Fletus

Fletus est lacrimas fundere (aut ortus lacrimarum in oculis), statui animi, dolori, corporeaeve oculorum irritationi respondens. Inter animi motús qui fletum stimulare possunt numerantur felicitas, gaudium, ira, tristitia. Actio flendi definitur "multiplex res secretomotorica cuius proprietas est lacrimas fundere ex apparatu lacrimali sine irritatione structurarum oculorum,"^[1] potius levationem praebens quae coniunctivitem prohibet.^[2] Consociatum vocabulum medicum est lacrimatio, quae etiam lacrimas fundendas non animi motus causa attingit. Varia flendi genera agnoscuntur.^[3]

Coniunctio neuronalis inter glandulam lacrimalem (ductum nasolacrimalem) et regiones cerebri humani cum animi motu implicatas affirmata est. Investigatores scientifici disputant num homines sint sola animalia quae lacrimas fundant, statui animi motús respondentes.^[4]^[5] Carolus Darwin in The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals dixit custodes elephanti Indicorum in Vivario Londiniensi ei dixisse eorum curas lacrimas maeroris aliquando fundere.

Lacrimis animi motibus effectibus sunt compositio chemica quae ab aliis lacrimarum generibus discrepat, summas continentes insigniter maiores hormontium prolactini, hormontis adrenocorticotropici, et Leu-enkaphalini,^[6] atque elementorum kalii et mangani.^[4]

Systema lacrimale

Sunt tria lacrimarum genera: lacrimae basales, lacrimae reflexivae, lacrimae psychicae. Lacrimae basales ab 1 ad 2 microlitra per minutum effunduntur, et oculis unguendis corneisque levandis prosunt. Lacrimae reflexivae sunt lacrimae quae irritationi oculari respondent, ut cum coquus cepas minutatim concidat. Lacrimae psychicae in systemate lacrimali generantur et sunt lacrimae animi motús causá expulsae.^[7]

Systema lacrimale in systemate secretorio consistit, quod lacrimas generat, et systemate excretorio, quod lacrimas exhaurit. Glandula lacrimalis lacrimas animi motús vel reflexivas plerumque generat. Aliquid liquidi lacrimarum cum homo oculis conivet in vaporem vertit, et aliquid per punctum lacrimale exhauritur. Lacrimae per punctum exhaustae deinde per nasum exhauriuntur. Fluidum nimium quod in punctum non iit supra palpebram concidit, quae lacrimas effundas facit.^[8]

Nexus interni

Notae

↑ Anglice "a complex secretomotor phenomenon characterized by the shedding of tears from the lacrimal apparatus, without any irritation of the eye structures."
↑ Patel, V. (1993). "Crying behavior and psychiatric disorder in adults: a review". Compr Psychiatry 34 (3): 206–11 Quoted by Michelle C. P. Hendriks, A. J. J. M. Vingerhoets in Crying: is it beneficial for one's well-being?
↑ Inter quae clamitatio et clamor (clamare et clamitare), eiulatio et eiulatus (eiulare), lacrimare, lamenta et lamentatio (lamentari), (de)ploratus ((de)plorare), planctus (plangere), singultus (singultare), vagitus (vagire), vociferari.
↑ ^4.0 ^4.1 Walter 2006.
↑ Frey et Langseth 1985: 135–39.
↑ Skorucak, "The Science of Tears."
↑ Lutz 1999: 68.
↑ Lutz 1999: 69–70.

Bibliographia

Blume-Marcovici, Amy, ed. 2017. When therapists cry: reflections on therapists' tears in therapy. Novi Eboraci: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group. ISBN 9781138927308, ISBN 9781138927315.
Chang, Rosemarie Sokol, et N. S. Thompson. 2011. "Whines, cries, and motherese: Their relative power to distract." Journal of Social, Evolutionary, and Cultural Psychology 5 (2): 131–41.
Corless, Damian. 2008. "Boys Don't Cry?" Irish Independent, 8 Augusti 2008. Editio interretialis.
Flintoff, John-Paul. 2003. "Why We Cry." Melburni: The Age. Editio interretialis.
Frank, C., et G. Harrer. 1983 "Über pathologischee Lachen und Weinen." Zeitschrift f. Klin. Psych. Psychopath. Psychother 31: 247–57.
Frey, William H. II, et Muriel Langseth. 1985. Crying: The Mystery of Tears. Minneapoli: Winston Press. ISBN 0-86683-829-5. Editio interretialis.
Lester, Barry M., et C. F. Zachariah Boukydis, eds. 1985. Infant crying: theoretical and research perspectives. Novi Eboraci: Plenum Press. ISBN 0306417758.
Löfgren, L. B. 1966. "On weeping." International Journal of Psychoanalysis 47: 375–81.
Lutz, Tom. 1999. Crying: The Natural and Cultural History of Tears. Novi Eboraci: W. W. Norton. ISBN 0-393-04756-3. Editio interretialis.
Marston, A. 1984. "Toward the laboratory study of sadness and crying." American Journal of Psychology. 97: 127–31.
Miceli, M., et C. Castelfranchi. 2003. "Crying: discussing its basic reasons and uses." New Ideas in Psychology 21 (3): 247–73.
Montagu, A. 1960. "Natural selection and the origin and evolution of weeping in men." Journal of the American Medical Association 174: 392–97.
Nagy, Piroska. 2000. Le Don des larmes au Moyen Age: Un instrument spirituel en quête d'institution Ve-XIIIe siècle. Albin Michel . ISBN 9782226120540.
Patel, V. 1993. "Crying behavior and psychiatric disorder in adults: a review." Comparative Psychiatry 34 (3): 206–11. doi:10.1016/0010-440X(93)90049-A. PMID 8339540.
Walter, Chip. 2006. "Why Do We Cry?" Scientific American Mind 17, no. 6 (Decembris): 44. doi:10.1038/scientificamericanmind1206-44.

Nexus externi

Vicimedia Communia plura habent quae ad fletum spectant.

Skorucak, Anton. "The Science of Tears." ScienceIQ.com.
Stepp, Gina. 2009. "It's No Party, But I'll Cry if I Want To." Vision Media, 14 Ianuarii 2009. Editio interretialis.

[1] Anglice "a complex secretomotor phenomenon characterized by the shedding of tears from the lacrimal apparatus, without any irritation of the eye structures."

[2] Patel, V. (1993). "Crying behavior and psychiatric disorder in adults: a review". Compr Psychiatry 34 (3): 206–11 Quoted by Michelle C. P. Hendriks, A. J. J. M. Vingerhoets in Crying: is it beneficial for one's well-being?

[3] Inter quae clamitatio et clamor (clamare et clamitare), eiulatio et eiulatus (eiulare), lacrimare, lamenta et lamentatio (lamentari), (de)ploratus ((de)plorare), planctus (plangere), singultus (singultare), vagitus (vagire), vociferari.

[Cry_p44-4] 4.0 ^4.1 Walter 2006.

[5] Frey et Langseth 1985: 135–39.

[6] Skorucak, "The Science of Tears."

[7] Lutz 1999: 68.

[8] Lutz 1999: 69–70.

[1]