with the outros in good kid, m.A.A.d city. Kendrick isn't actually heard speaking in any of them, even when addressed, until the end of Compton, where he lets his mother know that he's borrowing her car.
  K. Dot: Mama, I'm fit'na use the van right quick! Be back...15 minutes!
• Soprano and Gravel: Anytime he harmonizes with Anna Wise on GKMC.
• Stealth Insult: Following Kendrick being selected to headline the Superbowl's halftime show in 2025, he released a promotional video in September 2024 announcing his upcoming appearance while on a football field launching footballs through a launcher, periodically making quips at someone off-camera presumably trying to catch them. While inviting the viewer to watch the game, he briefly remarks "You know there's only one opportunity to win a championship. No round twos!", which many have read as a not-so-subtle diss towards Drake, as not only was their explosive feud from earlier in the year still on everyone's minds, Drake had been periodically hinting at a "round two" on social media, Kendrick mocking him for trying to reignite a beef that audiences and critics alike widely agreed Drake already and decisively lost.
• Subverted Rhyme Every Occasion: Used in "Meet the Grahams" to subtly imply that the subject of the diss is heartless:
  Therapy's a good start
  But I suggest some ayahuasca, strip the ego from the bottom.
• Survivor Guilt: As detailed in "u", Kendrick went through a depression that was onset by personal guilt from making it out of Compton and seemingly abandoning his roots, and watching a lot of his Compton friends get killed.
  A friend never leave Compton for profit
  Or leave his best friend, little brother
  You promised you’d watch him before they shot him.
• Suspiciously Specific Denial: In "m.A.A.d city":
  Seen a light-skinned nigga with his brains blown out
  At the same burger stand where *beep* hang out
  Now this is not a tape recording sayin' that he did it
  But ever since that day, I was lookin' at him different
• Take That!: "King Kunta" takes shots at rappers who use ghostwriters, rappers who didn't actually earn their success and just hopped on the latest trend, and people who blindly follow the next big thing (i.e., Kendrick) just because they're popular.
• Textless Album Cover: To Pimp a Butterfly and Mr. Morale & the Big Steppers.
• To Be Continued: These words are repeated several times at the end of "Cartoon & Cereal" to tease Kendrick's then-upcoming album, good kid, m.A.A.d city.
• Trailers Always Lie: The meaning of "Backseat Freestyle" (a super arrogant and vulgar rap by a very ignorant young K.Dot who's yet to have his eyes truly opened to the consequences of the hedonist/thug lifestyle he follows) is essentially lost outside of the rest of the album. That didn't stop it from becoming a sequel where listeners would be prone to take its lyrics on its own merit without the context of later songs like "Money Trees" and "Real."
• Tranquil Fury: Part of what makes "meet the grahams" such a notably dark track is Kendrick delivering his lines in a low key, steady flow that nonetheless does nothing to take away from how brutal and scathing the accusations he makes against Drake are, unlike his other diss tracks towards which were either loud and boisterous ("Euphoria"), mocking ("6:16 in L.A."), or darkly humorous ("Not Like Us").
  • "Watch the Party Die" is a restrained, five-minute rebuke of the libertine hedonism, glorification of violence, and corporatism he sees as defining contemporary hip-hop culture, delivered in an icy tone of subdued rage almost the whole way through.
• This Loser Is You: If you still want to live the gangsta lifestyle after listening to GKMC, you have some problems.
• True Companions: Him and his Black Hippy clique, consisting of himself, Ab-Soul, Jay Rock and Schoolboy Q. The four of them comprise probably the best young rap group out there right now.
• Unwanted False Faith: A major theme of Mr. Morale & the Big Steppers is Kendrick recognizing how his acclaim and heightening of social awareness for big issues has led to him being hailed as almost the Messianic Archetype of hip-hop and possibly black culture at large, something he's very uncomfortable with. As he spends the album identifying himself and how he views major problems through a humble, human lens, the point he makes is that no matter how nuanced, intelligent, influential, and compassionate he can try and be, it's fundamentally impossible for him to actually serve this position, and the message he leaves is clear: he's still growing as a person, and in order to do that, he has to choose himself over his adoring fans, and "You won't grow waiting on me." The song "Savior" further extends this to fellow black celebrities in general:
  Kendrick made you think about it, but he is not your savior.
  Cole made you feel empowered, but he is not your savior.
  Future said, "Get a money counter," but he is not your savior.
  'Bron made you give his flowers, but he is not your savior.
  He is not your savior.
• Villain Song: "Pray For Me" is a tragic one, as Kendrick and The Weeknd sing from the perspective of Erik Killmonger, who laments the fact that all he knows in life is violence, the fact that he's made himself completely alone, and that no one will mourn him when he dies.
• Wham Line:
  • "Keisha's Song" is a standard portrait of the life of a sex worker, until the last few lines:
  Nothing really matters, so she hit the back seat
  and caught a knife inside the bladder, left her dead, raped in the street
  • The Reveal of the identity of the old man in "How Much a Dollar Cost" changes the entirety of the song before it.
    "You're lookin' at the Messiah, the son of Jehovah, the higher power
    The choir that spoke the word, the Holy Spirit
    The nerve of Nazareth, and I'll tell you just how much a dollar cost
    The price of having a spot in Heaven, embrace your loss.
    I am God."
  • In "The Blacker the Berry," Kendrick repeatedly tells the listener that he's "the biggest hypocrite of 2015" and hints that "once [he] finish[es] this," it will be clear to the listener why he's saying this. The song ends with the following lines:
    So don't matter how much I say I like to preach with the Panthers
    Or tell Georgia State "Marcus Garvey got all the answers"
    Or try to celebrate February like it's my B-Day
    Or eat watermelon, chicken, and Kool-Aid on weekdays
    Or jump high enough to get Michael Jordan endorsements
    Or watch BET cause urban support is important
    So why did I weep when Trayvon Martin was in the street
    When gang banging make me kill a nigga blacker than me?
    Hypocrite!
  • At the end of "Mortal Man":
    "The ground is gonna open up and swallow the evil."
  • In "DUCKWORTH.", after telling an extensive story between two people (Kendrick's father and Top Dawg; Top Dawg, robbing a KFC, decided not to kill Kendrick's father, who worked there, since he would give him free and extra food), Kendrick brings it all together with the final lines.
    Then you start remindin' them about that chicken incident
    Whoever thought the greatest rapper would be from coincidence?
    Because if Anthony killed Ducky, Top Dawg could be servin' life
    While I grew up without a father and die in a gunfight.
  • "Meet The grahams" is already a vicious diss-track towards Drake, with Kendrick addressing his family one member at a time apologizing on Drake's behalf for his shameful, monstrous behavior — including burying the existence of his son until he was ousted years later — starting from Drake's son Adonis, his mother Sandra, his father Dennis... and a second hidden child.
    "Dear baby girl, I'm sorry that your father's not active inside your world."
• What the Hell, Hero?: "How Much a Dollar Cost" is essentially God sending this message to Kendrick in the midst of his fame-induced greed.
• A Wild Rapper Appears!: He does this in the remix of Imagine Dragons' "Radioactive", in The Lonely Island's "YOLO", and on the single version of Taylor Swift's "Bad Blood", which few were expecting.
  • Completely inverted with his song "Money Trees", in which his friend Anna Wise sings the bridge, which makes it A Wild Singer Appears.
• Worth Living For: In "YAH.", he describes his niece as this.