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Trade-offs in the Desert: RealEcon Visits Arizona

From semiconductors and water conservation to mining and the clean energy transition, Arizona is balancing trade-offs that will have important lessons for the country.

A copper smelter in Arizona.

Trade Offs Trade-Offs logo

A regular series on the choices faced by international economic policymakers

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Perspectives

  • As Global Debt Explodes, China’s Central Bank Is Fueling and Obscuring It

    China is using its central bank to prop up current and prospective Belt & Road clients. In the process, it is fueling and obscuring poorer-country debt problems.

    Sri Lanka’s Hambantota Port in March. The port is one of the signature projects of Belt and Road cooperation between China and Sri Lanka.
  • A Taxonomy of Sovereign Wealth Funds

    Everyone seems to want a sovereign wealth fund these days. Even countries that have more sovereign debt than sovereign wealth are hot on the idea. It’s a hot topic. Over time, less and less of the growth of the foreign assets of the world’s governments has taken the form of traditional FX reserves, and more and more has taken the form of swelling sovereign wealth funds (see the chart below).

    Official (Government) Cross Border Flows
  • China’s Imaginary Trade Data

    China has a new way of calculating its good surplus in its formal balance of payments data. It is a deeply misleading. It also explains the apparent fall in the current account account surplus.

    China: Goods Balance vs. Current Account Surplus Estimated vs. Reported

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