How to draw this graph-like structure via TikZ?

Question

I am looking to draw the following graph-like structure via TikZ. How can I do that? I am struggling to obtain the \otimes-nodes, the \oplus-nodes, the \top-nodes, the \bot-nodes and the dotted lines.

Answer 1

This should get you started. There are other ways, but this uses beginner-friendly ideas. Place nodes using the \node command. Then draw edges with \draw. There are many ways to stylize this once you get the basic idea. The easiest ways to draw curves are using bend left and bend right (optional angles), or out=, in= as options for to.

Since all the nodes have the same style, I included a tikzset style called mynode. That way you don't have to keep typing it each time and you can easily make changes.

Here is the code:

\documentclass{article}

\usepackage{tikz}
\tikzset{mynode/.style={draw, circle, inner sep=0pt}}

\begin{document}

\begin{tikzpicture}[thick]
\node[mynode](A) at (0,0){$\oplus$};
\node[mynode](B) at (-1,1){$\otimes$};
\node[mynode](C) at (-1,6){$\oplus$};
\node[mynode](D) at (0,5){$\oplus$};
\node[mynode](E) at (-.5,2){$\bot$};

\draw (A) --++(0,-1)node[right]{$(A\otimes\top)\oplus B$};
\draw (C) --++(0,1)node[right]{$A\oplus(\bot\oplus B)$};
\draw (A) to[out=180, in=-90] (B);
\draw (B) to[bend left] (C);
\draw (C) to[bend left] (D);
\draw (D) to[bend right=10] (E);
\end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}