Gauley River

Gauley River
Sweet's Falls on the Gauley River
Location
Country	United States
State	West Virginia
Counties	Randolph, Webster, Nicholas, Fayette
Physical characteristics
Source	North Fork Gauley River
• location	Gauley Mountain, Pocahontas County, WV
• coordinates	38°25′42″N 80°10′22″W / 38.42833°N 80.17278°W / 38.42833; -80.17278
• elevation	4,000 ft (1,200 m)
2nd source	South Fork Gauley River
• location	Pocahontas County, WV
• coordinates	38°22′43″N 80°12′52″W / 38.37861°N 80.21444°W / 38.37861; -80.21444
• elevation	3,937 ft (1,200 m)
3rd source	Middle Fork Gauley River
• location	Pocahontas County, WV
• coordinates	38°23′21″N 80°11′29″W / 38.38917°N 80.19139°W / 38.38917; -80.19139
• elevation	3,844 ft (1,172 m)
Source confluence	Three Forks of Gauley
• location	Webster County, WV
• coordinates	38°24′33″N 80°14′17″W / 38.40917°N 80.23806°W / 38.40917; -80.23806
• elevation	2,917 ft (889 m)
Mouth	Kanawha River[2]
• location	Gauley Bridge, WV
• coordinates	38°09′42″N 81°11′47″W / 38.16167°N 81.19639°W / 38.16167; -81.19639
• elevation	660 ft (200 m)
Discharge
• location	Belva, WV[1]
• average	2,680 cu ft/s (76 m3/s)[1]
• minimum	341 cu ft/s (9.7 m3/s)(1976)
• maximum	12,900 cu ft/s (370 m3/s)(1987)
Basin features
Tributaries
• left	Miller Mill Run, Williams River, Cranberry River, Meadow River

The Gauley River is a 105-mile-long (169 km)^[3] river in West Virginia. It merges with the New River to form the Kanawha River, a tributary of the Ohio River. The river features numerous recreational whitewater areas, including those in Gauley River National Recreation Area downstream of the Summersville Dam.

The Gauley rises in the Monongahela National Forest on Gauley Mountain in Pocahontas County as three streams, the North, Middle, and South Forks, each of which flows across the southern extremity of Randolph County; they converge in Webster County. The river then flows generally west-southwestwardly through Webster, Nicholas and Fayette counties, past the towns of Camden-on-Gauley and Summersville, to the town of Gauley Bridge, where it joins the New River to form the Kanawha River. Via the Kanawha and Ohio rivers, it is part of the Mississippi River watershed.

The Gauley's largest tributaries all flow into the main river from the east (flowing in a westerly direction) and are described as follows:

• The Williams River drains a segment of the Monongahela National Forest, joining the Gauley in Webster County.
• The Cranberry River flows through the Monongahela National Forest and empties into the Gauley in Nicholas County.
• The Cherry River, which initially flows through the town of Richwood, joins the Gauley near Craigsville.
• The Meadow River, which initially flows through the town of Rainelle, joins the Gauley at the Fayette-Nicholas County border.

In Nicholas County, the Gauley is impounded by the Summersville Dam, a U.S. Army Corps of Engineers dam, to form Summersville Lake. The Gauley River National Recreation Area is downstream of the dam.

The Gauley is run year-round by recreational whitewater rafters and from spring to fall by commercial rafting companies. During the majority of the year, boating is dependent on water level, which fluctuates dramatically depending on rainfall and the level of Summersville Lake. However, starting the Friday after Labor Day, the Army Corps of Engineers provides a series of 22 controlled releases^[4] for the express purpose of downriver recreation. These releases are collectively known as "Gauley Season" and are scheduled on six successive weekends, the first five of which are four-day weekends (Friday through Monday) and the last of which is just Saturday and Sunday. Typical release levels during "Gauley Season" range from 2,400 to 2,800 ft³/s (68 to 79 m³/s).

These releases are the result of an act of the U.S. Congress, the first law passed in the U.S. to specifically mandate recreational whitewater dam releases. The releases bring millions of dollars annually to the local economy, as paddlers travel from all over the United States and overseas for this event.

The Gauley area was the site of the Battle of Carnifex Ferry on September 10, 1861, a Union victory in the American Civil War.

The Gauley River's name most likely is derived from Gaul (literally "river of the Gauls"), a historical region of Europe including most of current day France, from the time when West Virginia was part of New France before the French and Indian War.^[5] Historically, the river has had various Indian names, variant spellings of Gaul/Gauley as well as Falling/Falls Creek.

• List of West Virginia rivers

• Gauley River National Recreation Area
• US Army Corps of Engineers: Southern WV
• Weather And Water Levels