2020 United States House of Representatives elections in Hawaii

2020 United States House of Representatives elections in Hawaii
All 2 Hawaii seats to the United States House of Representatives
Turnout	63.3% 12.7 pp
Democratic 60–70% 70–80%

The 2020 United States House of Representatives elections in Hawaii were held on November 3, 2020, to elect the two U.S. representatives from the state of Hawaii, one from each of the state's two congressional districts. The elections coincided with the 2020 U.S. presidential election, as well as other elections to the House of Representatives, elections to the United States Senate and various state and local elections. The state's primary elections were held on August 8, 2020.

Beginning with the 2020 election cycle, per Act 136, Session Laws of Hawaii 2019, all state elections are conducted by mail.^[1]

Overview

District

Results of the 2020 United States House of Representatives elections in Hawaii by district:^[2]

District	Democratic		Republican		Others		Total		Result

	Votes	%	Votes	%	Votes	%	Votes	%
District 1	183,245	72.02%	71,188	27.98%	0	0.00%	254,433	100.00%	Democratic hold
District 2	171,517	63.01%	84,027	30.87%	16,558	6.08%	272,102	100.00%	Democratic hold
Total	354,762	67.38%	155,215	29.48%	16,558	3.14%	526,535	100.00%

Popular vote

Democratic			67.38%
Republican			29.48%
Other			3.14%

House seats

Democratic			100.00%

District 1

The 1st district is located entirely on the island of Oahu, centering on Honolulu and the towns of, Aiea, Mililani, Pearl City, Waipahu and Waimalu. The incumbent was Democrat Ed Case, who was elected with 73.1% of the vote in 2018.^[3]

Democratic primary

Candidates

Nominee

Ed Case, incumbent U.S. representative^[4]

Primary results

Democratic primary results^[5]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Ed Case (incumbent)	131,802	100.0
Total votes			131,802	100.0

Republican primary

Candidates

Nominee

Ron Curtis, engineer and nominee for U.S. Senate in 2018^[6]

Eliminated in primary

James Dickens, salesman^[7]
Nancy Olson, family nurse practitioner^[8]
Arturo Reyes, perennial candidate^[6]
Taylor Smith^[6]

Primary results

Republican primary results^[5]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Ron Curtis	13,909	41.1
	Republican	James Dickens	7,120	21.0
	Republican	Nancy Olson	6,665	19.7
	Republican	Arturo Reyes	4,301	12.7
	Republican	Taylor Smith	1,839	5.4
Total votes			33,834	100.0

Nonpartisan primary

According to the election laws of Hawaii, in order for nonpartisan candidates to appear on the general election ballot, they must receive at least 10% of votes cast (16,529 votes) or receive as many or more votes than any other candidate who won a partisan nomination (≥ 13,873 votes). Griffin failed to do either, and did not appear on the November ballot.^[9]

Candidates

Disqualified

Calvin Griffin^[9]

Primary results

Nonpartisan primary results^[5]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Nonpartisan	Calvin Griffin	2,324	100.0
Total votes			2,317	100.0

General election

Predictions

Source	Ranking	As of
The Cook Political Report^[10]	Safe D	November 2, 2020
Inside Elections^[11]	Safe D	October 28, 2020
Sabato's Crystal Ball^[12]	Safe D	November 2, 2020
Politico^[13]	Safe D	November 2, 2020
Daily Kos^[14]	Safe D	November 2, 2020
RCP^[15]	Safe D	November 2, 2020

Results

Hawaii's 1st congressional district election, 2020^[16]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Democratic	Ed Case (incumbent)	183,245	72.02%	−1.08%
	Republican	Ron Curtis	71,188	27.98%	+4.91%
Total votes			254,433	100.00%
	Democratic hold

District 2

The 2nd district takes in rural and suburban Oahu, including Waimanalo Beach, Kailua, Kaneohe, Kahuku, Makaha, Nanakuli, as well as encompassing all the other islands of Hawaii, taking in Maui and Hilo. The incumbent was Democrat Tulsi Gabbard, who was reelected with 77.4% of the vote in 2018 and announced that she would run for President of the United States in 2020. Hawaii law permits candidates to run for both Congress and the presidency.^[17]

On October 25, 2019, Gabbard announced she would not seek reelection to focus on her presidential campaign.^[18] However, she suspended her campaign on March 19, 2020, after lower result ratings in the primaries and endorsed former Vice President Joe Biden's campaign.^[19] Hawaii's Office of Elections forbids candidate filing for any of the state's 2020 elections after June 2, 2020.^[20]

Democratic primary

Candidates

Nominee

Kai Kahele, state senator^[17]

Defeated in primary

Brian Evans, singer and Republican nominee for Hawaii's 2nd congressional district in 2018^[21]
Noelle Famera, small business owner and activist^[22] (endorsed Hoomanawanui after the primary elections)^[23]
Brenda Lee^[21]^[24]

Withdrawn

David Cornejo, software engineer^[21]^[25]
Ryan Meza, investor, entrepreneur, and a consultant (endorsed Famera)

Declined

Alan Arakawa, former mayor of Maui^[26]
Kirk Caldwell, mayor of Honolulu^[26]
Bernard Carvalho, former mayor of Kauai^[27]
Beth Fukumoto, former state representative^[26]
Tulsi Gabbard, incumbent U.S. representative, former 2020 candidate for U.S. president^[28]^[19]
Kaniela Ing, former state representative^[29]
Donna Mercado Kim, state senator and former president of the Hawaii Senate^[26]^[30]^[31]
Chris Lee, state representative^[32]
Ernie Martin, former chair of the Honolulu City Council^[30]^[31]
Jill Tokuda, former state senator^[26]^[30]^[31]^[33]

Endorsements

Kai Kahele

Federal officials

Ed Case, U.S. representative^[34]
Judy Chu, U.S. representative^[34]
Jason Crow, U.S. representative^[34]
Chrissy Houlahan, U.S. representative^[34]
Pramila Jayapal, U.S. representative^[34]
Hakeem Jeffries, U.S. representative^[34]
Seth Moulton, U.S. representative^[34]
Barack Obama, 44th president of the United States^[35]
Mark Pocan, U.S. representative^[34]
Max Rose, U.S. representative^[34]
Brian Schatz, U.S. senator from Hawaii^[34]
Brad Sherman, U.S. representative^[34]
Mikie Sherrill, U.S. representative^[34]
Mark Takano, U.S. representative^[34]

State officials

Neil Abercrombie, former governor of Hawaii^[34]
Ben Cayetano, former governor of Hawaii^[34]
John D. Waiheʻe III, former governor of Hawaii^[34]

State legislators

Joy San Buenaventura, state representative^[34]
Stanley Chang, state senator^[34]
Stacelynn Kehaulani Eli, state representative^[34]
Kurt Fevella, state senator^[34]
Cedric Gates, state representative^[34]
Kaniela Ing, former state representative^[36]
Dru Kanuha, state senator^[34]
Jarrett Keohokalole, state senator^[34]
Michelle Kidani, state senator^[34]
Ron Kouchi, President of the Hawaii Senate^[34]
Clarence Nishihara, state senator^[34]
Gil Riviere, state senator^[34]
Maile Shimabukuro, state senator^[34]
Chris Toshiro Todd, state representative^[34]
Tina Wildberger, state representative^[34]

Other individuals

Ikaika Anderson, chair of the Honolulu City Council^[34]
Bernard Carvalho, former mayor of Kauai^[34]
Howard Dean, former governor of Vermont^[34]
Neera Tanden, president of Center for American Progress and Hillary Clinton campaign adviser^[36]^[37]
Shan Tsutsui, former lieutenant governor of Hawaii^[34]

Organizations

Unions

Hawaiian Airlines Pilots ALPA MEC^[40]
Hawaii Masons Union, Local 1^[40]
HGEA AFSCME, Local 152^[40]
International Association of Bridge, Structural, Ornamental and Reinforcing Iron Workers, Local 625^[40]
International Longshore and Warehouse Union, Local 142^[40]
Spirit Airlines Pilots ALPA MEC^[40]

Hypothetical polling

Tulsi Gabbard vs. Kai Kahele

Poll source	Date(s) administered	Sample size^[a]	Margin of error	Tulsi Gabbard	Kai Kahele	Undecided
Public Policy Polling^[41]	September 27–29, 2019	990 (V)	± 3.4%	48%	26%	27%

Tulsi Gabbard vs. Generic Opponent

Poll source	Date(s) administered	Sample size^[a]	Margin of error	Tulsi Gabbard	Generic Opponent	Undecided
Public Policy Polling^[41]	September 27–29, 2019	990 (V)	± 3.4%	38%	50%	11%

Primary results

Democratic primary results^[5]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Kai Kahele	100,841	76.5
	Democratic	Brian Evans	12,337	9.3
	Democratic	Brenda Lee	10,694	8.1
	Democratic	Noelle Famera	7,992	6.1
Total votes			131,864	100.0

Republican primary

Candidates

Nominee

Joe Akana, U.S. Air Force veteran^[42]

Defeated in primary

Steven Bond^[6]
Karla Bart Gottschalk, retired civil rights lawyer and candidate for U.S. Senate in 2016^[43]
David Hamman, locksmith^[44]
Elise Hatsuko Kaneshiro^[45]
Nicholas Love, pastor^[6]
Robert Nagamine, former lieutenant colonel in the Hawaii Air National Guard^[6]
Raymond Quel, security protection specialist^[6]
Felipe San Nicolas, former telecommunications manager^[6]

Declined

Samuel Wilder King II, attorney^[26]
Steve Rousseau^[46]

Primary results

Republican primary results^[5]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Joe Akana	15,107	44.1
	Republican	Elise Kaneshiro	5,294	15.5
	Republican	David Hamman	3,430	10.0
	Republican	Robert Nagamine	2,887	8.4
	Republican	Nicholas Love	2,616	7.6
	Republican	Steven Bond	2,218	6.5
	Republican	Felipe San Nicolas	1,465	4.3
	Republican	Karla Bart Gottschalk	953	2.8
	Republican	Raymond Quel	305	0.9
Total votes			34,275	100.0

Libertarian primary

Candidates

Nominee

Michelle Rose Tippens, executive director and Libertarian nominee for Hawaii's 1st congressional district in 2018^[47]

Primary results

Libertarian primary results^[5]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Libertarian	Michelle Rose Tippens	1,014	100.0
Total votes			1,014	100.0

American Shopping primary

Candidates

Nominee

John Giuffre, perennial candidate^[48]

Primary results

American Shopping primary results^[5]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	American Shopping	John Giuffre	134	100.0
Total votes			134	100.0

Aloha Aina primary

Candidates

Nominee

Jonathan Hoomanawanui, VFW service officer^[49]

Primary results

Aloha ʻĀina primary results
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Aloha ʻĀina	Jonathan Hoomanawanui	3,423	100.0
Total votes			3,423	100.0

Nonpartisan primary

According to election laws of Hawaii, in order for nonpartisan candidates to appear on the general election ballot, they had to receive at least 10% of votes cast (17,049 votes) or receive as many or more votes than any other candidate that won a partisan nomination (≥ 133 votes). Burrus fulfilled the latter requirement and was on the November ballot.^[9]

Candidates

Nominee

Ron Burrus, analyst^[50]

Eliminated in primary

Byron McCorriston, entrepreneur^[51]

Primary results

Nonpartisan primary results^[5]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Nonpartisan	Ron Burrus	1,308	59.2
	Nonpartisan	Byron McCorriston	901	40.8
Total votes			2,209	100.0

General election

Predictions

Source	Ranking	As of
The Cook Political Report^[10]	Safe D	November 2, 2020
Inside Elections^[11]	Safe D	October 28, 2020
Sabato's Crystal Ball^[12]	Safe D	November 2, 2020
Politico^[13]	Safe D	November 2, 2020
Daily Kos^[14]	Safe D	November 2, 2020
RCP^[15]	Safe D	November 2, 2020

Results

Hawaii's 2nd congressional district election, 2020^[16]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Democratic	Kai Kahele	171,517	63.01%	−14.35%
	Republican	Joe Akana	84,027	30.87%	+8.23%
	Libertarian	Michelle Rose Tippens	6,785	2.49%	N/A
	Aloha ʻĀina	Jonathan Hoomanawanui	6,453	2.37%	N/A
	Nonpartisan	Ron Burrus	2,659	0.98%	N/A
	American Shopping	John Giuffre	661	0.24%	N/A
Total votes			272,192	100.00%
	Democratic hold

Notes

^ ^a ^b Key:
A – all adults
RV – registered voters
LV – likely voters
V – unclear

References

^ "Implementing Elections by Mail". State of Hawaii Office of Elections. November 14, 2019. Retrieved May 25, 2020.
^ Johnson, Cheryl L. (February 28, 2019). "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 6, 2020". Clerk of the U.S. House of Representatives. Retrieved April 27, 2019.
^ Wasserman, David; Flinn, Ally (November 7, 2018). "2018 House Popular Vote Tracker". Cook Political Report. Retrieved February 15, 2019.
^ "Ed Case announces his candidacy for re-election in 2020". June 16, 2019. Archived from the original on August 29, 2019. Retrieved September 11, 2019.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h "PRIMARY ELECTION 2020 – State of Hawaii – Statewide" (PDF). State of Hawaii – Office of Elections. August 8, 2020. Retrieved August 14, 2020.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h "Hawaii Elections 2020: Primary Election Ballot". Honolulu Civil Beat. June 3, 2020. Retrieved June 19, 2020.
^ "Candidate Q&A: U.S. House District 1 — James Dickens". Honolulu Civil Beat. July 22, 2020. Retrieved August 14, 2020.
^ "Candidate Q&A: U.S. House District 1 — Nancy Olson". Honolulu Civil Beat. June 30, 2020.
^ ^a ^b ^c Carsella, Kate (August 14, 2020). "Hawaii voters decide August 8 congressional primaries". Ballotpedia News. Retrieved August 14, 2020.
^ ^a ^b "2020 House Race Ratings for November 2, 2020". The Cook Political Report. Retrieved April 5, 2021.
^ ^a ^b "2020 House Ratings". House Ratings. The Rothenberg Political Report. Retrieved April 5, 2021.
^ ^a ^b "2020 House race ratings". Sabato's Crystal Ball. Retrieved April 5, 2021.
^ ^a ^b "2020 Election Forecast". Politico. April 5, 2021.
^ ^a ^b "2020 House Race Ratings". Daily Kos Elections. Retrieved April 5, 2021.
^ ^a ^b "Battle for House 2020". RCP. Retrieved April 5, 2021.
^ ^a ^b "GENERAL ELECTION 2020 – State of Hawaii – Statewide November 3, 2020 **FINAL SUMMARY REPORT**" (PDF). Hawaii Board of Elections. November 19, 2020. Retrieved November 22, 2020.
^ ^a ^b Lovell, Blaze (January 21, 2019). "Sen. Kai Kahele Gets A Jump On 2020 In Announcing Congressional Bid". Honolulu Civil Beat. Retrieved February 15, 2019.
^ "Gabbard's decision breaks 2nd District race wide open". www.kitv.com. Archived from the original on October 29, 2019. Retrieved October 26, 2019.
^ ^a ^b Lerer, Lisa; Astor, Maggie (March 19, 2020). "Tulsi Gabbard Drops Out of Presidential Race". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved March 20, 2020.
^ "Candidate Filing". elections.hawaii.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2020.
^ ^a ^b ^c "2020 Election United States House – Hawaii – District 02". FEC.gov.
^ "Candidate Q&A: U.S. House District 2 — Noelle Famera". Honolulu Civil Beat. July 10, 2020. Retrieved August 14, 2020.
^ Famera, Noelle (October 5, 2020). ""Ua Mau Ke Ea O Ka ʻĀina I Ka Pono. I'm endorsing, The Aloha Aina Party Candidate Jonathan Hoomanawanui for US Congress Hawaii District 2…"". Instagram. Archived from the original on December 26, 2021. Retrieved October 5, 2020.
^ "Brenda Lee". Ballotpedia.
^ "David Cornejo". Ballotpedia.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f "Chad Blair: Handicapping Hawaii's CD2 Election". Honolulu Civil Beat. November 1, 2019. Retrieved November 19, 2019.
^ Cocke, Sophie (November 18, 2019). "Former Kauai Mayor Bernard Carvalho endorses Kai Kahele for Congress". Honolulu Star-Advertiser. Retrieved November 19, 2019.
^ Elfrink, Tim (October 24, 2019). "Tulsi Gabbard won't run for reelection to Congress as she seeks Democratic presidential nomination". The Washington Post. Retrieved October 24, 2019.
^ Ing, Kaniela [@KanielaIng] (November 4, 2019). "BIG ANNOUNCEMENT: Since Tulsi Gabbard announced that she would not seek re-election, a lot of people have been asking what my plans are. Learn more and join me here: https://bit.ly/34xquPf#VoteKai #Kahele2020" (Tweet). Retrieved November 4, 2019 – via Twitter.
^ ^a ^b ^c Singer, Jeff (October 28, 2019). "Daily Kos Elections Live Digest: 10/28". Daily Kos. Retrieved October 28, 2019.
^ ^a ^b ^c Lauer, Nancy Cook (October 27, 2019). "Congressional race likely to get crowded". West Hawaii Today. Retrieved October 31, 2019.
^ "Windward Oahu representative announces plan to run for state Senate". Hawaii News Now. November 4, 2019. Retrieved November 4, 2019.
^ McAvoy, Audrey (October 25, 2019). "Gabbard drops congressional race to focus on presidential". Washington Post. AP. Archived from the original on October 29, 2019. Retrieved November 1, 2019.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y ^z ^aa ^ab ^ac ^ad ^ae ^af ^ag ^ah ^ai ^aj ^ak ^al ^am ^an "Public endorsements". kaikahele.com. Archived from the original on June 21, 2020. Retrieved May 19, 2020.
^ Obama, Barack (September 25, 2020). "Second Wave of 2020 Endorsements". Medium.
^ ^a ^b Grube, Nick (November 25, 2019). "Hawaii Sen. Kai Kahele Finds Money, Connections In DC". Honolulu Civil Beat. Retrieved August 20, 2020.
^ Tanden, Neera [@neeratanden] (October 18, 2019). "Hey all, @kaikahele is running in the primary against Tulsi for her congressional seat. If you'd like to support him, today is a good day to do so. And you can do so" (Tweet). Retrieved August 9, 2020 – via Twitter.
^ Riley, John (June 9, 2020). "Human Rights Campaign makes congressional endorsements ahead of November's election". www.metroweekly.com. Metro Weekly. Retrieved May 30, 2022.
^ Connon, Courtnee (July 20, 2020). "LCV Action Fund Endorses Kai Kahele for Congress". League of Conservation Voters.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f "Union Endorsements". kaikahele.com. Archived from the original on June 21, 2020. Retrieved May 19, 2020.
^ ^a ^b Public Policy Polling
^ "Coffee with a Candidate: Joe Akana, Republican Candidate for U.S. House". KHNL. June 17, 2020. Retrieved July 14, 2020.
^ "Coffee with a Candidate: Karla Bart Gottschalk, Republican Candidate for Congress". Hawaii News Now. July 13, 2020. Retrieved August 14, 2020.
^ "Candidate Q&A: U.S. House District 2 — David Hamman". Honolulu Civil Beat. July 9, 2020. Retrieved August 14, 2020.
^ "Coffee with a Candidate: Elise Hatsuko Kaneshiro, Republican Candidate for Congress". Hawaii News Now. June 19, 2020. Retrieved August 14, 2020.
^ Harlow, Casey (December 25, 2019). "'You Still Have A Job To Do': 2nd Congressional District Candidates Voice Opinions Of Gabbard". Hawaii Public Radio. Retrieved June 19, 2020.
^ "Candidate Q&A: U.S. House District 2 — Michelle Tippens". Honolulu Civil Beat. July 9, 2020. Retrieved August 14, 2020.
^ "2020 Election: Raghu aka John Giuffre". Honolulu Star Adviser. July 17, 2020. Retrieved August 14, 2020.
^ "Candidate Q&A: U.S. House District 2 — Jonathan Hoomanawanui". Honolulu Civil Beat. July 10, 2020. Retrieved August 14, 2020.
^ "Candidate Q&A: U.S. House District 2 — Ron Burrus". Honolulu Civil Beat. July 10, 2020. Retrieved August 14, 2020.
^ "Candidate Q&A: U.S. House District 2 — Byron McCorriston". Honolulu Civil Beat. July 10, 2020. Retrieved August 14, 2020.

External links

Government Documents Round Table of the American Library Association, "Hawaii", Voting & Elections Toolkits
"Hawaii: Election Tools, Deadlines, Dates, Rules, and Links", Vote.org, Oakland, CA
"League of Women Voters of Hawaii". (state affiliate of the U.S. League of Women Voters)
Hawaii at Ballotpedia

Official campaign websites for 1st district candidates

Ed Case (D) for Congress
Ron Curtis (R) for Congress Archived August 16, 2020, at the Wayback Machine

Official campaign websites for 2nd district candidates

Joe Akana (R) for Congress
Jonathan Hoomanawanui (AĀ) for Congress Archived August 16, 2020, at the Wayback Machine
Kai Kahele (D) for Congress
Michelle Rose Tippens (L) for Congress Archived August 7, 2020, at the Wayback Machine

[Key-41] Key:
A – all adults
RV – registered voters
LV – likely voters
V – unclear

[1] "Implementing Elections by Mail". State of Hawaii Office of Elections. November 14, 2019. Retrieved May 25, 2020.

[clerk2020-2] Johnson, Cheryl L. (February 28, 2019). "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 6, 2020". Clerk of the U.S. House of Representatives. Retrieved April 27, 2019.

[HPVT-3] Wasserman, David; Flinn, Ally (November 7, 2018). "2018 House Popular Vote Tracker". Cook Political Report. Retrieved February 15, 2019.

[4] "Ed Case announces his candidacy for re-election in 2020". June 16, 2019. Archived from the original on August 29, 2019. Retrieved September 11, 2019.

[HIsosr-5] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h "PRIMARY ELECTION 2020 – State of Hawaii – Statewide" (PDF). State of Hawaii – Office of Elections. August 8, 2020. Retrieved August 14, 2020.

[CBprimary-6] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h "Hawaii Elections 2020: Primary Election Ballot". Honolulu Civil Beat. June 3, 2020. Retrieved June 19, 2020.

[7] "Candidate Q&A: U.S. House District 1 — James Dickens". Honolulu Civil Beat. July 22, 2020. Retrieved August 14, 2020.

[8] "Candidate Q&A: U.S. House District 1 — Nancy Olson". Honolulu Civil Beat. June 30, 2020.

[Griffin-9] Carsella, Kate (August 14, 2020). "Hawaii voters decide August 8 congressional primaries". Ballotpedia News. Retrieved August 14, 2020.

[CookPolitical-10] "2020 House Race Ratings for November 2, 2020". The Cook Political Report. Retrieved April 5, 2021.

[InsideElections-11] "2020 House Ratings". House Ratings. The Rothenberg Political Report. Retrieved April 5, 2021.

[Sabato-12] "2020 House race ratings". Sabato's Crystal Ball. Retrieved April 5, 2021.

[Politico-13] "2020 Election Forecast". Politico. April 5, 2021.

[DailyKos-14] "2020 House Race Ratings". Daily Kos Elections. Retrieved April 5, 2021.

[RCP-15] "Battle for House 2020". RCP. Retrieved April 5, 2021.

[HIGeneral-16] "GENERAL ELECTION 2020 – State of Hawaii – Statewide November 3, 2020 **FINAL SUMMARY REPORT**" (PDF). Hawaii Board of Elections. November 19, 2020. Retrieved November 22, 2020.

[HI02Kahele-17] Lovell, Blaze (January 21, 2019). "Sen. Kai Kahele Gets A Jump On 2020 In Announcing Congressional Bid". Honolulu Civil Beat. Retrieved February 15, 2019.

[Gabbard-18] "Gabbard's decision breaks 2nd District race wide open". www.kitv.com. Archived from the original on October 29, 2019. Retrieved October 26, 2019.

[Lerer-19] Lerer, Lisa; Astor, Maggie (March 19, 2020). "Tulsi Gabbard Drops Out of Presidential Race". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved March 20, 2020.

[20] "Candidate Filing". elections.hawaii.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2020.

[FEC-HI02-21] "2020 Election United States House – Hawaii – District 02". FEC.gov.

[22] "Candidate Q&A: U.S. House District 2 — Noelle Famera". Honolulu Civil Beat. July 10, 2020. Retrieved August 14, 2020.

[23] Famera, Noelle (October 5, 2020). ""Ua Mau Ke Ea O Ka ʻĀina I Ka Pono. I'm endorsing, The Aloha Aina Party Candidate Jonathan Hoomanawanui for US Congress Hawaii District 2…"". Instagram. Archived from the original on December 26, 2021. Retrieved October 5, 2020.

[24] "Brenda Lee". Ballotpedia.

[25] "David Cornejo". Ballotpedia.

[:0-26] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f "Chad Blair: Handicapping Hawaii's CD2 Election". Honolulu Civil Beat. November 1, 2019. Retrieved November 19, 2019.

[27] Cocke, Sophie (November 18, 2019). "Former Kauai Mayor Bernard Carvalho endorses Kai Kahele for Congress". Honolulu Star-Advertiser. Retrieved November 19, 2019.

[28] Elfrink, Tim (October 24, 2019). "Tulsi Gabbard won't run for reelection to Congress as she seeks Democratic presidential nomination". The Washington Post. Retrieved October 24, 2019.

[Ing-29] Ing, Kaniela [@KanielaIng] (November 4, 2019). "BIG ANNOUNCEMENT: Since Tulsi Gabbard announced that she would not seek re-election, a lot of people have been asking what my plans are. Learn more and join me here: https://bit.ly/34xquPf#VoteKai #Kahele2020" (Tweet). Retrieved November 4, 2019 – via Twitter.

[HI02dk-30] Singer, Jeff (October 28, 2019). "Daily Kos Elections Live Digest: 10/28". Daily Kos. Retrieved October 28, 2019.

[WHT-crowded-31] Lauer, Nancy Cook (October 27, 2019). "Congressional race likely to get crowded". West Hawaii Today. Retrieved October 31, 2019.

[32] "Windward Oahu representative announces plan to run for state Senate". Hawaii News Now. November 4, 2019. Retrieved November 4, 2019.

[wapo-gabbarddrops-33] McAvoy, Audrey (October 25, 2019). "Gabbard drops congressional race to focus on presidential". Washington Post. AP. Archived from the original on October 29, 2019. Retrieved November 1, 2019.

[fed-34] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y ^z ^aa ^ab ^ac ^ad ^ae ^af ^ag ^ah ^ai ^aj ^ak ^al ^am ^an "Public endorsements". kaikahele.com. Archived from the original on June 21, 2020. Retrieved May 19, 2020.

[35] Obama, Barack (September 25, 2020). "Second Wave of 2020 Endorsements". Medium.

[connect-36] Grube, Nick (November 25, 2019). "Hawaii Sen. Kai Kahele Finds Money, Connections In DC". Honolulu Civil Beat. Retrieved August 20, 2020.

[37] Tanden, Neera [@neeratanden] (October 18, 2019). "Hey all, @kaikahele is running in the primary against Tulsi for her congressional seat. If you'd like to support him, today is a good day to do so. And you can do so" (Tweet). Retrieved August 9, 2020 – via Twitter.

[38] Riley, John (June 9, 2020). "Human Rights Campaign makes congressional endorsements ahead of November's election". www.metroweekly.com. Metro Weekly. Retrieved May 30, 2022.

[39] Connon, Courtnee (July 20, 2020). "LCV Action Fund Endorses Kai Kahele for Congress". League of Conservation Voters.

[unions-40] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f "Union Endorsements". kaikahele.com. Archived from the original on June 21, 2020. Retrieved May 19, 2020.

[Public_Policy_Polling-42] Public Policy Polling

[43] "Coffee with a Candidate: Joe Akana, Republican Candidate for U.S. House". KHNL. June 17, 2020. Retrieved July 14, 2020.

[44] "Coffee with a Candidate: Karla Bart Gottschalk, Republican Candidate for Congress". Hawaii News Now. July 13, 2020. Retrieved August 14, 2020.

[45] "Candidate Q&A: U.S. House District 2 — David Hamman". Honolulu Civil Beat. July 9, 2020. Retrieved August 14, 2020.

[46] "Coffee with a Candidate: Elise Hatsuko Kaneshiro, Republican Candidate for Congress". Hawaii News Now. June 19, 2020. Retrieved August 14, 2020.

[47] Harlow, Casey (December 25, 2019). "'You Still Have A Job To Do': 2nd Congressional District Candidates Voice Opinions Of Gabbard". Hawaii Public Radio. Retrieved June 19, 2020.

[48] "Candidate Q&A: U.S. House District 2 — Michelle Tippens". Honolulu Civil Beat. July 9, 2020. Retrieved August 14, 2020.

[49] "2020 Election: Raghu aka John Giuffre". Honolulu Star Adviser. July 17, 2020. Retrieved August 14, 2020.

[50] "Candidate Q&A: U.S. House District 2 — Jonathan Hoomanawanui". Honolulu Civil Beat. July 10, 2020. Retrieved August 14, 2020.

[51] "Candidate Q&A: U.S. House District 2 — Ron Burrus". Honolulu Civil Beat. July 10, 2020. Retrieved August 14, 2020.

[52] "Candidate Q&A: U.S. House District 2 — Byron McCorriston". Honolulu Civil Beat. July 10, 2020. Retrieved August 14, 2020.

[1]

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