Zebra moray

Zebra moray
Conservation status
	; Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Actinopterygii
Order:	Anguilliformes
Family:	Muraenidae
Subfamily:	Muraeninae
Genus:	Gymnomuraena; Lacépède, 1803
Species:	G. zebra
Binomial name
	Gymnomuraena zebra; (G. Shaw, 1797)
Synonyms
	Echidna zebra

The zebra moray (Gymnomuraena zebra) is a species of marine fish in the family Muraenidae. It is the only member of the genus Gymnomuraena, though it sometimes has been included in Echidna instead.

Description

The zebra moray is considered as a medium-sized fish even if it can reach a maximum length of 150 cm. However, the average size commonly observed is more of the order of 50 cm.^[2] It is densely banded dark and whitish, giving rise to its common name.^[3] Its snout is round and short.

Distribution and habitat

The zebra moray is widespread throughout the Indo-Pacific area from eastern coast of Africa until western coast of the Americas, including the Red Sea, Hawaii and Galápagos.^[4]^[5]

The zebra moray is a benthic fish, its favorite habitat corresponds to the rocky or coral reef on coastal shallow water up to 40 meters deep.^[6]

Biology

Gymnomuraena zebra has a nocturnal activity and actively hunt its prey. Unlike most other moray eels, it feeds exclusively on crustaceans, sea urchins and mollusks.^[7]^[8]

References

^ Smith, D.G.; McCosker, J.; Tighe, K. (2019). "Gymnomuraena zebra". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T195700A2404907. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T195700A2404907.en.
^ Myers, R. F., 1991. Micronesian reef fishes. Second Ed. Coral Graphics, Barrigada, Guam. 298 pp.
^ Sommer, C., W. Schneider and J.-M. Poutiers, 1996. FAO species identification field guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of Somalia. FAO, Rome. 376 pp.
^ Fricke, R., 1999. Fishes of the Mascarene Islands (Réunion, Mauritius, Rodriguez): an annotated checklist, with descriptions of new species. Koeltz Scientific Books, Koenigstein, Theses Zoologicae, Vol. 31:759 p.
^ McCosker, J. E. and R. H. Rosenblatt, 1995. Muraenidae. Morenas. pp. 1303–1315. In W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K. E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) Guia FAO para Identification de Especies para lo Fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. 3 vols. FAO, Rome.
^ Mundy, B. C., 2005. Checklist of the fishes of the Hawaiian Archipelago. Bishop Museum Bulletins in Zoology. Bishop Mus. Bull. Zool. (6):1–704.
^ Lieske, E. and R. Myers, 1994. Collins Pocket Guide. Coral reef fishes. Indo-Pacific & Caribbean including the Red Sea. Harper Collins Publishers, 400 pp.
^ Kuiter, R. H. and T. Tonozuka, 2001. Pictorial guide to Indonesian reef fishes. Part 1. Eels- Snappers, Muraenidae – Lutjanidae. Zoonetics, Australia. 302 pp.

External links

Photos of Zebra moray on Sealife Collection

[1] Smith, D.G.; McCosker, J.; Tighe, K. (2019). "Gymnomuraena zebra". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T195700A2404907. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T195700A2404907.en.

[2] Myers, R. F., 1991. Micronesian reef fishes. Second Ed. Coral Graphics, Barrigada, Guam. 298 pp.

[3] Sommer, C., W. Schneider and J.-M. Poutiers, 1996. FAO species identification field guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of Somalia. FAO, Rome. 376 pp.

[4] Fricke, R., 1999. Fishes of the Mascarene Islands (Réunion, Mauritius, Rodriguez): an annotated checklist, with descriptions of new species. Koeltz Scientific Books, Koenigstein, Theses Zoologicae, Vol. 31:759 p.

[5] McCosker, J. E. and R. H. Rosenblatt, 1995. Muraenidae. Morenas. pp. 1303–1315. In W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K. E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) Guia FAO para Identification de Especies para lo Fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. 3 vols. FAO, Rome.

[6] Mundy, B. C., 2005. Checklist of the fishes of the Hawaiian Archipelago. Bishop Museum Bulletins in Zoology. Bishop Mus. Bull. Zool. (6):1–704.

[7] Lieske, E. and R. Myers, 1994. Collins Pocket Guide. Coral reef fishes. Indo-Pacific & Caribbean including the Red Sea. Harper Collins Publishers, 400 pp.

[8] Kuiter, R. H. and T. Tonozuka, 2001. Pictorial guide to Indonesian reef fishes. Part 1. Eels- Snappers, Muraenidae – Lutjanidae. Zoonetics, Australia. 302 pp.

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