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Erechtites

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Erechtites
Erechtites hieraciifolius
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Asterales
Family: Asteraceae
Subfamily: Asteroideae
Tribe: Senecioneae
Genus: Erechtites
Raf.
Type species
Erechtites praealtus Raf.,
syn of E. hieraciifolius[1][2]
Synonyms[2]
  • Senecio sect. Erechtites (Raf.) Baill.

Erechtites is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family known commonly as fireweeds or burnweeds. They are native to the Americas and Australia,[3][4] but some species are widely distributed weeds.[3][5][6]

Description

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Erechtites consists of annual or perennial herbs with large taproots and very often with a pungent odor. Leaves are usually ovate or lanceolate (sometimes pinnately lobed or pinnatifid). Flower heads may sometimes contain as many as 100 yellow or white (rarely pink) disc florets but no ray florets.[3]

Taxonomy and species

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Some species in this genus are treated as members of Senecio by some authors, and several other species are considered variants of Erechtites hieraciifolius, so there may be as few as 5 distinct species in this genus. In particular, not all authors agree on whether to include a dozen or so species native to Australia and New Zealand in Erechtites.[7][8]

Species

27 species are recognised by Plants of the World Online[9]

Alternatively, a more limited genus circumscription restricts the genus to New World species and only recognises six species in two sections:[10]

  • Erechtites sect. Erechtites
    • Erechtites hieracifolius
    • Erechtites missionis
    • Erechtites valerianifolius
    • Erechtites petiolatus
  • Erechtites sect. Goyazenses Belcher
    • Erechtites goyazensis
    • Erechtites ignobilis

The genus name Erechtites is considered masculine by some botanists and feminine by others. Hence some species names may end in "-us" or "-a," for example, Erechtites valerianifolius versus E. valerianifolia. International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (Art. 62.4) specifies that generic names ending in "-ites" are to be treated as masculine, hence the "-us" ending in such cases is to be preferred over the "-a" ending.[3][11]

References

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  1. ^ The Plant List search for Erechtites
  2. ^ a b Tropicos, Erechtites Raf.
  3. ^ a b c d "Erechtites Rafinesque". Flora of North America.
  4. ^ Coleman, M.; Liston, A.; Kadereit, J. W.; Abbott, R. J. (2003). "Repeat intercontinental dispersal and Pleistocene speciation in disjunct Mediterranean and desert Senecio (Asteraceae)". American Journal of Botany. 90 (10): 1446–54. doi:10.3732/ajb.90.10.1446. PMID 21659096.
  5. ^ "Erechtites hieraciifolius (L.) Raf. ex DC". Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER).
  6. ^ "Erechtites valerianifolia (Wolf) DC". Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER).
  7. ^ Erechtites Hieracifolia. Fireweed., Drugs and Medicines of North America, 1884-1887 by John Uri Lloyd and Curtis G. Lloyd. Online edition by Henriette Kress, 2002-2009
  8. ^ Jepson Manual Treatment
  9. ^ "Erechtites Raf." Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 27 March 2022.
  10. ^ FUNEZ, LUÍS A.; HASSEMER, GUSTAVO; PERONI, NIVALDO; DRECHSLER-SANTOS, ELISANDRO R. (4 March 2021). "<strong>Taxonomic notes on <em>Erechtites</em> (Asteraceae: Senecioneae)</strong>". Phytotaxa. 489 (2): 155–170. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.489.2.4. eISSN 1179-3163. ISSN 1179-3155.
  11. ^ International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Melbourne Code) article 62.4
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